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Stanza 3.53.1
इन्द्रा॑पर्वता बृह॒ता रथे॑न वा॒मीरिष॒ आ व॑हतं सु॒वीराः॑ | वी॒तं ह॒व्यान्य॑ध्व॒रेषु॑ देवा॒ वर्धे॑थां गी॒र्भिरिळ॑या॒ मद॑न्ता ||
índrāparvatā br̥hatā́ ráthena vāmī́r íṣa ā́ vahataṁ suvī́rāḥ vītáṁ havyā́ny adhvaréṣu devā várdhethāṁ gīrbhír íḷayā mádantā
Oh Indra and Parvata, with your grand chariot, bring us delicious food and brave companions! Accept our offerings in the sacrifice, O gods, and grow stronger with our praises, enjoying our oblations!
The stanza is a powerful invocation to the deities Indra and Parvata. The speaker calls upon them to descend in their magnificent chariot, bringing along with them sustenance and heroes. It's a plea for divine presence and blessings during a ritual sacrifice, asking the gods to be strengthened by the hymns and offerings.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. इन्द्रापर्वता बृहता रथेन índrāparvatā br̥hatā́ ráthena (11 syllables)
- B. वामीः इषः आ वहतं सुवीराः vāmī́ḥ íṣaḥ ā́ vahatam suvī́rāḥ (11 syllables)
- C. वीतं हव्यानि अध्वरेषु देवा vītám havyā́ni adhvaréṣu devā (11 syllables)
- D. वर्धेथां गीर्भिरिळया इळया मदन्ता várdhethām gīrbhíḥ íḷayā mádantā (11 syllables)
इन्द्रापर्वता (índrāparvatā)
O Indra and Parvata
बृहता (br̥hatā́)
great, mighty
रथेन (ráthena)
with the chariot
वामीः (vāmī́ḥ)
pleasant, desirable
इषः (íṣaḥ)
food, nourishment
आ (ā́)
hither, towards
वहतं (vahatam)
bring (you two)
सुवीराः (suvī́rāḥ)
with brave heroes
वीतं (vītám)
enjoy, partake of
हव्यानि (havyā́ni)
offerings, oblations
अध्वरेषु (adhvaréṣu)
in the sacrifices
देवा (devā)
O gods
वर्धेथां (várdhethām)
may you two grow strong
गीर्भिरिळया (gīrbhíḥ)
with hymns, songs
इळया (íḷayā)
with the oblation
मदन्ता (mádantā)
rejoicing, delighted
Stanza 3.53.2
तिष्ठा॒ सु कं॑ मघव॒न्मा परा॑ गाः॒ सोम॑स्य॒ नु त्वा॒ सुषु॑तस्य यक्षि | पि॒तुर्न पु॒त्रः सिच॒मा र॑भे त॒ इन्द्र॒ स्वादि॑ष्ठया गि॒रा श॑चीवः ||
tíṣṭhā sú kam maghavan mā́ párā gāḥ sómasya nú tvā súṣutasya yakṣi pitúr ná putráḥ sícam ā́ rabhe ta índra svā́diṣṭhayā girā́ śacīvaḥ
Stay a moment, powerful Indra, don't go! Now I want to offer you some delicious, freshly pressed Soma. With my sweetest song, I'm reaching out to you, just like a child holds onto their father!
