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Stanza 4.56.1
म॒ही द्यावा॑पृथि॒वी इ॒ह ज्येष्ठे॑ रु॒चा भ॑वतां शु॒चय॑द्भिर॒र्कैः | यत्सीं॒ वरि॑ष्ठे बृह॒ती वि॑मि॒न्वन्रु॒वद्धो॒क्षा प॑प्रथा॒नेभि॒रेवैः॑ ||
mahī́ dyā́vāpr̥thivī́ ihá jyéṣṭhe rucā́ bhavatāṁ śucáyadbhir arkaíḥ yát sīṁ váriṣṭhe br̥hatī́ viminván ruvád dhokṣā́ paprathānébhir évaiḥ
May the great Heaven and Earth, the most supreme, be present here with their radiant splendours. As they are being established, vast and immense, the bull roars loudly with far-reaching might.
This verse is a prayer to the mighty dual deities, Heaven and Earth (Dyāvāpṛthivī). It invokes their presence and blessings, describing them as the greatest and most luminous. The stanza likens their creative power or dynamic presence to a 'steer' (bull) roaring, suggesting immense power and far-reaching influence as they establish and sustain the cosmic order. The 'lights' and 'splendours' can refer to celestial phenomena or the divine radiance they possess.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. म॒ही द्यावा॑पृथि॒वी इ॒ह ज्ये॒ष्ठे mahī́ dyā́vāpr̥thivī́ ihá jyéṣṭhe (11 syllables)
- B. रु॒चा भ॑वतां शु॒चय॑द्भिर अ॒र्कैः rucā́ bhavatām śucáyadbhiḥ arkaíḥ (11 syllables)
- C. यत् सीं वरि॑ष्ठे बृ॒ह॒ती विमि॒न्वन yát sīm váriṣṭhe br̥hatī́ viminván (11 syllables)
- D. रु॒वद्धो क्सा पप्र॑था नेभि॒रेवैः ruvát ha ukṣā́ paprathānébhiḥ évaiḥ (11 syllables)
म॒ही (mahī́)
great, mighty
द्यावा॑पृथि॒वी (dyā́vāpr̥thivī́)
Heaven and Earth
इ॒ह (ihá)
here
ज्ये॒ष्ठे (jyéṣṭhe)
eldest, greatest, supreme
रु॒चा (rucā́)
with light, radiance
भ॑वतां (bhavatām)
may you be
शु॒चय॑द्भिर (śucáyadbhiḥ)
making bright, shining
अ॒र्कैः (arkaíḥ)
with praises, hymns, or splendours
यत् (yát)
when, as
सीं (sīm)
them
वरि॑ष्ठे (váriṣṭhe)
most extensive, vast
बृ॒ह॒ती (br̥hatī́)
vast, large
विमि॒न्वन (viminván)
establishing, setting in order
रु॒वद्धो (ruvát)
roaring, bellowing
क्सा (ha)
particle indicating emphasis or a statement
पप्र॑था (ukṣā́)
bull, steer (symbol of strength)
नेभि॒रेवैः (paprathānébhiḥ)
with far-reaching spread
(évaiḥ)
with powers or courses
Stanza 4.56.2
दे॒वी दे॒वेभि॑र्यज॒ते यज॑त्रै॒रमि॑नती तस्थतुरु॒क्षमा॑णे | ऋ॒ताव॑री अ॒द्रुहा॑ दे॒वपु॑त्रे य॒ज्ञस्य॑ ने॒त्री शु॒चय॑द्भिर॒र्कैः ||
devī́ devébhir yajaté yájatrair áminatī tasthatur ukṣámāṇe r̥tā́varī adrúhā deváputre yajñásya netrī́ śucáyadbhir arkaíḥ
The twin Goddesses, with the Gods, are revered and stand in their divine rain-pouring nature. Ever-truthful and guileless, mothers of the gods, they are the leaders of the sacrifice, radiant with splendours.
