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Stanza 4.15.1
अ॒ग्निर्होता॑ नो अध्व॒रे वा॒जी सन्परि॑ णीयते | दे॒वो दे॒वेषु॑ य॒ज्ञियः॑ ||
agnír hótā no adhvaré vājī́ sán pári ṇīyate devó devéṣu yajñíyaḥ
Agni, the priest and powerful one, like a swift horse, is led around our sacrifice. He is the divine one among gods, worthy of worship.
This hymn invokes Agni as the divine priest (Hotri), who, powerful like a horse, is led around during the sacrifice. He is described as a god among gods, worthy of worship, and essential for the ritual.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. अग्निः होता नः अध्वरे agníḥ hótā naḥ adhvaré (8 syllables)
- B. वाजी सन् परि नीयते vājī́ sán pári nīyate (8 syllables)
- C. देवः देवेषु यज्ञियः deváḥ devéṣu yajñíyaḥ (8 syllables)
अग्निः (agníḥ)
Agni, the fire god and divine priest
होता (hótā)
the invoker or priest who offers oblations
नः (naḥ)
our
अध्वरे (adhvaré)
at the sacrifice or during the ritual
वाजी (vājī́)
powerful, strong, like a horse
सन् (sán)
obtaining, winning
परि (pári)
around
नीयते (nīyate)
is led, is brought
देवः (deváḥ)
god
देवेषु (devéṣu)
among the gods
यज्ञियः (yajñíyaḥ)
worthy of worship, venerable
Stanza 4.15.2
परि॑ त्रिवि॒ष्ट्य॑ध्व॒रं यात्य॒ग्नी र॒थीरि॑व | आ दे॒वेषु॒ प्रयो॒ दध॑त् ||
pári triviṣṭy àdhvaráṁ yā́ty agnī́ rathī́r iva ā́ devéṣu práyo dádhat
Agni moves around the sacrifice thrice, like a charioteer, bringing the offerings to the gods.
Agni, like a skilled charioteer, moves around the sacrifice three times, carrying the offerings to the gods. This highlights his active role in mediating between humans and the divine.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. परि त्रिविष्टि अध्वरं pári triviṣṭí adhvarám (8 syllables)
- B. याति अग्निः रथीः इव yā́ti agníḥ rathī́ḥ iva (8 syllables)
- C. आ देवेषु प्रयः दधत् ā́ devéṣu práyaḥ dádhat (8 syllables)
परि (pári)
around
त्रिविष्टि (triviṣṭí)
three times, thrice
अध्वरं (adhvarám)
the sacrifice
याति (yā́ti)
goes, moves
अग्निः (agníḥ)
Agni
रथीः (rathī́ḥ)
charioteer
इव (iva)
like
आ (ā́)
up to, towards
देवेषु (devéṣu)
to the gods
प्रयः (práyaḥ)
offering, food, sustenance
दधत् (dádhat)
placing, bestowing, carrying
Stanza 4.15.3
परि॒ वाज॑पतिः क॒विर॒ग्निर्ह॒व्यान्य॑क्रमीत् | दध॒द्रत्ना॑नि दा॒शुषे॑ ||
pári vā́japatiḥ kavír agnír havyā́ny akramīt dádhad rátnāni dāśúṣe
Agni, the wise lord of wealth, has moved around the oblations, bestowing treasures upon the offerer.
Agni, the wise lord of strength and bounty, circumambulates the offerings, bestowing precious gifts and treasures upon the worshipper who has made the sacrifice.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. परि वाजपतिः कविः pári vā́japatiḥ kavíḥ (8 syllables)
- B. अग्निः हव्यानि अक्रमीत् agníḥ havyā́ni akramīt (8 syllables)
- C. दधत् रत्नानि दाशुषे dádhat rátnāni dāśúṣe (8 syllables)
परि (pári)
around
वाजपतिः (vā́japatiḥ)
lord of strength or bounty
कविः (kavíḥ)
wise, seer
अग्निः (agníḥ)
Agni
हव्यानि (havyā́ni)
oblations, offerings
अक्रमीत् (akramīt)
stepped, moved
दधत् (dádhat)
placing, bestowing
रत्नानि (rátnāni)
treasures, jewels, precious things
दाशुषे (dāśúṣe)
to the offerer, to the sacrificer
Stanza 4.15.4
अ॒यं यः सृञ्ज॑ये पु॒रो दै॑ववा॒ते स॑मि॒ध्यते॑ | द्यु॒माँ अ॑मित्र॒दम्भ॑नः ||
ayáṁ yáḥ sŕ̥ñjaye puró daivavāté samidhyáte dyumā́m̐ amitradámbhanaḥ
This is the brilliant Agni, the vanquisher of enemies, who is kindled for Sr̥njaya, son of Devavata.