The speaker is addressing Indra, asking him to stay put and not to move away, as the delicious, well-pressed Soma juice is ready. The speaker then emphasizes their intent to worship or partake in the Soma with a heartfelt song, comparing their action to a child eagerly grasping their father's garment.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. सु कं मघवन् मा परा गाः tíṣṭha + sú kam maghavan mā́ párā gāḥ (11 syllables)
- B. सोमस्य नु त्वा सुषुतस्य यक्षि sómasya nú tvā súṣutasya yakṣi (11 syllables)
- C. पितुः न पुत्रः सिचम् आ रभे ते pitúḥ ná putráḥ sícam ā́ rabhe te (11 syllables)
- D. इन्द्र स्वादिष्ठया गिरा शचीवः índra svā́diṣṭhayā girā́ śacīvaḥ (11 syllables)
(tíṣṭha +)
सु (sú)
well, good
कं (kam)
moment, interval
मघवन् (maghavan)
O wealthy one
मा (mā́)
do not
परा (párā)
away, forth
गाः (gāḥ)
go
सोमस्य (sómasya)
of the Soma
नु (nú)
now
त्वा (tvā)
you
सुषुतस्य (súṣutasya)
of the well-pressed
यक्षि (yakṣi)
I offer, I worship
पितुः (pitúḥ)
of the father
न (ná)
like
पुत्रः (putráḥ)
a son
सिचम् (sícam)
garment, hem
आ (ā́)
towards
रभे (rabhe)
I grasp, I hold
ते (te)
your
इन्द्र (índra)
O Indra
स्वादिष्ठया (svā́diṣṭhayā)
with the sweetest
गिरा (girā́)
with the song, hymn
शचीवः (śacīvaḥ)
O powerful one
Stanza 3.53.3
शंसा॑वाध्वर्यो॒ प्रति॑ मे गृणी॒हीन्द्रा॑य॒ वाहः॑ कृणवाव॒ जुष्ट॑म् | एदं ब॒र्हिर्यज॑मानस्य सी॒दाथा॑ च भूदु॒क्थमिन्द्रा॑य श॒स्तम् ||
śáṁsāvādhvaryo práti me gr̥ṇīhī́ndrāya vā́haḥ kr̥ṇavāva júṣṭam édám barhír yájamānasya sīdā́thā ca bhūd ukthám índrāya śastám
Let's sing together, Adhvaryu, and you respond! Let's make an offering that Indra will love. May he settle on the prepared grass of the sacrificer, and may our praise be perfectly crafted for Indra!
This stanza is a direct address from the speaker to the Adhvaryu, a priest who performs the Soma rituals. The speaker proposes that they both sing praises together, with the Adhvaryu responding. The goal is to create an offering that is pleasing to Indra. It also mentions Indra settling on the sacred grass prepared by the sacrificer and the intention for the eulogy to be well-spoken for him.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. शंसावा अध्वर्यो प्रति मे गृणीहीन्द्रा śáṃsāva adhvaryo práti me gr̥ṇīhi (11 syllables)
- B. इन्द्राय वाहः कृणवाव जुष्टम् índrāya vā́haḥ kr̥ṇavāva júṣṭam (11 syllables)
- C. आ इदं बर्हिः यजमानस्य सीदा ā́ idám barhíḥ yájamānasya sīda (11 syllables)
- D. च भूदुक्थमिन्द्रा उक्थं इन्द्राय शस्तम् átha + ca bhūt ukthám índrāya śastám (11 syllables)
शंसावा (śáṃsāva)
let us sing
अध्वर्यो (adhvaryo)
O Adhvaryu (priest)
प्रति (práti)
in response, back
मे (me)
to me
गृणीहीन्द्रा (gr̥ṇīhi)
sing
इन्द्राय (índrāya)
for Indra
वाहः (vā́haḥ)
offering, praise
कृणवाव (kr̥ṇavāva)
let us make
जुष्टम् (júṣṭam)
pleasing, accepted
आ (ā́)
upon, onto
इदं (idám)
this
बर्हिः (barhíḥ)
sacred grass
यजमानस्य (yájamānasya)
of the sacrificer
सीदा (sīda)
sit down, settle
(átha +)
च (ca)
and
भूदुक्थमिन्द्रा (bhūt)
let it be
उक्थं (ukthám)
eulogy, praise
इन्द्राय (índrāya)
for Indra
शस्तम् (śastám)
sung, recited
Stanza 3.53.4
जा॒येदस्तं॑ मघव॒न्त्सेदु॒ योनि॒स्तदित्त्वा॑ यु॒क्ता हर॑यो वहन्तु | य॒दा क॒दा च॑ सु॒नवा॑म॒ सोम॑म॒ग्निष्ट्वा॑ दू॒तो ध॑न्वा॒त्यच्छ॑ ||
jāyéd ástam maghavan séd u yónis tád ít tvā yuktā́ hárayo vahantu yadā́ kadā́ ca sunávāma sómam agníṣ ṭvā dūtó dhanvāty ácha
Come to us, O mighty Indra! Your presence is like a wife at home. May your harnessed horses bring you here! Whenever we press the Soma, Agni will be our messenger to call you!
