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Stanza 4.55.1
को व॑स्त्रा॒ता व॑सवः॒ को व॑रू॒ता द्यावा॑भूमी अदिते॒ त्रासी॑थां नः | सही॑यसो वरुण मित्र॒ मर्ता॒त्को वो॑ऽध्व॒रे वरि॑वो धाति देवाः ||
kó vas trātā́ vasavaḥ kó varūtā́ dyā́vābhūmī adite trā́sīthāṁ naḥ sáhīyaso varuṇa mitra mártāt kó vo 'dhvaré várivo dhāti devāḥ
O Vasus, who is the savior? Who protects? O Heaven and Earth, O Aditi, preserve us from the stronger mortal! O Varuna, Mitra, and you gods, who provides comfort at the sacrifice?
The devotee questions who among the Vasus can save them, and who protects. They plead to Heaven, Earth, and Aditi to preserve them from a stronger mortal, and ask which of the gods will grant them succor at the sacrifice.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. को व वस्त्राता वसवः को वरूता káḥ vaḥ trātā́ vasavaḥ káḥ varūtā́ (11 syllables)
- B. द्यावाभूमी अदिते त्रासीथां नः dyā́vābhūmī adite trā́sīthām naḥ (11 syllables)
- C. सहीयसो वरुण मित्र मर्त् sáhīyasaḥ varuṇa mitra mártāt (11 syllables)
- D. को व अध्वरे धाति देवाः káḥ vaḥ adhvaré várivaḥ dhāti devāḥ (11 syllables)
को (káḥ)
who
व (vaḥ)
for you
वस्त्राता (trātā́)
savior
वसवः (vasavaḥ)
O Vasus
को (káḥ)
who
वरूता (varūtā́)
protector
द्यावाभूमी (dyā́vābhūmī)
O Heaven and Earth
अदिते (adite)
O Aditi
त्रासीथां (trā́sīthām)
preserve (dual)
नः (naḥ)
us
सहीयसो (sáhīyasaḥ)
from the stronger
वरुण (varuṇa)
O Varuna
मित्र (mitra)
O Mitra
मर्त् (mártāt)
from the mortal
को (káḥ)
who
व (vaḥ)
for you
अध्वरे (adhvaré)
at the sacrifice
(várivaḥ)
धाति (dhāti)
gives, provides
देवाः (devāḥ)
O gods
Stanza 4.55.2
प्र ये धामा॑नि पू॒र्व्याण्यर्चा॒न्वि यदु॒च्छान्वि॑यो॒तारो॒ अमू॑राः | वि॒धा॒तारो॒ वि ते द॑धु॒रज॑स्रा ऋ॒तधी॑तयो रुरुचन्त द॒स्माः ||
prá yé dhā́māni pūrvyā́ṇy árcān ví yád uchā́n viyotā́ro ámūrāḥ vidhātā́ro ví té dadhur ájasrā r̥tádhītayo rurucanta dasmā́ḥ
They who, with praises, honor the ancient dwellings and decrees, who, as they shine forth, are infallible dividers and ordainers, they have established them. Perpetual in their order, these brilliant beings, with righteous understanding, have shone forth.