This verse identifies Agni as the one who is kindled for Sr̥njaya, a king, by Devavata. Agni is described as brilliant and capable of defeating enemies, highlighting his protective and powerful nature.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. अयं यः सृञ्जये पुरः ayám yáḥ sŕ̥ñjaye purás (8 syllables)
- B. दैववाते समृध्यते daivavāté samidhyáte (8 syllables)
- C. द्युमाँ अमित्रदम्भनः dyumā́n amitradámbhanaḥ (8 syllables)
अयं (ayám)
this
यः (yáḥ)
who
सृञ्जये (sŕ̥ñjaye)
for Sr̥njaya (a king)
पुरः (purás)
in front, eastward
दैववाते (daivavāté)
for Devavata (father of Sr̥njaya)
समृध्यते (samidhyáte)
is kindled, is ignited
द्युमाँ (dyumā́n)
brilliant, shining
अमित्रदम्भनः (amitradámbhanaḥ)
crusher of enemies, foe-destroyer
Stanza 4.15.5
अस्य॑ घा वी॒र ईव॑तो॒ऽग्नेरी॑शीत॒ मर्त्यः॑ | ति॒ग्मज॑म्भस्य मी॒ळ्हुषः॑ ||
ásya ghā vīrá ī́vato 'gnér īśīta mártyaḥ tigmájambhasya mīḷhúṣaḥ
May the powerful mortal control Agni, who possesses sharp fierceness and is bountiful.
The verse expresses a wish that the mortal devotee be powerful enough to command this mighty Agni, who is characterized by sharp, destructive power ('sharp teeth') and abundant, life-giving blessings ('bountiful').
Meter: Gayatri
- A. अस्य घा वीरः ईवतः ásya gha + vīráḥ ī́vataḥ (8 syllables)
- B. अग्नेः ईशीत मर्त्यः agnéḥ īśīta mártyaḥ (8 syllables)
- C. तिग्मजम्भस्य मीळ्हुषः tigmájambhasya mīḷhúṣaḥ (8 syllables)
अस्य (ásya)
of this
घा (gha +)
indeed, truly
वीरः (vīráḥ)
hero, strong man
ईवतः (ī́vataḥ)
mighty, strong
अग्नेः (agnéḥ)
of Agni
ईशीत (īśīta)
may rule, may be master
मर्त्यः (mártyaḥ)
mortal man
तिग्मजम्भस्य (tigmájambhasya)
of sharp-toothed
मीळ्हुषः (mīḷhúṣaḥ)
bountiful, liberal, gracious
Stanza 4.15.6
तमर्व॑न्तं॒ न सा॑न॒सिम॑रु॒षं न दि॒वः शिशु॑म् | म॒र्मृ॒ज्यन्ते॑ दि॒वेदि॑वे ||
tám árvantaṁ ná sānasím aruṣáṁ ná diváḥ śíśum marmr̥jyánte divé-dive
Day after day, they tend to him like a victorious horse, or like the bright child of heaven.
This verse describes how Agni is tended to daily, compared to how a prized horse is groomed or a red, divine child (like Soma) is cared for. It emphasizes the continuous and careful attention given to Agni.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. तं अर्वन्तं न सानसिं tám árvantam ná sānasím (8 syllables)
- B. अरुषं न दिवः शिशुं aruṣám ná diváḥ śíśum (8 syllables)
- C. मर्मृज्यन्ते दिवे-दिवे marmr̥jyánte divé-dive (8 syllables)
तं (tám)
him
अर्वन्तं (árvantam)
horse
न (ná)
like
सानसिं (sānasím)
winning, conquering
अरुषं (aruṣám)
red, bright
न (ná)
like
दिवः (diváḥ)
of the sky, of heaven
शिशुं (śíśum)
child
मर्मृज्यन्ते (marmr̥jyánte)
they cleanse, they polish, they tend to
दिवे-दिवे (divé-dive)
day by day
Stanza 4.15.7
बोध॒द्यन्मा॒ हरि॑भ्यां कुमा॒रः सा॑हदे॒व्यः | अच्छा॒ न हू॒त उद॑रम् ||
bódhad yán mā háribhyāṁ kumāráḥ sāhadevyáḥ áchā ná hūtá úd aram
When the prince, son of Sahadeva, thought of me with his two bay horses, I came forth as if called.
