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Stanza 4.8.1
दू॒तं वो॑ वि॒श्ववे॑दसं हव्य॒वाह॒मम॑र्त्यम् | यजि॑ष्ठमृञ्जसे गि॒रा ||
dūtáṁ vo viśvávedasaṁ havyavā́ham ámartyam yájiṣṭham r̥ñjase girā́
We invoke your divine messenger, who knows all things, the immortal bearer of offerings, the best worshipper, with our songs and pressing.
The stanza addresses the divine messenger, Agni, who is all-knowing and carries offerings. The speaker is performing a ritual, using songs and pressing (soma) to propitiate this divine intermediary. The aim is to win favor with this immortal being who is also the best worshipper.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. दूतम् वः विश्ववेदसम् dūtám vaḥ viśvávedasam (8 syllables)
- B. हव्यवाहम् अमर्त्यम् havyavā́ham ámartyam (8 syllables)
- C. यजिष्ठम् ऋञ्जसे गिरा yájiṣṭham r̥ñjase girā́ (8 syllables)
दूतम् (dūtám)
messenger, envoy
वः (vaḥ)
your (plural, used respectfully)
विश्ववेदसम् (viśvávedasam)
possessing all knowledge, all-knowing
हव्यवाहम् (havyavā́ham)
bearer of offerings
अमर्त्यम् (ámartyam)
immortal, deathless
यजिष्ठम् (yájiṣṭham)
most sacrificer, most devotional
ऋञ्जसे (r̥ñjase)
I press (soma), I exert myself
गिरा (girā́)
with song, with speech
Stanza 4.8.2
स हि वेदा॒ वसु॑धितिं म॒हाँ आ॒रोध॑नं दि॒वः | स दे॒वाँ एह व॑क्षति ||
sá hí védā vásudhitim mahā́m̐ āródhanaṁ diváḥ sá devā́m̐ éhá vakṣati
For he, the great one, knows the storehouse of wealth and the ascent to heaven; may he lead the gods here.
This stanza describes Agni's profound understanding of wealth and his role in connecting the earthly realm to the heavens. It asserts that he knows where wealth is stored and the path to the sky. The speaker expresses a desire for Agni to use this knowledge to guide the gods to their rightful place.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. स हि वसुधितिम् sá hí véda + vásudhitim (8 syllables)
- B. महाँ आरोधनम् दिवः mahā́n āródhanam diváḥ (8 syllables)
- C. स देवान् आ इह वक्षति sá devā́n ā́ ihá vakṣati (8 syllables)
स (sá)
he
हि (hí)
indeed, truly
(véda +)
वसुधितिम् (vásudhitim)
store of wealth, repository of riches
महाँ (mahā́n)
great
आरोधनम् (āródhanam)
ascent, stairway
दिवः (diváḥ)
of the sky, of heaven
स (sá)
he
देवान् (devā́n)
the gods
आ (ā́)
hither, to this place
इह (ihá)
here, hither
वक्षति (vakṣati)
may he carry, may he bring
Stanza 4.8.3
स वे॑द दे॒व आ॒नमं॑ दे॒वाँ ऋ॑ताय॒ते दमे॑ | दाति॑ प्रि॒याणि॑ चि॒द्वसु॑ ||
sá veda devá ānámaṁ devā́m̐ r̥tāyaté dáme dā́ti priyā́ṇi cid vásu
He, the god, knows how to direct the gods for the righteous one in his home; he gives beloved treasures.
