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Stanza 4.57.1
क्षेत्र॑स्य॒ पति॑ना व॒यं हि॒तेने॑व जयामसि | गामश्वं॑ पोषयि॒त्न्वा स नो॑ मृळाती॒दृशे॑ ||
kṣétrasya pátinā vayáṁ hiténeva jayāmasi gā́m áśvam poṣayitnv ā́ sá no mr̥ḷātīdŕ̥śe
We, with the Master of the Field, as if with a helper, conquer, obtaining cows and horses that nourish. May he be gracious to us in this way.
The stanza describes how humans, with the help of the "Master of the Field" (likely a deity or spirit associated with agriculture), achieve prosperity. This prosperity is depicted as the successful raising of cattle (cows) and horses, which are essential for sustenance and livelihood. The verse expresses a plea for the deity's favor in this endeavor.
Meter: Anushtubh
- A. क्षेत्रस्य पतिना वयं kṣétrasya pátinā vayám (8 syllables)
- B. हितेन इव जयामसि hiténa iva jayāmasi (8 syllables)
- C. गां अश्वं पोषयित्नू आ gā́m áśvam poṣayitnú ā́ (8 syllables)
- D. स नः मृळाति ईदृशे sá naḥ mr̥ḷāti īdŕ̥śe (9 syllables)
क्षेत्रस्य (kṣétrasya)
of the field
पतिना (pátinā)
by the master
वयं (vayám)
we
हितेन (hiténa)
by what is beneficial/placed
इव (iva)
like
जयामसि (jayāmasi)
we conquer/win
गां (gā́m)
cow
अश्वं (áśvam)
horse
पोषयित्नू (poṣayitnú)
nourishing/thriving
आ (ā́)
(particle, indicating closeness or attainment)
स (sá)
he
नः (naḥ)
to us
मृळाति (mr̥ḷāti)
may he be gracious/merciful
ईदृशे (īdŕ̥śe)
to one like this/in this manner
Stanza 4.57.2
क्षेत्र॑स्य पते॒ मधु॑मन्तमू॒र्मिं धे॒नुरि॑व॒ पयो॑ अ॒स्मासु॑ धुक्ष्व | म॒धु॒श्चुतं॑ घृ॒तमि॑व॒ सुपू॑तमृ॒तस्य॑ नः॒ पत॑यो मृळयन्तु ||
kṣétrasya pate mádhumantam ūrmíṁ dhenúr iva páyo asmā́su dhukṣva madhuścútaṁ ghr̥tám iva súpūtam r̥tásya naḥ pátayo mr̥ḷayantu
Lord of the Field, pour for us the sweet-flowing wave of milk, like a cow. May it be sweet-flowing and well-purified like ghee. May the Lords of Order be gracious to us.
Addressing the "Lord of the Field," the speaker requests that he bestow upon them a "sweet wave" or flow of nourishment, like a cow yielding milk. This nourishment, described as sweet-flowing like ghee, is meant to be distributed among them. The stanza concludes with a prayer to the "Lords of Order/Truth" (Rta) for their favor and prosperity.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. क्षेत्रस्य पते मधुमन्तं ऊर्मिं kṣétrasya pate mádhumantam ūrmím (11 syllables)
- B. धेनुः इव पयो अस्मासु धुक्ष्व dhenúḥ iva páyaḥ asmā́su dhukṣva (11 syllables)
- C. मधुश्चुतं घृतं इव सुपूतं madhuścútam ghr̥tám iva súpūtam (11 syllables)
- D. ऋतस्य नः पतयो मृळयन्तु r̥tásya naḥ pátayaḥ mr̥ḷayantu (12 syllables)
क्षेत्रस्य (kṣétrasya)
of the field
पते (pate)
O Lord
मधुमन्तं (mádhumantam)
sweet-bearing
ऊर्मिं (ūrmím)
wave/flow
धेनुः (dhenúḥ)
cow
इव (iva)
like
पयो (páyaḥ)
milk
अस्मासु (asmā́su)
among us
धुक्ष्व (dhukṣva)
pour/yield
मधुश्चुतं (madhuścútam)
dripping sweetness
घृतं (ghr̥tám)
ghee/clarified butter
इव (iva)
like
सुपूतं (súpūtam)
well-purified
ऋतस्य (r̥tásya)
of the cosmic order
नः (naḥ)
to us
पतयो (pátayaḥ)
lords/rulers
मृळयन्तु (mr̥ḷayantu)
may they be gracious
Stanza 4.57.3
मधु॑मती॒रोष॑धी॒र्द्याव॒ आपो॒ मधु॑मन्नो भवत्व॒न्तरि॑क्षम् | क्षेत्र॑स्य॒ पति॒र्मधु॑मान्नो अ॒स्त्वरि॑ष्यन्तो॒ अन्वे॑नं चरेम ||
mádhumatīr óṣadhīr dyā́va ā́po mádhuman no bhavatv antárikṣam kṣétrasya pátir mádhumān no astv áriṣyanto ánv enaṁ carema
May the plants be sweet for us, the heavens, the waters. May the atmosphere be full of sweetness for us. May the Lord of the Field be sweet to us. May we follow him uninjured, continually.
