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Stanza 3.61.1
उषो॒ वाजे॑न वाजिनि॒ प्रचे॑ताः॒ स्तोमं॑ जुषस्व गृण॒तो म॑घोनि | पु॒रा॒णी दे॑वि युव॒तिः पुरं॑धि॒रनु॑ व्र॒तं च॑रसि विश्ववारे ||
úṣo vā́jena vājini prácetā stómaṁ juṣasva gr̥ṇató maghoni purāṇī́ devi yuvatíḥ púraṁdhir ánu vratáṁ carasi viśvavāre
O powerful and knowing Dawn, you who are rich with strength, please accept the song of us who sing your praises! O divine, wealthy goddess, you are ancient yet youthful, full of wisdom, and you move through everything, embracing all.
This stanza is a vibrant call to Ushas, the dawn goddess. She's described as powerful, intelligent, and rich, possessing both ancient wisdom and youthful energy. The speaker asks her to graciously accept their praise, acknowledging her divine nature and her role in moving through the world according to cosmic order.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. उषः वाजेन वाजिनी प्रचेताः úṣaḥ vā́jena vājini prácetāḥ (11 syllables)
- B. स्तोमं जुषस्व गृणतः मघोनि stómam juṣasva gr̥ṇatáḥ maghoni (11 syllables)
- C. पुऱाणी देवि युवतीः पुरंधिः purāṇī́ devi yuvatíḥ púraṃdhiḥ (11 syllables)
- D. अनु व्रतं चरसि विश्ववारे ánu vratám carasi viśvavāre (11 syllables)
उषः (úṣaḥ)
Dawn
वाजेन (vā́jena)
with strength/power
वाजिनी (vājini)
O rich in strength/power
प्रचेताः (prácetāḥ)
possessing knowledge/understanding
स्तोमं (stómam)
praise/hymn
जुषस्व (juṣasva)
favor/accept
गृणतः (gr̥ṇatáḥ)
of the singer/one who praises
मघोनि (maghoni)
O wealthy one
पुऱाणी (purāṇī́)
ancient
देवि (devi)
O goddess
युवतीः (yuvatíḥ)
youthful/young
पुरंधिः (púraṃdhiḥ)
possessing wisdom/intelligence
अनु (ánu)
according to/following
व्रतं (vratám)
rule/order/vow
चरसि (carasi)
you move/proceed
विश्ववारे (viśvavāre)
O bestower of all/embracing all
Stanza 3.61.2
उषो॑ दे॒व्यम॑र्त्या॒ वि भा॑हि च॒न्द्रर॑था सू॒नृता॑ ई॒रय॑न्ती | आ त्वा॑ वहन्तु सु॒यमा॑सो॒ अश्वा॒ हिर॑ण्यवर्णां पृथु॒पाज॑सो॒ ये ||
úṣo devy ámartyā ví bhāhi candrárathā sūnŕ̥tā īráyantī ā́ tvā vahantu suyámāso áśvā híraṇyavarṇām pr̥thupā́jaso yé
O immortal goddess Dawn, shine forth brightly with your beautiful chariot, bringing forth joy and sweet sounds! May well-controlled, swift horses, shining golden and full of might, carry you to us.