Those who praise the ancient divine laws and ordinances, who shine forth as unwavering dividers of what is right, and as perpetual ordainers, have established them. These luminous beings, endowed with righteous understanding, have shone forth brilliantly.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. प्र ये धामा पूर्व्याणि अर्चा prá yé dhā́māni pūrvyā́ṇi árcān (11 syllables)
- B. वि य उच्छान् वियोतारो अमूर ví yát uchā́n viyotā́raḥ ámūrāḥ (11 syllables)
- C. विधातारो वि ते दधु अजस्रा vidhātā́raḥ ví té dadhuḥ ájasrāḥ (11 syllables)
- D. ऋतधीतयो रुरुचन्त दस्माः r̥tádhītayaḥ rurucanta dasmā́ḥ (11 syllables)
प्र (prá)
forth, onward
ये (yé)
they who
धामा (dhā́māni)
dwellings, abodes, laws
पूर्व्याणि (pūrvyā́ṇi)
ancient
अर्चा (árcān)
praise, honor
वि (ví)
apart
य (yát)
which, what
उच्छान् (uchā́n)
shine forth
वियोतारो (viyotā́raḥ)
dividers, separators
अमूर (ámūrāḥ)
unfailing, immortal
विधातारो (vidhātā́raḥ)
ordainers, establishers
वि (ví)
apart
ते (té)
they
दधु (dadhuḥ)
placed, established
अजस्रा (ájasrāḥ)
perpetual, eternal
ऋतधीतयो (r̥tádhītayaḥ)
having righteous understanding
रुरुचन्त (rurucanta)
shone brightly
दस्माः (dasmā́ḥ)
wondrous, brilliant
Stanza 4.55.3
प्र प॒स्त्या॒३॒॑मदि॑तिं॒ सिन्धु॑म॒र्कैः स्व॒स्तिमी॑ळे स॒ख्याय॑ दे॒वीम् | उ॒भे यथा॑ नो॒ अह॑नी नि॒पात॑ उ॒षासा॒नक्ता॑ करता॒मद॑ब्धे ||
prá pastyāā̀m áditiṁ síndhum arkaíḥ svastím īḷe sakhyā́ya devī́m ubhé yáthā no áhanī nipā́ta uṣā́sānáktā karatām ádabdhe
I invoke with praises the domestic goddess Aditi, the river Sindhu, and the goddess Svasti for friendship. May the two, Night and Dawn, unimpeded, protect us both day and night.
The speaker implores the divine mother Aditi, the river Sindhu, and the goddess Svasti for friendship, asking them to come forth. They also request that Night and Dawn, as a pair, provide protection both day and night.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. प्र पस्त्या अदितिं सिन्धुम अर्कैः prá pastyā̀m áditim síndhum arkaíḥ (11 syllables)
- B. स्वस्ति ईळे सख्याय देवी svastím īḷe sakhyā́ya devī́m (11 syllables)
- C. उभे यथा नः अहनी निपाता ubhé yáthā naḥ áhanī nipā́taḥ (11 syllables)
- D. उषासानक्ता करताम अदब्धे uṣā́sānáktā karatām ádabdhe (11 syllables)
प्र (prá)
forth
पस्त्या (pastyā̀m)
domestic, household
अदितिं (áditim)
Aditi
सिन्धुम (síndhum)
the river Sindhu
अर्कैः (arkaíḥ)
with praises, hymns
स्वस्ति (svastím)
welfare, prosperity
ईळे (īḷe)
I invoke, I praise
सख्याय (sakhyā́ya)
for friendship
देवी (devī́m)
the goddess
उभे (ubhé)
both
यथा (yáthā)
as
नः (naḥ)
us
अहनी (áhanī)
day and night
निपाता (nipā́taḥ)
protect, watch over
उषासानक्ता (uṣā́sānáktā)
Dawn and Night
करताम (karatām)
may they perform, may they make
अदब्धे (ádabdhe)
unobstructed, unfailing
Stanza 4.55.4
व्य॑र्य॒मा वरु॑णश्चेति॒ पन्था॑मि॒षस्पतिः॑ सुवि॒तं गा॒तुम॒ग्निः | इन्द्रा॑विष्णू नृ॒वदु॒ षु स्तवा॑ना॒ शर्म॑ नो यन्त॒मम॑व॒द्वरू॑थम् ||
vy àryamā́ váruṇaś ceti pánthām iṣás pátiḥ suvitáṁ gātúm agníḥ índrāviṣṇū nr̥vád u ṣú stávānā śárma no yantam ámavad várūtham
Aryaman and Varuṇa have disclosed the path; Agni, the lord of provisions, the way to prosperity. May Indra and Vishnu, praised with manly strength, bring us their powerful protection and shelter.