This verse continues the praise of Heaven and Earth, now addressed as divine consorts (Devī). They are described as participating in the ritual ('yajate', 'yajatraiḥ') alongside the gods, actively showering blessings or rain ('ukṣamāṇe'). Their nature is characterized as eternally true ('ṛtāvarī') and free from deceit ('adrūhā'). As the 'mother of gods' ('devaputre') and 'leaders of sacrifice' ('yajñasya netrī'), they guide and uphold the sacred rites with their pure ('śucayadbhiḥ') and resplendent ('arkaiḥ') presence.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. दे॒वी दे॒वेभि॑ यज॒ते यज॒त्रैः devī́ devébhiḥ yajaté yájatraiḥ (11 syllables)
- B. अमि॑नती तस्थतुरु उक्षमा॑णे áminatī tasthatuḥ ukṣámāṇe (11 syllables)
- C. ऋ॒ताव॑री अ॒द्रुहा दे॒वपु॑त्रे r̥tā́varī adrúhā deváputre (11 syllables)
- D. य॒ज्ञस्य ने॒त्री शु॒चय॑द्भिर अ॒र्कैः yajñásya netrī́ śucáyadbhiḥ arkaíḥ (11 syllables)
दे॒वी (devī́)
goddesses
दे॒वेभि॑ (devébhiḥ)
with the gods
यज॒ते (yajaté)
revered, worshipped
यज॒त्रैः (yájatraiḥ)
worthy of worship, divine
अमि॑नती (áminatī)
unerring, not failing
तस्थतुरु (tasthatuḥ)
they stood
उक्षमा॑णे (ukṣámāṇe)
raining, showering (like a bull)
ऋ॒ताव॑री (r̥tā́varī)
observing truth, righteous
अ॒द्रुहा (adrúhā)
guileless, not deceiving
दे॒वपु॑त्रे (deváputre)
having gods as children
य॒ज्ञस्य (yajñásya)
of the sacrifice
ने॒त्री (netrī́)
leaders, guides
शु॒चय॑द्भिर (śucáyadbhiḥ)
making bright, purifying
अ॒र्कैः (arkaíḥ)
with praises, hymns, or splendours
Stanza 4.56.3
स इत्स्वपा॒ भुव॑नेष्वास॒ य इ॒मे द्यावा॑पृथि॒वी ज॒जान॑ | उ॒र्वी ग॑भी॒रे रज॑सी सु॒मेके॑ अवं॒शे धीरः॒ शच्या॒ समै॑रत् ||
sá ít svápā bhúvaneṣv āsa yá imé dyā́vāpr̥thivī́ jajā́na urvī́ gabhīré rájasī suméke avaṁśé dhī́raḥ śácyā sám airat
He who produced these twin Heaven and Earth was indeed a skillful craftsman in the worlds. The wise one, with his power, brought together the spacious and deep realms, well-fashioned and unsupported.
This verse identifies the divine creator, the one who skillfully brought into existence the dual entities of Heaven and Earth. It emphasizes his inherent power ('svapāḥ') and presence ('āsa') throughout the worlds ('bhuvaneṣu'). He is depicted as a wise ('dhīraḥ') and capable craftsman ('svapāḥ') who, with his might ('śacyā'), brought together and fashioned the two vast, deep, and well-formed realms ('urvī gabhīre', 'rajasī sumeke'), which are unsupported ('avaṁśe'), highlighting the miraculous nature of creation.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. स इत् स्वपा॒ भुव॑नेषु आ॒स sáḥ ít svápāḥ bhúvaneṣu āsa (11 syllables)
- B. य इ॒मे द्यावा॑पृथि॒वी ज॒जान yáḥ imé dyā́vāpr̥thivī́ jajā́na (11 syllables)
- C. उ॒र्वी ग॒भी॒रे रज॑सी सु॒मेके॑ urvī́ gabhīré rájasī suméke (11 syllables)
- D. अव॒ंशे धीरः श॒च्या समै रत् avaṃśé dhī́raḥ śácyā sám airat (11 syllables)
स (sáḥ)
he
इत् (ít)
indeed, truly
स्वपा॒ (svápāḥ)
skillful creator, with good strength
भुव॑नेषु (bhúvaneṣu)
in the worlds, in the existences
आ॒स (āsa)
was, existed
य (yáḥ)
who
इ॒मे (imé)
these
द्यावा॑पृथि॒वी (dyā́vāpr̥thivī́)
Heaven and Earth
ज॒जान (jajā́na)
he produced, begot
उ॒र्वी (urvī́)
vast, wide (dual)
ग॒भी॒रे (gabhīré)
deep (dual)
रज॑सी (rájasī)
realms, spaces (dual)
सु॒मेके॑ (suméke)
well-fashioned, well-made (dual)
अव॒ंशे (avaṃśé)
unsupported, without a prop
धीरः (dhī́raḥ)
wise, strong, thoughtful
श॒च्या (śácyā)
by might, by power
समै (sám)
together
रत् (airat)
he brought together, he fashioned
Stanza 4.56.4
नू रो॑दसी बृ॒हद्भि॑र्नो॒ वरू॑थैः॒ पत्नी॑वद्भिरि॒षय॑न्ती स॒जोषाः॑ | उ॒रू॒ची विश्वे॑ यज॒ते नि पा॑तं धि॒या स्या॑म र॒थ्यः॑ सदा॒साः ||
nū́ rodasī br̥hádbhir no várūthaiḥ pátnīvadbhir iṣáyantī sajóṣāḥ urūcī́ víśve yajaté ní pātaṁ dhiyā́ syāma rathyàḥ sadāsā́ḥ
O Heaven and Earth, may you protect us with your great defences and queenly presence, fulfilling our desires. Universally active and in accord, may we, through wisdom, always be chariot-riders and triumphant.