This stanza highlights Agni's divine nature and his role as a facilitator for the gods. It states that Agni, being a god himself, understands how to guide other gods to the righteous worshipper's home during rituals. He is capable of bestowing beloved and precious possessions as rewards.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. स वेद देवः आनमम् sá veda deváḥ ānámam (8 syllables)
- B. देवान् ॠतायते दमे devā́n r̥tāyaté dáme (8 syllables)
- C. दाति प्रियाणि चिद् वसु dā́ti priyā́ṇi cit vásu (8 syllables)
स (sá)
he
वेद (veda)
knows
देवः (deváḥ)
god
आनमम् (ānámam)
bending, bowing (as a sign of respect or guidance)
देवान् (devā́n)
the gods
ॠतायते (r̥tāyaté)
for the one who follows Rta (cosmic order/truth), for the righteous
दमे (dáme)
in the home, in the house
दाति (dā́ti)
may he give
प्रियाणि (priyā́ṇi)
beloved, dear
चिद् (cit)
even, indeed (intensifier)
वसु (vásu)
wealth, treasure
Stanza 4.8.4
स होता॒ सेदु॑ दू॒त्यं॑ चिकि॒त्वाँ अ॒न्तरी॑यते | वि॒द्वाँ आ॒रोध॑नं दि॒वः ||
sá hótā séd u dūtyàṁ cikitvā́m̐ antár īyate vidvā́m̐ āródhanaṁ diváḥ
He is the Hotri (priest); he, the wise one, performs the messenger's duty, traveling to and fro, knowing the pathway of the sky.
Agni is identified as the Hotri (priest who recites) and the messenger, who diligently carries out his duties. He travels back and forth, possessing the knowledge of the heavens and their pathways. This confirms his essential role in mediating between humans and the divine realms.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. स होता स इत् उ दूत्यं sá hótā sá ít u dūtyàm (8 syllables)
- B. चिकित्वाँ अन्तर् ईयते cikitvā́n antár īyate (8 syllables)
- C. विद्वाँ आरोधनम् दिवः vidvā́n āródhanam diváḥ (8 syllables)
स (sá)
he
होता (hótā)
offerer, priest (who recites hymns)
स (sá)
he
इत् (ít)
indeed, truly
उ (u)
particle of emphasis
दूत्यं (dūtyàm)
messenger's duty, errand
चिकित्वाँ (cikitvā́n)
knowing, understanding
अन्तर् (antár)
between, among, within
ईयते (īyate)
goes, moves
विद्वाँ (vidvā́n)
knowing, wise
आरोधनम् (āródhanam)
ascent, stairway
दिवः (diváḥ)
of the sky, of heaven
Stanza 4.8.5
ते स्या॑म॒ ये अ॒ग्नये॑ ददा॒शुर्ह॒व्यदा॑तिभिः | य ईं॒ पुष्य॑न्त इन्ध॒ते ||
té syāma yé agnáye dadāśúr havyádātibhiḥ yá īm púṣyanta indhaté
May we be among those who have offered to Agni with gifts of sacrifice, who cherish and kindle him.
The speaker expresses a desire to be among those who have faithfully offered sacrifices to Agni. These individuals are characterized by their devotion and their actions of nurturing and kindling the divine fire through their offerings. They are the ones who effectively sustain Agni.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. ते स्याम ये अग्नये té syāma yé agnáye (8 syllables)
- B. ददाशुः हव्यदातिभिः dadāśúḥ havyádātibhiḥ (8 syllables)
- C. ये ईं पुष्यन्तः इन्धते yé īm púṣyantaḥ indhaté (8 syllables)
ते (té)
those
स्याम (syāma)
may we be
ये (yé)
who
अग्नये (agnáye)
to Agni
ददाशुः (dadāśúḥ)
have sacrificed, have offered
हव्यदातिभिः (havyádātibhiḥ)
with offerings, with gifts of sacrifice
ये (yé)
who
ईं (īm)
him (Agni)
पुष्यन्तः (púṣyantaḥ)
causing to thrive, nurturing
इन्धते (indhaté)
they kindle, they set alight
Stanza 4.8.6
ते रा॒या ते सु॒वीर्यैः॑ सस॒वांसो॒ वि शृ॑ण्विरे | ये अ॒ग्ना द॑धि॒रे दुवः॑ ||
té rāyā́ té suvī́ryaiḥ sasavā́ṁso ví śr̥ṇvire yé agnā́ dadhiré dúvaḥ
They are glorious with wealth, with heroic strength, victorious, who have placed their service with Agni.