The dawn goddess, Ushas, is addressed as a radiant and immortal deity. She is asked to shine forth on her beautiful chariot, bringing joy and inspiring pleasant sounds. The stanza prays for swift, well-controlled horses to carry her, highlighting her golden color and immense power.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. उषः देवि अमर्त्या वि भाहि úṣaḥ devi ámartyā ví bhāhi (11 syllables)
- B. चन्द्ररथा सूनृताः ईरयन्ती candrárathā sūnŕ̥tāḥ īráyantī (11 syllables)
- C. आ त्वा वहन्तु सुयमासः अश्वाः ā́ tvā vahantu suyámāsaḥ áśvāḥ (11 syllables)
- D. हिरण्यवर्णां पृथापाजसः ये híraṇyavarṇām pr̥thupā́jasaḥ yé (11 syllables)
उषः (úṣaḥ)
Dawn
देवि (devi)
O goddess
अमर्त्या (ámartyā)
immortal
वि (ví)
forth/apart
भाहि (bhāhi)
shine
चन्द्ररथा (candrárathā)
with a bright/beautiful chariot
सूनृताः (sūnŕ̥tāḥ)
joyful/pleasant sounds/utterances
ईरयन्ती (īráyantī)
bringing forth/causing to move
आ (ā́)
towards us
त्वा (tvā)
you
वहन्तु (vahantu)
may they carry
सुयमासः (suyámāsaḥ)
well-controlled/easily managed
अश्वाः (áśvāḥ)
horses
हिरण्यवर्णां (híraṇyavarṇām)
golden-colored
पृथापाजसः (pr̥thupā́jasaḥ)
possessing great strength/power
ये (yé)
who/which
Stanza 3.61.3
उषः॑ प्रती॒ची भुव॑नानि॒ विश्वो॒र्ध्वा ति॑ष्ठस्य॒मृत॑स्य के॒तुः | स॒मा॒नमर्थं॑ चरणी॒यमा॑ना च॒क्रमि॑व नव्य॒स्या व॑वृत्स्व ||
úṣaḥ pratīcī́ bhúvanāni víśvordhvā́ tiṣṭhasy amŕ̥tasya ketúḥ samānám árthaṁ caraṇīyámānā cakrám iva navyasy ā́ vavr̥tsva
O Dawn, you turn towards all the worlds, standing high as the beacon of immortality. Moving towards the same purpose, may you, newly-born, revolve like a wheel.
Ushas is described as turning her attention to all beings in the universe. She stands high above as a beacon of immortality, consistently moving towards the same goal. The stanza poetically asks her, as a newly-born entity, to revolve like a wheel, signifying her cyclical and ever-renewing nature.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. उषः प्रतीची भुवनानि विश्वा úṣaḥ pratīcī́ bhúvanāni víśvā (11 syllables)
- B. ऊर्ध्वा तिष्ठसि अमृतस्य केतुः ūrdhvā́ tiṣṭhasi amŕ̥tasya ketúḥ (11 syllables)
- C. समानं अर्थं चरणीयामाना samānám ártham caraṇīyámānā (11 syllables)
- D. चक्रं इव नव्यसि आ विवृत्स्व cakrám iva navyasi ā́ vavr̥tsva (11 syllables)
उषः (úṣaḥ)
Dawn
प्रतीची (pratīcī́)
turning towards/facing
भुवनानि (bhúvanāni)
worlds/beings
विश्वा (víśvā)
all
ऊर्ध्वा (ūrdhvā́)
high/upward
तिष्ठसि (tiṣṭhasi)
you stand
अमृतस्य (amŕ̥tasya)
of immortality
केतुः (ketúḥ)
beacon/sign/banner
समानं (samānám)
same/common
अर्थं (ártham)
goal/purpose
चरणीयामाना (caraṇīyámānā)
moving/going
चक्रं (cakrám)
wheel
इव (iva)
like
नव्यसि (navyasi)
O newly born
आ (ā́)
here/towards
विवृत्स्व (vavr̥tsva)
revolve/turn
Stanza 3.61.4
अव॒ स्यूमे॑व चिन्व॒ती म॒घोन्यु॒षा या॑ति॒ स्वस॑रस्य॒ पत्नी॑ | स्व१॒॑र्जन॑न्ती सु॒भगा॑ सु॒दंसा॒ आन्ता॑द्दि॒वः प॑प्रथ॒ आ पृ॑थि॒व्याः ||
áva syū́meva cinvatī́ maghóny uṣā́ yāti svásarasya pátnī svàr jánantī subhágā sudáṁsā ā́ntād diváḥ papratha ā́ pr̥thivyā́ḥ
Releasing her reins, the wealthy Dawn comes, the mistress of the morning, beautifully adorned. Bringing forth the light, and full of wonderful gifts, she spreads from the edges of the sky to the earth.