The hymn states that Aryaman and Varuna have revealed the path. Agni, as the Lord of Sustenance, provides a prosperous way. The speaker prays that Indra and Vishnu, praised with manly vigor, may bring them protection and shelter.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. वि अर्यमा वरु चेति पन्था ví aryamā́ váruṇaḥ ceti pánthām (11 syllables)
- B. इष पति सुवित्त गातुम अग्नि iṣáḥ pátiḥ suvitám gātúm agníḥ (11 syllables)
- C. इन्द्राविष्णू नृव उ सु स्तवाना índrāviṣṇū nr̥vát u sú stávānā (11 syllables)
- D. शर्म नः यन्त अमव वरूथ śárma naḥ yantam ámavat várūtham (11 syllables)
वि (ví)
apart, open
अर्यमा (aryamā́)
Aryaman
वरु (váruṇaḥ)
Varuna
चेति (ceti)
perceived, revealed
पन्था (pánthām)
path, way
इष (iṣáḥ)
of food, provisions
पति (pátiḥ)
lord, master
सुवित्त (suvitám)
good fortune, prosperity
गातुम (gātúm)
path, way
अग्नि (agníḥ)
Agni
इन्द्राविष्णू (índrāviṣṇū)
O Indra and Vishnu
नृव (nr̥vát)
manly, heroic
उ (u)
and
सु (sú)
well, indeed
स्तवाना (stávānā)
being praised
शर्म (śárma)
protection, shelter
नः (naḥ)
to us
यन्त (yantam)
may they bring
अमव (ámavat)
powerful, strong
वरूथ (várūtham)
shelter, defense
Stanza 4.55.5
आ पर्व॑तस्य म॒रुता॒मवां॑सि दे॒वस्य॑ त्रा॒तुर॑व्रि॒ भग॑स्य | पात्पति॒र्जन्या॒दंह॑सो नो मि॒त्रो मि॒त्रिया॑दु॒त न॑ उरुष्येत् ||
ā́ párvatasya marútām ávāṁsi devásya trātúr avri bhágasya pā́t pátir jányād áṁhaso no mitró mitríyād utá na uruṣyet
I have invoked the favor of the Maruts, Parvata, and the god Bhaga, the protector. May he protect us from harm caused by mortals; may Mitra protect us from misfortune caused by a friend.
The speaker has invoked the favor of the Maruts, Parvata, and the god Bhaga, who is the protector. They ask that this Lord protect them from harm caused by humans, and that Mitra protect them from woes originating from a friend.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. आ पर्वतस्य मरुताम अवांसि ā́ párvatasya marútām ávāṃsi (11 syllables)
- B. देवस्य त्रातुः अव्रि भगस्य devásya trātúḥ avri bhágasya (11 syllables)
- C. पात् पतिः जन्याद अंहसो नः pā́t pátiḥ jányāt áṃhasaḥ naḥ (11 syllables)
- D. मित्रः मित्रिया उत नः उरुष्येत् mitráḥ mitríyāt utá naḥ uruṣyet (11 syllables)
आ (ā́)
to
पर्वतस्य (párvatasya)
of Parvata
मरुताम (marútām)
of the Maruts
अवांसि (ávāṃsi)
favors, protections
देवस्य (devásya)
of the god
त्रातुः (trātúḥ)
of the protector
अव्रि (avri)
I invoked, I sought
भगस्य (bhágasya)
of Bhaga
पात् (pā́t)
may he protect
पतिः (pátiḥ)
the lord
जन्याद (jányāt)
from mortals, from man
अंहसो (áṃhasaḥ)
from distress, from trouble
नः (naḥ)
us
मित्रः (mitráḥ)
Mitra
मित्रिया (mitríyāt)
from a friend
उत (utá)
and
नः (naḥ)
us
उरुष्येत् (uruṣyet)
may he protect, may he rescue
Stanza 4.55.6
नू रो॑दसी॒ अहि॑ना बु॒ध्न्ये॑न स्तुवी॒त दे॑वी॒ अप्ये॑भिरि॒ष्टैः | स॒मु॒द्रं न सं॒चर॑णे सनि॒ष्यवो॑ घ॒र्मस्व॑रसो न॒द्यो॒३॒॑ अप॑ व्रन् ||
nū́ rodasī áhinā budhnyèna stuvītá devī ápyebhir iṣṭaíḥ samudráṁ ná saṁcáraṇe saniṣyávo gharmásvaraso nadyò ápa vran
O Heaven and Earth, with Ahibudhnya, praise along with these watery oblations. As if to gain the sea, the Gharma-heaters have made the rivers flow forth.