This stanza invokes blessings for sweetness and abundance in all aspects of the natural world, including plants, the heavens, and waters. It specifically asks that the "intermediate space" (air) be filled with sweetness for them. The prayer extends to the "Lord of the Field," asking him to be full of sweetness, and expressing the desire to follow him without harm, implying a life of continuous benefit and well-being.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. मधुमतीः ओषधीः द्यावा आपः mádhumatīḥ óṣadhīḥ dyā́vaḥ ā́paḥ (11 syllables)
- B. मधुमत् नः भवतु अंतरिक्षं mádhumat naḥ bhavatu antárikṣam (11 syllables)
- C. क्षेत्रस्य पतिः मधुमान् नः अस्तु kṣétrasya pátiḥ mádhumān naḥ astu (11 syllables)
- D. अरिष्यन्तः अनु एनं चरेम áriṣyantaḥ ánu enam carema (11 syllables)
मधुमतीः (mádhumatīḥ)
sweet/full of sweetness
ओषधीः (óṣadhīḥ)
herbs/plants
द्यावा (dyā́vaḥ)
heavens/sky
आपः (ā́paḥ)
waters
मधुमत् (mádhumat)
sweet/full of sweetness
नः (naḥ)
for us
भवतु (bhavatu)
may it be
अंतरिक्षं (antárikṣam)
atmosphere/mid-space
क्षेत्रस्य (kṣétrasya)
of the field
पतिः (pátiḥ)
lord/master
मधुमान् (mádhumān)
sweet/full of sweetness
नः (naḥ)
for us
अस्तु (astu)
may he be
अरिष्यन्तः (áriṣyantaḥ)
uninjured/unharmed
अनु (ánu)
following
एनं (enam)
him
चरेम (carema)
may we move/follow
Stanza 4.57.4
शु॒नं वा॒हाः शु॒नं नरः॑ शु॒नं कृ॑षतु॒ लाङ्ग॑लम् | शु॒नं व॑र॒त्रा ब॑ध्यन्तां शु॒नमष्ट्रा॒मुदि॑ङ्गय ||
śunáṁ vāhā́ḥ śunáṁ náraḥ śunáṁ kr̥ṣatu lā́ṅgalam śunáṁ varatrā́ badhyantāṁ śunám áṣṭrām úd iṅgaya
May the draft animals be well-faring, may the men be well-faring, may the plough till happily. May the traces be bound happily; may you [the driver] urge the goad happily.
This verse is a series of blessings for agricultural activities, emphasizing smooth and beneficial progress. It wishes for the "pullers" (likely oxen or draft animals) to work well, for the "men" involved to be effective, and for the "plough" to till the land smoothly. It also invokes blessings for the "traces" (harnessing ropes) to be bound without trouble and for the "goad" to be used effectively, all contributing to a successful and happy harvest.