This stanza describes the favorable outcomes for those who engage in worship. Such individuals are recognized for their wealth and strong progeny, and they achieve victory and renown. Their success is attributed to the diligent service and offerings they place with Agni.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. ते राया ते सुवीर्यैः té rāyā́ té suvī́ryaiḥ (8 syllables)
- B. ससवान्सः वि श्रृण्विरे sasavā́ṃsaḥ ví śr̥ṇvire (8 syllables)
- C. ये अग्ना दधिरे दुवः yé agnā́ dadhiré dúvaḥ (8 syllables)
ते (té)
they
राया (rāyā́)
with wealth, with riches
ते (té)
they
सुवीर्यैः (suvī́ryaiḥ)
with heroic strength, with mighty offspring
ससवान्सः (sasavā́ṃsaḥ)
victorious, triumphant
वि (ví)
particle of emphasis or separation
श्रृण्विरे (śr̥ṇvire)
they are heard of, they are renowned
ये (yé)
who
अग्ना (agnā́)
with Agni, in Agni
दधिरे (dadhiré)
have placed, have put
दुवः (dúvaḥ)
service, worship, homage
Stanza 4.8.7
अ॒स्मे रायो॑ दि॒वेदि॑वे॒ सं च॑रन्तु पुरु॒स्पृहः॑ | अ॒स्मे वाजा॑स ईरताम् ||
asmé rā́yo divé-dive sáṁ carantu puruspŕ̥haḥ asmé vā́jāsa īratām
May riches, much desired, come to us day by day; may powers and gains come forth among us.
This is a prayer for prosperity. The speaker asks for abundant wealth, desired by many, to come to them daily. They also wish for powerful gains and benefits to arise among them, seeking continuous prosperity and success in their endeavors.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. अस्मे रायः दिवे-दिवे asmé rā́yaḥ divé-dive (8 syllables)
- B. सं चरन्तु पुरुस्पृहः sám carantu puruspŕ̥haḥ (8 syllables)
- C. अस्मे वाजासः ईरताम् asmé vā́jāsaḥ īratām (8 syllables)
अस्मे (asmé)
to us, among us
रायः (rā́yaḥ)
riches, wealth
दिवे-दिवे (divé-dive)
day by day, daily
सं (sám)
together, join
चरन्तु (carantu)
may they come, may they move
पुरुस्पृहः (puruspŕ̥haḥ)
much desired by many, highly sought-after
अस्मे (asmé)
to us, among us
वाजासः (vā́jāsaḥ)
powers, mights, gains, spoils
ईरताम् (īratām)
may they arise, may they move forth
Stanza 4.8.8
स विप्र॑श्चर्षणी॒नां शव॑सा॒ मानु॑षाणाम् | अति॑ क्षि॒प्रेव॑ विध्यति ||
sá vípraś carṣaṇīnā́ṁ śávasā mā́nuṣāṇām áti kṣipréva vidhyati
He, the sage among peoples, the sage of humankind, pierces (through opposition) with his might, like a swift arrow.
This stanza describes Agni, the brilliant sage and priest of humanity, as a powerful force. His might enables him to swiftly overcome obstacles and enemies, piercing through them with divine energy, likened to a swiftly moving arrow or shaft.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. स विप्रः चर्षणीनाम् sá vípraḥ carṣaṇīnā́m (8 syllables)
- B. शवसा मानुषाणाम् śávasā mā́nuṣāṇām (8 syllables)
- C. अति क्षिপ্রা इव विध्यति áti kṣiprā́ iva vidhyati (8 syllables)
स (sá)
he
विप्रः (vípraḥ)
sage, inspired one, priest
चर्षणीनाम् (carṣaṇīnā́m)
of the peoples, of humankind
शवसा (śávasā)
with might, with strength
मानुषाणाम् (mā́nuṣāṇām)
of men, of humankind
अति (áti)
beyond, forth
क्षिপ্রা (kṣiprā́)
swift shaft, swift arrow
इव (iva)
like, as if
विध्यति (vidhyati)
pierces, strikes