The hymn urges Heaven and Earth, along with Ahibudhnya, to praise together with their offerings. It then describes how the Gharma-heaters, as if to reach the ocean, caused the rivers to flow forth.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. नू रोदसी अहिना बुध्न्ये nú + rodasī áhinā budhnyèna (11 syllables)
- B. स्तुवीत देवी अध्येभिः इष्टैः stuvītá devī ápyebhiḥ iṣṭaíḥ (11 syllables)
- C. समुद्रं न संचर सनिष्यवो samudrám ná saṃcáraṇe saniṣyávaḥ (12 syllables)
- D. घर्मस्व नद्यः अप व्र gharmásvarasaḥ nadyàḥ ápa vran (11 syllables)
नू (nú +)
now, indeed
रोदसी (rodasī)
O Heaven and Earth
अहिना (áhinā)
with Ahi
बुध्न्ये (budhnyèna)
with Budhnya
स्तुवीत (stuvītá)
may you praise
देवी (devī)
O Goddesses
अध्येभिः (ápyebhiḥ)
with these watery
इष्टैः (iṣṭaíḥ)
oblations, offerings
समुद्रं (samudrám)
the ocean
न (ná)
as if
संचर (saṃcáraṇe)
in going, in moving
सनिष्यवो (saniṣyávaḥ)
desiring to win
घर्मस्व (gharmásvarasaḥ)
Gharma-heaters (those who heat the Gharma vessel)
नद्यः (nadyàḥ)
rivers
अप (ápa)
forth
व्र (vran)
they opened, they made flow
Stanza 4.55.7
दे॒वैर्नो॑ दे॒व्यदि॑ति॒र्नि पा॑तु दे॒वस्त्रा॒ता त्रा॑यता॒मप्र॑युच्छन् | न॒हि मि॒त्रस्य॒ वरु॑णस्य धा॒सिमर्हा॑मसि प्र॒मियं॒ सान्व॒ग्नेः ||
devaír no devy áditir ní pātu devás trātā́ trāyatām áprayuchan nahí mitrásya váruṇasya dhāsím árhāmasi pramíyaṁ sā́nv agnéḥ
May the goddess Aditi, with the gods, protect us; may the divine savior protect us without fail. Indeed, we cannot diminish the share of Mitra and Varuṇa, nor neglect Agni.
The devotee prays that the goddess Aditi, along with the gods, may protect them. They also ask the divine protector to save them without fail. They affirm that they are unable to diminish the sacred food offered to Mitra and Varuna, placing it on Agni.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. देव नः देवी अदिति नि पातु devaíḥ naḥ devī́ áditiḥ ní pātu (11 syllables)
- B. देव त्राता त्रायताम अप्रयुच्छ deváḥ trātā́ trāyatām áprayuchan (11 syllables)
- C. नहि मित्रस्य वरुणस्य धासिम nahí mitrásya váruṇasya dhāsím (11 syllables)
- D. अर्हामसि प्रमिय सानु अग्नेः árhāmasi pramíyam sā́nu agnéḥ (11 syllables)
देव (devaíḥ)
with the gods
नः (naḥ)
us
देवी (devī́)
the goddess
अदिति (áditiḥ)
Aditi
नि (ní)
down, protect
पातु (pātu)
may she protect
देव (deváḥ)
the god
त्राता (trātā́)
the savior
त्रायताम (trāyatām)
may he protect
अप्रयुच्छ (áprayuchan)
unfailing, without slackening
नहि (nahí)
indeed not
मित्रस्य (mitrásya)
of Mitra
वरुणस्य (váruṇasya)
of Varuna
धासिम (dhāsím)
portion, share (of food)
अर्हामसि (árhāmasi)
we are able, we can
प्रमिय (pramíyam)
to diminish, to lessen
सानु (sā́nu)
upon, on the back of
अग्नेः (agnéḥ)
of Agni
Stanza 4.55.8
अ॒ग्निरी॑शे वस॒व्य॑स्या॒ग्निर्म॒हः सौभ॑गस्य | तान्य॒स्मभ्यं॑ रासते ||
agnír īśe vasavyàsyāgnír maháḥ saúbhagasya tā́ny asmábhyaṁ rāsate
Agni is the lord of wealth; Agni is of great prosperity. May he bestow these upon us.