Meter: Anushtubh
- A. शुणं वाहाः शुणं नरः śunám vāhā́ḥ śunám náraḥ (8 syllables)
- B. शुणं कृषतु लाङ्गलम् śunám kr̥ṣatu lā́ṅgalam (8 syllables)
- C. शुणं वरत्राः बध्यन्तां śunám varatrā́ḥ badhyantām (8 syllables)
- D. शुणं अष्ट्राम् उद् इंगय śunám áṣṭrām út iṅgaya (8 syllables)
शुणं (śunám)
happily/auspiciously
वाहाः (vāhā́ḥ)
draft animals/beasts of burden
शुणं (śunám)
happily/auspiciously
नरः (náraḥ)
men
शुणं (śunám)
happily/auspiciously
कृषतु (kr̥ṣatu)
may it plough
लाङ्गलम् (lā́ṅgalam)
plough
शुणं (śunám)
happily/auspiciously
वरत्राः (varatrā́ḥ)
traces/straps
बध्यन्तां (badhyantām)
may they be bound
शुणं (śunám)
happily/auspiciously
अष्ट्राम् (áṣṭrām)
goad/whip
उद् (út)
up/forward
इंगय (iṅgaya)
may you urge/move
Stanza 4.57.5
शुना॑सीरावि॒मां वाचं॑ जुषेथां॒ यद्दि॒वि च॒क्रथुः॒ पयः॑ | तेने॒मामुप॑ सिञ्चतम् ||
śúnāsīrāv imā́ṁ vā́caṁ juṣethāṁ yád diví cakráthuḥ páyaḥ ténemā́m úpa siñcatam
O Śuna and Sira, accept this speech. With the sustenance that you created in the sky, water this (earth).
This verse directly addresses the deities Śuna and Sira, who are likely associated with prosperity and agriculture. The speaker asks them to accept this hymn of praise and to use the "milk" or sustenance they created in the "heaven" to water or nourish the earth. This invokes a desire for divine intervention to bring fertility and abundance to the land.
Meter:
- A. शुनासीरा इमां वाचं जुषेथां śúnāsīrau imā́m vā́cam juṣethām (11 syllables)
- B. यद् दिवि चक्रथुः पयः yát diví cakráthuḥ páyaḥ (8 syllables)
- C. तेन इमां उप सिञ्चतं téna imā́m úpa siñcatam (8 syllables)
शुनासीरा (śúnāsīrau)
O Śuna and Sira (deities of prosperity/agriculture)
इमां (imā́m)
this
वाचं (vā́cam)
speech/praise
जुषेथां (juṣethām)
may you accept/favor
यद् (yát)
that which
दिवि (diví)
in the sky/heaven
चक्रथुः (cakráthuḥ)
you (dual) created
पयः (páyaḥ)
milk/nourishment
तेन (téna)
by that
इमां (imā́m)
this
उप (úpa)
upon/down
सिञ्चतं (siñcatam)
may you sprinkle/water
Stanza 4.57.6
अ॒र्वाची॑ सुभगे भव॒ सीते॒ वन्दा॑महे त्वा | यथा॑ नः सु॒भगास॑सि॒ यथा॑ नः सु॒फलास॑सि ||
arvā́cī subhage bhava sī́te vándāmahe tvā yáthā naḥ subhágā́sasi yáthā naḥ suphálā́sasi
O auspicious Sita, come near! We worship you, so that you may be auspicious to us, so that you may be fruitful to us.
This verse is a direct address to Sita, the personification of the agricultural furrow or field, calling her "auspicious." The speaker asks her to come near and expresses veneration, wishing to be fortunate and fruitful through her favor. The desire is to experience prosperity and abundant yields, highlighting the importance of the field's fertility for human well-being.
Meter: Anushtubh
- A. अर्वाची सुभगे भव arvā́cī subhage bhava (8 syllables)
- B. सीते वन् đámहे त्वा sī́te vándāmahe tvā (8 syllables)
- C. यथा नः सुभगा आससि yáthā naḥ subhágā ásasi (8 syllables)
- D. यथा नः सुफला आससि yáthā naḥ suphálā ásasi (8 syllables)
अर्वाची (arvā́cī)
coming near/approaching
सुभगे (subhage)
O auspicious one
भव (bhava)
be
सीते (sī́te)
O Sita (personification of the plough-furrow)
वन् đámहे (vándāmahe)
we worship/venerate
त्वा (tvā)
you
यथा (yáthā)
so that/as
नः (naḥ)
to us
सुभगा (subhágā)
auspicious/fortunate
आससि (ásasi)
you may be
यथा (yáthā)
so that/as
नः (naḥ)
to us
सुफला (suphálā)
fruitful/bearing good fruit
आससि (ásasi)
you may be
Stanza 4.57.7
इन्द्रः॒ सीतां॒ नि गृ॑ह्णातु॒ तां पू॒षानु॑ यच्छतु | सा नः॒ पय॑स्वती दुहा॒मुत्त॑रामुत्तरां॒ समा॑म् ||
índraḥ sī́tāṁ ní gr̥hṇātu tā́m pūṣā́nu yachatu sā́ naḥ páyasvatī duhām úttarām-uttarāṁ sámām
May Indra press down the furrow. May Pusan guide it onward. May it, rich in milk, yield to us, year after succeeding year.