The speaker (the poet, likely) recounts how the princely son of Sahadeva, thinking of him with his two bay horses, prompted him to come forth. The poet responded to this invocation and desire.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. बोधत् यत् मा हरिभ्यां bódhat yát mā háribhyām (7 syllables)
- B. कुमारः साहदेव्यः kumāráḥ sāhadevyáḥ (8 syllables)
- C. अच्छा न हूतः उद अरं ácha + ná hūtáḥ út aram (8 syllables)
बोधत् (bódhat)
he thought, he understood
यत् (yát)
that, when
मा (mā)
me
हरिभ्यां (háribhyām)
with two bay horses
कुमारः (kumāráḥ)
prince, young man
साहदेव्यः (sāhadevyáḥ)
son of Sahadeva
अच्छा (ácha +)
towards, to
न (ná)
as if, like
हूतः (hūtáḥ)
called, summoned
उद (út)
up
अरं (aram)
came forth, appeared
Stanza 4.15.8
उ॒त त्या य॑ज॒ता हरी॑ कुमा॒रात्सा॑हदे॒व्यात् | प्रय॑ता स॒द्य आ द॑दे ||
utá tyā́ yajatā́ hárī kumārā́t sāhadevyā́t práyatā sadyá ā́ dade
And immediately I accepted those divine bay horses from the prince, Sahadeva's son, which he offered.
The poet confirms that he indeed accepted the two beautiful, divine bay horses that were offered to him by the prince, Sahadeva's son. This signifies a successful interaction and gift exchange.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. उत त्या यजता हरी utá tyā́ yajatā́ hárī (8 syllables)
- B. कुमारत् साहदेव्यात् kumārā́t sāhadevyā́t (8 syllables)
- C. प्रयता सद्यः आ ददे práyatā sadyás ā́ dade (8 syllables)
उत (utá)
and, also
त्या (tyā́)
those
यजता (yajatā́)
worshipful, venerable
हरी (hárī)
two bay horses
कुमारत् (kumārā́t)
from the prince
साहदेव्यात् (sāhadevyā́t)
from the son of Sahadeva
प्रयता (práyatā)
offered, presented
सद्यः (sadyás)
immediately, at once
आ (ā́)
up, took
ददे (dade)
accepted, took
Stanza 4.15.9
ए॒ष वां॑ देवावश्विना कुमा॒रः सा॑हदे॒व्यः | दी॒र्घायु॑रस्तु॒ सोम॑कः ||
eṣá vāṁ devāv aśvinā kumāráḥ sāhadevyáḥ dīrghā́yur astu sómakaḥ
May this prince Somaka, son of Sahadeva, live long for you, O divine Asvins!
The poet offers a prayer to the divine twins, the Asvins, asking that their protégé, the prince Somaka, son of Sahadeva, may live a long life, implying their divine favor ensures longevity.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. एष वां देवाव अश्विना eṣá vām devau aśvinā (8 syllables)
- B. कुमारः साहदेव्यः kumāráḥ sāhadevyáḥ (8 syllables)
- C. दीर्घायुः अस्तु सोमकः dīrghā́yuḥ astu sómakaḥ (8 syllables)
एष (eṣá)
this
वां (vām)
for you (dual)
देवाव (devau)
O divine ones (dual)
अश्विना (aśvinā)
O Asvins (divine twins)
कुमारः (kumāráḥ)
prince
साहदेव्यः (sāhadevyáḥ)
son of Sahadeva
दीर्घायुः (dīrghā́yuḥ)
long-lived
अस्तु (astu)
may he be, may he live
सोमकः (sómakaḥ)
Somaka (a prince)
Stanza 4.15.10
तं यु॒वं दे॑वावश्विना कुमा॒रं सा॑हदे॒व्यम् | दी॒र्घायु॑षं कृणोतन ||
táṁ yuváṁ devāv aśvinā kumāráṁ sāhadevyám dīrghā́yuṣaṁ kr̥ṇotana
You two, O divine Asvins, make this prince, son of Sahadeva, long-lived.
The poet directly addresses the divine Asvins, imploring them to grant a long life to the young prince Somaka, son of Sahadeva, emphasizing their power to bestow longevity.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. तं युवं देवाव अश्विना tám yuvám devau aśvinā (8 syllables)
- B. कुमारं साहदेव्यं kumārám sāhadevyám (8 syllables)
- C. दीर्घायुषं कृणोतन dīrghā́yuṣam kr̥ṇotana (8 syllables)
तं (tám)
him
युवं (yuvám)
you two
देवाव (devau)
O divine ones (dual)
अश्विना (aśvinā)
O Asvins
कुमारं (kumārám)
the prince
साहदेव्यं (sāhadevyám)
son of Sahadeva
दीर्घायुषं (dīrghā́yuṣam)
long-lived
कृणोतन (kr̥ṇotana)
make ye, cause to be