This verse is a fervent invitation to Indra, urging him to come. The speaker compares Indra's presence to a wife in her home and a dwelling, emphasizing his importance. They ask Indra's swift horses to carry him, and promise that whenever Soma is pressed, Agni will be sent as a messenger to summon him.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. जायेदा इत् अस्तं मघवन् सा इत् उ योनिः jāyā́ ít ástam maghavan sā́ ít u yóniḥ (11 syllables)
- B. तदित्त्वा इत् त्वा युक्ता हरयो वहन्तु tát ít tvā yuktā́ḥ hárayaḥ vahantu (11 syllables)
- C. यदा कदा च सु newly सोमम् yadā́ kadā́ ca sunávāma sómam (11 syllables)
- D. अग्निष्ट्वा त्वा दूतः धन्वात्यच्छ अच्छ agníḥ tvā dūtáḥ dhanvāti ácha (11 syllables)
जायेदा (jāyā́)
wife
इत् (ít)
indeed
अस्तं (ástam)
home, dwelling
मघवन् (maghavan)
O wealthy one
सा (sā́)
she
इत् (ít)
indeed
उ (u)
indeed, also
योनिः (yóniḥ)
dwelling, place
तदित्त्वा (tát)
that
इत् (ít)
indeed
त्वा (tvā)
you
युक्ता (yuktā́ḥ)
yoked, harnessed
हरयो (hárayaḥ)
horses
वहन्तु (vahantu)
may they carry
यदा (yadā́)
whenever
कदा (kadā́)
whenever
च (ca)
and
सु newly (sunávāma)
we press out
सोमम् (sómam)
Soma
अग्निष्ट्वा (agníḥ)
Agni (fire god)
त्वा (tvā)
you
दूतः (dūtáḥ)
messenger
धन्वात्यच्छ (dhanvāti)
speeds, hastens
अच्छ (ácha)
towards
Stanza 3.53.5
परा॑ याहि मघव॒न्ना च॑ या॒हीन्द्र॑ भ्रातरुभ॒यत्रा॑ ते॒ अर्थ॑म् | यत्रा॒ रथ॑स्य बृह॒तो नि॒धानं॑ वि॒मोच॑नं वा॒जिनो॒ रास॑भस्य ||
párā yāhi maghavann ā́ ca yāhī́ndra bhrātar ubhayátrā te ártham yátrā ráthasya br̥ható nidhā́naṁ vimócanaṁ vājíno rā́sabhasya
Go now, O Indra, and come back again! Your goal is in both places. Tell me, brother Indra, where does your great chariot rest, and where do you unharness your powerful horse?