This stanza invokes the deities Indra and Pusan to aid in agriculture. Indra is asked to press down the furrow, signifying preparation of the land, while Pusan is asked to guide its course, implying direction and care. The plea is for the furrow (Sita), now described as "rich in milk" (fertile), to yield abundant produce for them year after year, ensuring continuous prosperity.
Meter: Anushtubh
- A. इन्द्रः सीतां नि गृह्णातु índraḥ sī́tām ní gr̥hṇātu (8 syllables)
- B. तां पूषा अनु यच्छतु tā́m pūṣā́ ánu yachatu (8 syllables)
- C. सा नः पयस्वती दुहाम् sā́ naḥ páyasvatī duhām (8 syllables)
- D. उत्तरामुत्तरां समाम् úttarām-uttarām sámām (8 syllables)
इन्द्रः (índraḥ)
Indra (king of the gods, associated with rain and thunder)
सीतां (sī́tām)
the furrow
नि (ní)
down
गृह्णातु (gr̥hṇātu)
may he press/grasp
तां (tā́m)
it
पूषा (pūṣā́)
Pusan (deity of nourishment and protection)
अनु (ánu)
along/following
यच्छतु (yachatu)
may he guide/direct
सा (sā́)
it
नः (naḥ)
for us
पयस्वती (páyasvatī)
rich in milk/nourishing
दुहाम् (duhām)
may it yield/give milk
उत्तरामुत्तरां (úttarām-uttarām)
successive/each following
समाम् (sámām)
year
Stanza 4.57.8
शु॒नं नः॒ फाला॒ वि कृ॑षन्तु॒ भूमिं॑ शु॒नं की॒नाशा॑ अ॒भि य॑न्तु वा॒हैः | शु॒नं प॒र्जन्यो॒ मधु॑ना॒ पयो॑भिः॒ शुना॑सीरा शु॒नम॒स्मासु॑ धत्तम् ||
śunáṁ naḥ phā́lā ví kr̥ṣantu bhū́miṁ śunáṁ kīnā́śā abhí yantu vāhaíḥ śunám parjányo mádhunā páyobhiḥ śúnāsīrā śunám asmā́su dhattam
May the ploughshares turn the soil happily for us. May the ploughmen advance happily with the draft animals. May Parjanya (rain god) with sweetness and milk be happy for us. O Śuna and Sira, grant happiness to us.
This final verse is a comprehensive blessing for the agricultural process, invoking prosperity and ease at every step. It wishes for the ploughshares to turn the soil effectively, for the ploughmen and their oxen to move forward smoothly, and for Parjanya (the rain god) to bring rain that is sweet and life-giving. The verse concludes with a direct plea to the deities Śuna and Sira to bestow auspiciousness and well-being upon the people.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. शुणं नः फालाः वि कृषन्तु भूमिं śunám naḥ phā́lāḥ ví kr̥ṣantu bhū́mim (11 syllables)
- B. शुणं कीनाशः अभि यन्तु वाहैः śunám kīnā́śāḥ abhí yantu vāhaíḥ (11 syllables)
- C. शुणं पर्जन्यः मधुना पयोभिः śunám parjányaḥ mádhunā páyobhiḥ (11 syllables)
- D. शुनासीरा शुणं अस्मासु धत्तं śúnāsīrā śunám asmā́su dhattam (11 syllables)
शुणं (śunám)
happily/auspiciously
नः (naḥ)
for us
फालाः (phā́lāḥ)
ploughshares
वि (ví)
apart/outward
कृषन्तु (kr̥ṣantu)
may they plough/till
भूमिं (bhū́mim)
earth/soil
शुणं (śunám)
happily/auspiciously
कीनाशः (kīnā́śāḥ)
ploughmen
अभि (abhí)
towards/forward
यन्तु (yantu)
may they go
वाहैः (vāhaíḥ)
with draft animals
शुणं (śunám)
happily/auspiciously
पर्जन्यः (parjányaḥ)
Parjanya (god of rain)
मधुना (mádhunā)
with sweetness
पयोभिः (páyobhiḥ)
with milk/waters
शुनासीरा (śúnāsīrā)
O Śuna and Sira
शुणं (śunám)
happily/auspiciously
अस्मासु (asmā́su)
in us/among us
धत्तं (dhattam)
may you (dual) bestow/place