This verse is an invocation to Heaven and Earth to protect the devotees. It asks them, addressed as 'Rodasī' (the dual entities), to guard us ('naḥ') with their great ('br̥hadbhiḥ') and protective ('varūthaiḥ') powers, acting like queens ('patnīvadbhiḥ') and fulfilling desires ('iṣayantī'). They are invoked as being universally active ('viśve'), in accord ('sajoṣāḥ'), and divine ('yajaté'). The prayer concludes with a wish for the devotees to be protected and successful, like those who ride in chariots ('rathyaḥ') and are always victorious ('sadāsāḥ'), through wisdom ('dhiyā') and divine aid.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. नू रोदसी बृ॒ह॒द्भिः नो वरू॑थैः nú + rodasī br̥hádbhiḥ naḥ várūthaiḥ (11 syllables)
- B. पत्नी॑वद्भिरि षय॑न्ती स॒जोषाः pátnīvadbhiḥ iṣáyantī sajóṣāḥ (11 syllables)
- C. उ॒रू॒ची विश्वे॑ य॒ज॒ते नि पातं urūcī́ víśve yajaté ní pātam (11 syllables)
- D. धि॒या स्याम रथ्यः सदा॒साः dhiyā́ syāma rathyàḥ sadāsā́ḥ (11 syllables)
नू (nú +)
now, at this time
रोदसी (rodasī)
O Heaven and Earth
बृ॒ह॒द्भिः (br̥hádbhiḥ)
great, extensive
नो (naḥ)
us
वरू॑थैः (várūthaiḥ)
with protections, coverings
पत्नी॑वद्भिरि (pátnīvadbhiḥ)
like queens, with protecting wives
षय॑न्ती (iṣáyantī)
wishing, fulfilling desires
स॒जोषाः (sajóṣāḥ)
in accord, of one mind
उ॒रू॒ची (urūcī́)
far-reaching, extensive (dual)
विश्वे॑ (víśve)
all, universal (dual)
य॒ज॒ते (yajaté)
revered, divine
नि (ní)
down, protect
पातं (pātam)
protect, guard (imperative dual)
धि॒या (dhiyā́)
by wisdom, by thought
स्याम (syāma)
may we be
रथ्यः (rathyàḥ)
chariot-riders, skillful
सदा॒साः (sadāsā́ḥ)
always abiding, victorious
Stanza 4.56.5
प्र वां॒ महि॒ द्यवी॑ अ॒भ्युप॑स्तुतिं भरामहे | शुची॒ उप॒ प्रश॑स्तये ||
prá vām máhi dyávī abhy úpastutim bharāmahe śúcī úpa práśastaye
We bring forth to you both, O Heaven and Earth, our great and pure hymns for your praise.