The dawn goddess, Ushas, is depicted as arriving majestically, like a well-adorned horse released from its reins. She is the wealthy mistress of the morning, bringing forth light, possessing beauty and wonderful deeds. Her radiance expands from the limits of the sky down to the earth.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. अव स्यूमे इव चिन्वती मघोनी áva syū́ma iva cinvatī́ maghónī (11 syllables)
- B. उषाः याति स्वसरस्य पत्नी uṣā́ḥ yāti svásarasya pátnī (11 syllables)
- C. स्वः जनन्ती सुभगा सुदंसाः svàr jánantī subhágā sudáṃsāḥ (11 syllables)
- D. आ अन्तात् दिवः प्रपप्रथे आ पृथिष्याः ā́ ántāt diváḥ paprathe ā́ pr̥thivyā́ḥ (11 syllables)
अव (áva)
down
स्यूमे (syū́ma)
reins/halter
इव (iva)
like
चिन्वती (cinvatī́)
adorning/gathering
मघोनी (maghónī)
the wealthy one
उषाः (uṣā́ḥ)
Dawn
याति (yāti)
comes/goes
स्वसरस्य (svásarasya)
of the morning/day
पत्नी (pátnī)
mistress/lady
स्वः (svàr)
light/heavenly light
जनन्ती (jánantī)
giving birth to/bringing forth
सुभगा (subhágā)
beautiful/fortunate
सुदंसाः (sudáṃsāḥ)
possessing wonderful powers/beauty
आ (ā́)
to
अन्तात् (ántāt)
boundary/limit
दिवः (diváḥ)
of the sky/heaven
प्रपप्रथे (paprathe)
spread out
आ (ā́)
to
पृथिष्याः (pr̥thivyā́ḥ)
of the earth
Stanza 3.61.5
अच्छा॑ वो दे॒वीमु॒षसं॑ विभा॒तीं प्र वो॑ भरध्वं॒ नम॑सा सुवृ॒क्तिम् | ऊ॒र्ध्वं म॑धु॒धा दि॒वि पाजो॑ अश्रे॒त्प्र रो॑च॒ना रु॑रुचे र॒ण्वसं॑दृक् ||
áchā vo devī́m uṣásaṁ vibhātī́m prá vo bharadhvaṁ námasā suvr̥ktím ūrdhvám madhudhā́ diví pā́jo aśret prá rocanā́ ruruce raṇvásaṁdr̥k
Let us call upon the shining goddess Dawn, and bring forth a fine hymn with reverence. She brought forth sweetness, establishing her splendor in the sky; she appeared delightful and joyfully shone.
This stanza invites the listeners to call upon the radiant, shining goddess Ushas with reverence. It emphasizes bringing forth a well-crafted hymn to praise her. Ushas is depicted as bringing forth sweetness, establishing her brilliance in the sky, and her delightful appearance spreads joyfully.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. अच्छा वः देवी उषसं विभातीं ácha + vaḥ devī́m uṣásam vibhātī́m (11 syllables)
- B. प्र वः भरध्वं नमसा सुवृक्तिं prá vaḥ bharadhvam námasā suvr̥ktím (11 syllables)
- C. ऊर्ध्वं मधुधा दिवि पाजो अश्रेत् ūrdhvám madhudhā́ diví pā́jaḥ aśret (11 syllables)
- D. प्र रोचना वरुचे रण्वसंन्दृक् prá rocanā́ ruruce raṇvásaṃdr̥k (11 syllables)
अच्छा (ácha +)
towards
वः (vaḥ)
you (plural)
देवी (devī́m)
the goddess
उषसं (uṣásam)
Dawn
विभातीं (vibhātī́m)
shining brightly
प्र (prá)
forth
वः (vaḥ)
you (plural)
भरध्वं (bharadhvam)
bring
नमसा (námasā)
with reverence/worship
सुवृक्तिं (suvr̥ktím)
a good hymn/praise
ऊर्ध्वं (ūrdhvám)
upward/high
मधुधा (madhudhā́)
bestowing sweetness
दिवि (diví)
in the sky
पाजो (pā́jaḥ)
power/strength/splendor
अश्रेत् (aśret)
established/resided
प्र (prá)
forth
रोचना (rocanā́)
brightness/light
वरुचे (ruruce)
shone/appeared beautiful
रण्वसंन्दृक् (raṇvásaṃdr̥k)
pleasing to behold/beautiful appearance
Stanza 3.61.6
ऋ॒ताव॑री दि॒वो अ॒र्कैर॑बो॒ध्या रे॒वती॒ रोद॑सी चि॒त्रम॑स्थात् | आ॒य॒तीम॑ग्न उ॒षसं॑ विभा॒तीं वा॒ममे॑षि॒ द्रवि॑णं॒ भिक्ष॑माणः ||
r̥tā́varī divó arkaír abodhy ā́ revátī ródasī citrám asthāt āyatī́m agna uṣásaṁ vibhātī́ṁ vāmám eṣi dráviṇam bhíkṣamāṇaḥ
The holy Dawn, rich with blessings, was awakened by hymns from the sky. She appeared, bringing light to the earth and heaven. O Agni, you go forth to meet the shining Dawn, seeking her precious wealth.