Agni is declared the sovereign lord of wealth and great prosperity. The hymn expresses a wish that these riches may be bestowed upon the devotees by Agni.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. अग्नि ईशे वसव्यस्य agníḥ īśe vasavyàsya (8 syllables)
- B. अग्नि महः सौभगस्य agníḥ maháḥ saúbhagasya (8 syllables)
- C. तानि अस्मभ्यं रासते tā́ni asmábhyam rāsate (8 syllables)
अग्नि (agníḥ)
Agni
ईशे (īśe)
rules, presides over
वसव्यस्य (vasavyàsya)
of wealth, of possessions
अग्नि (agníḥ)
Agni
महः (maháḥ)
of great
सौभगस्य (saúbhagasya)
of prosperity, good fortune
तानि (tā́ni)
these (things)
अस्मभ्यं (asmábhyam)
to us
रासते (rāsate)
may he bestow, may he give
Stanza 4.55.9
उषो॑ मघो॒न्या व॑ह॒ सूनृ॑ते॒ वार्या॑ पु॒रु | अ॒स्मभ्यं॑ वाजिनीवति ||
úṣo maghony ā́ vaha sū́nr̥te vā́ryā purú asmábhyaṁ vājinīvati
O rich and pleasant Dawn, O possessor of abundance, bring many desirable things to us.
The devotee addresses the dawn, calling her rich, pleasing, and full of abundance. They request her to bring many desirable things for them.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. उषः मघो आ व úṣaḥ maghoni ā́ vaha (8 syllables)
- B. सूनृते वार्या पु sū́nr̥te vā́ryā purú (8 syllables)
- C. अस्मभ्यं वाजिनीवति asmábhyam vājinīvati (8 syllables)
उषः (úṣaḥ)
O Dawn
मघो (maghoni)
O rich, O bountiful
आ (ā́)
hither
व (vaha)
bring
सूनृते (sū́nr̥te)
O pleasant, O gracious
वार्या (vā́ryā)
desirable things, possessions
पु (purú)
many
अस्मभ्यं (asmábhyam)
to us
वाजिनीवति (vājinīvati)
O possessor of abundance
Stanza 4.55.10
तत्सु नः॑ सवि॒ता भगो॒ वरु॑णो मि॒त्रो अ॑र्य॒मा | इन्द्रो॑ नो॒ राध॒सा ग॑मत् ||
tát sú naḥ savitā́ bhágo váruṇo mitró aryamā́ índro no rā́dhasā́ gamat
May Savitar, Bhaga, Varuṇa, Mitra, Aryaman, and Indra come to us with their bounty.
The devotee invokes Savitar, Bhaga, Varuna, Mitra, Aryaman, and Indra, asking them to come with their blessings and gifts.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. तत् सु नः सविता भगो tát sú naḥ savitā́ bhágaḥ (8 syllables)
- B. वरु मित्र अर्यमा váruṇaḥ mitráḥ aryamā́ (8 syllables)
- C. इन्द्रो नः राधसा आ गम índraḥ naḥ rā́dhasā ā́ gamat (8 syllables)
तत् (tát)
that
सु (sú)
well, indeed
नः (naḥ)
us
सविता (savitā́)
Savitar
भगो (bhágaḥ)
Bhaga
वरु (váruṇaḥ)
Varuna
मित्र (mitráḥ)
Mitra
अर्यमा (aryamā́)
Aryaman
इन्द्रो (índraḥ)
Indra
नः (naḥ)
us
राधसा (rā́dhasā)
with bounty, with gifts
आ (ā́)
to
गम (gamat)
may he come