In this verse, the worshippers address Heaven and Earth directly, expressing their devotion. They declare that they bring forth ('bharāmahe') their own great ('mahi') and pure ('śucī') praises and hymns ('upāpastutim') towards the dual deities. This offering is made specifically for the purpose of glorification ('praśastaye'), to extol their divine qualities and cosmic significance.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. प्र वां महि द्यवी॑ अ॒भि prá vām máhi dyávī abhí (8 syllables)
- B. उप॑स्तुतिं भरामहे úpastutim bharāmahe (8 syllables)
- C. शु॒ची उप प्रश॑स्तये śúcī úpa práśastaye (8 syllables)
प्र (prá)
forth, forward
वां (vām)
to you two
महि (máhi)
great
द्यवी॑ (dyávī)
O Heaven and Earth (dual)
अ॒भि (abhí)
towards
उप॑स्तुतिं (úpastutim)
praise, eulogy
भरामहे (bharāmahe)
we bring, we offer
शु॒ची (śúcī)
pure ones (dual)
उप (úpa)
towards, for
प्रश॑स्तये (práśastaye)
for praise, for glorification
Stanza 4.56.6
पु॒ना॒ने त॒न्वा॑ मि॒थः स्वेन॒ दक्षे॑ण राजथः | ऊ॒ह्याथे॑ स॒नादृ॒तम् ||
punāné tanvāā̀ mitháḥ svéna dákṣeṇa rājathaḥ ūhyā́the sanā́d r̥tám
Purifying each other in essence, you rule by your own strength, carrying forward the eternal order.
This verse describes the reciprocal relationship and divine ruling power of Heaven and Earth. They are said to purify each other ('punāne mithah') through their essence ('tanvā') and to reign ('rājathaḥ') by their own inherent ability or strength ('svéna dakṣeṇa'). The phrase 'ūhyāthe sanādr̥tam' suggests they carry forward ('ūhyāthe') the eternal ('sanāt') cosmic order or truth ('r̥tam'), implying their consistent and foundational role in maintaining the universe.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. पु॒ना॒ने त॒न्वा मि॒थः punāné tanvā̀ mithás (8 syllables)
- B. स्वेन दक्षे॑ण राजथः svéna dákṣeṇa rājathaḥ (8 syllables)
- C. ऊ॒ह्याथे स॒नादृ तम् ūhyā́the sanā́t r̥tám (8 syllables)
पु॒ना॒ने (punāné)
purifying
त॒न्वा (tanvā̀)
in essence, in form (dual)
मि॒थः (mithás)
mutually, each other
स्वेन (svéna)
by your own
दक्षे॑ण (dákṣeṇa)
by might, by ability
राजथः (rājathaḥ)
you rule (dual)
ऊ॒ह्याथे (ūhyā́the)
you carry, you uphold (dual)
स॒नादृ (sanā́t)
from of old, eternally
तम् (r̥tám)
the cosmic order, truth
Stanza 4.56.7
म॒ही मि॒त्रस्य॑ साधथ॒स्तर॑न्ती॒ पिप्र॑ती ऋ॒तम् | परि॑ य॒ज्ञं नि षे॑दथुः ||
mahī́ mitrásya sādhathas tárantī pípratī r̥tám pári yajñáṁ ní ṣedathuḥ
Mighty ones, you further and fulfill the Law of Mitra, and you sit around our sacrifice.
This verse highlights the active and supportive role of Heaven and Earth. They are described as 'Mighty' ('mahī') and actively 'furthering' ('sādhathaḥ') and 'fulfilling' ('pipratī') Mitra's cosmic law or truth ('ṛtam'). The dual deities are shown to be present and engaged, 'sitting around' ('parī niṣedathuḥ') the sacrifice ('yajñam'), indicating their protective presence and participation in the ritual, ensuring its success and the maintenance of order.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. म॒ही मि॒त्रस्य सा॒धथ mahī́ mitrásya sādhathaḥ (8 syllables)
- B. स्तर॑न्ती पिप्र॑ती ऋ॒तम् tárantī pípratī r̥tám (8 syllables)
- C. परि य॒ज्ञं नि षेषे॑धथुः pári yajñám ní sedathuḥ (8 syllables)
म॒ही (mahī́)
mighty, great (dual)
मि॒त्रस्य (mitrásya)
of Mitra (the god of cosmic order and friendship)
सा॒धथ (sādhathaḥ)
you accomplish, you further (dual)
स्तर॑न्ती (tárantī)
crossing over, transcending, furthering
पिप्र॑ती (pípratī)
filling, fulfilling
ऋ॒तम् (r̥tám)
the cosmic order, truth
परि (pári)
around
य॒ज्ञं (yajñám)
the sacrifice
नि (ní)
down, in
षेषे॑धथुः (sedathuḥ)
you sat, you settled (dual)