The dawn goddess, Ushas, is awakened by hymns from heaven, and she, the wealthy one, arrives, bringing light to both earth and sky. Agni, the fire god, is described as going forth to meet the radiant Ushas, seeking her valuable gifts.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. ऋतावरी दिवः अर्कैः अबोध्थी r̥tā́varī diváḥ arkaíḥ abodhi (11 syllables)
- B. आ रेवती रोदसी चित्रं अस्थात् ā́ revátī ródasī citrám asthāt (11 syllables)
- C. आयतीं अग्ने उषसं विभातीं āyatī́m agne uṣásam vibhātī́m (11 syllables)
- D. वामं एषि द्रविणं भिक्षमाणः vāmám eṣi dráviṇam bhíkṣamāṇaḥ (11 syllables)
ऋतावरी (r̥tā́varī)
observing/following the cosmic order
दिवः (diváḥ)
from the sky
अर्कैः (arkaíḥ)
by hymns/praises
अबोध्थी (abodhi)
was awakened
आ (ā́)
towards
रेवती (revátī)
wealthy/bountiful
रोदसी (ródasī)
earth and sky (dual)
चित्रं (citrám)
wonderful/bright
अस्थात् (asthāt)
stood/appeared
आयतीं (āyatī́m)
coming/approaching
अग्ने (agne)
O Agni
उषसं (uṣásam)
Dawn
विभातीं (vibhātī́m)
shining brightly
वामं (vāmám)
precious/desirable
एषि (eṣi)
you go
द्रविणं (dráviṇam)
wealth/riches
भिक्षमाणः (bhíkṣamāṇaḥ)
seeking/begging
Stanza 3.61.7
ऋ॒तस्य॑ बु॒ध्न उ॒षसा॑मिष॒ण्यन्वृषा॑ म॒ही रोद॑सी॒ आ वि॑वेश | म॒ही मि॒त्रस्य॒ वरु॑णस्य मा॒या च॒न्द्रेव॑ भा॒नुं वि द॑धे पुरु॒त्रा ||
r̥tásya budhná uṣásām iṣaṇyán vŕ̥ṣā mahī́ ródasī ā́ viveśa mahī́ mitrásya váruṇasya māyā́ candréva bhānúṁ ví dadhe purutrā́
On the foundation of cosmic order, the quick-moving Dawn entered the great earth and sky. Her great might, like the power of Mitra and Varuṇa, shone brightly everywhere.
The swift Dawn is described as entering both mighty earth and sky, positioned on the foundation of cosmic order. Her power, like that of Mitra and Varuṇa, is immense and spreads its bright radiance everywhere.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. ऋतस्य बुध्न उषसामिष ण्यन् r̥tásya budhné uṣásām iṣaṇyán (11 syllables)
- B. वृषा मही रोदसी आ विवेश vŕ̥ṣā mahī́ ródasī ā́ viveśa (11 syllables)
- C. मही मित्रस्य वरुणस्य माया mahī́ mitrásya váruṇasya māyā́ (11 syllables)
- D. चंद्रा इव भानुं वि दधे पुरुत्रा candrā́ iva bhānúm ví dadhe purutrā́ (11 syllables)
ऋतस्य (r̥tásya)
of the cosmic order/truth
बुध्न (budhné)
on the base/foundation
उषसामिष (uṣásām)
of the Dawns
ण्यन् (iṣaṇyán)
moving swiftly/energetically
वृषा (vŕ̥ṣā)
strong bull/mighty one
मही (mahī́)
great
रोदसी (ródasī)
earth and sky (dual)
आ (ā́)
into
विवेश (viveśa)
entered
मही (mahī́)
great
मित्रस्य (mitrásya)
of Mitra
वरुणस्य (váruṇasya)
of Varuṇa
माया (māyā́)
power/creative force/magic
चंद्रा (candrā́)
bright/shining
इव (iva)
like
भानुं (bhānúm)
splendor/radiance
वि (ví)
apart/out
दधे (dadhe)
placed/spread
पुरुत्रा (purutrā́)
in many places/everywhere