This verse is a call to Indra to depart and then return, emphasizing that his purpose is found in both places. The speaker addresses Indra as a brother and asks about the resting place of his mighty chariot and the place where his powerful horse is unharnessed.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. परा याहीन्द्र मघवन् आ च याहीन्द्र párā yāhi maghavan ā́ ca yāhi (11 syllables)
- B. इन्द्र भ्रातरुभ ते अर्थम् índra bhrātar ubhayátra + te ártham (11 syllables)
- C. रथस्य बृहतो निधानं yátra + ráthasya br̥hatáḥ nidhā́nam (11 syllables)
- D. विमोचणं वाजिनो रासभस्य vimócanam vājínaḥ rā́sabhasya (11 syllables)
परा (párā)
away, depart
याहीन्द्र (yāhi)
come
मघवन् (maghavan)
O wealthy one
आ (ā́)
hither, to here
च (ca)
and
याहीन्द्र (yāhi)
come
इन्द्र (índra)
O Indra
भ्रातरुभ (bhrātar)
O brother
(ubhayátra +)
ते (te)
your
अर्थम् (ártham)
purpose, goal
(yátra +)
रथस्य (ráthasya)
of the chariot
बृहतो (br̥hatáḥ)
great, mighty
निधानं (nidhā́nam)
resting place, support
विमोचणं (vimócanam)
unharnessing, release
वाजिनो (vājínaḥ)
of the strong one, horse
रासभस्य (rā́sabhasya)
of the horse (sometimes ass, here likely horse)
Stanza 3.53.6
अपाः॒ सोम॒मस्त॑मिन्द्र॒ प्र या॑हि कल्या॒णीर्जा॒या सु॒रणं॑ गृ॒हे ते॑ | यत्रा॒ रथ॑स्य बृह॒तो नि॒धानं॑ वि॒मोच॑नं वा॒जिनो॒ दक्षि॑णावत् ||
ápāḥ sómam ástam indra prá yāhi kalyāṇī́r jāyā́ suráṇaṁ gr̥hé te yátrā ráthasya br̥ható nidhā́naṁ vimócanaṁ vājíno dákṣiṇāvat
You've drunk the Soma, Indra, now go home! Your happiness and wife await you. Where does your great chariot rest, and where is your mighty horse unharnessed with reward?
The speaker tells Indra that he has finished drinking Soma and should now return home. It's mentioned that his joy and his wife are at home. The verse then reiterates the question from the previous stanza about the resting place of his great chariot and where his powerful horse is unharnessed, adding that the horse is rewarded there.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. अपाः सोमम् अस्तमिन्द्र इन्द्र प्र याहि ápāḥ sómam ástam indra prá yāhi (11 syllables)
- B. कल्याणी जाया सु रणं गृहे ते kalyāṇī́ḥ jāyā́ suráṇam gr̥hé te (11 syllables)
- C. रथस्य बृहतो निधानं yátra + ráthasya br̥hatáḥ nidhā́nam (11 syllables)
- D. विमोचणं वाजिनो दक्षिणावत् vimócanam vājínaḥ dákṣiṇāvat (11 syllables)
अपाः (ápāḥ)
you have drunk
सोमम् (sómam)
Soma
अस्तमिन्द्र (ástam)
home
इन्द्र (indra)
O Indra
प्र (prá)
forth, homewards
याहि (yāhi)
go
कल्याणी (kalyāṇī́ḥ)
auspicious, beautiful
जाया (jāyā́)
wife
सु रणं (suráṇam)
joy, happiness
गृहे (gr̥hé)
in the home
ते (te)
your
(yátra +)
रथस्य (ráthasya)
of the chariot
बृहतो (br̥hatáḥ)
great, mighty
निधानं (nidhā́nam)
resting place, station
विमोचणं (vimócanam)
unharnessing, release
वाजिनो (vājínaḥ)
of the powerful one, horse
दक्षिणावत् (dákṣiṇāvat)
with reward, gift
Stanza 3.53.7
इ॒मे भो॒जा अङ्गि॑रसो॒ विरू॑पा दि॒वस्पु॒त्रासो॒ असु॑रस्य वी॒राः | वि॒श्वामि॑त्राय॒ दद॑तो म॒घानि॑ सहस्रसा॒वे प्र ति॑रन्त॒ आयुः॑ ||
imé bhojā́ áṅgiraso vírūpā divás putrā́so ásurasya vīrā́ḥ viśvā́mitrāya dádato maghā́ni sahasrasāvé prá tiranta ā́yuḥ
These generous Angirasas, divine heroes born from the Asura, and sons of heaven, give great wealth to Vishvamitra. They help prolong his life through countless Soma rituals!
This verse describes a group of powerful beings referred to as 'Bhojas', who are also called 'Angirases', 'sons of the Asura', and 'heroes of heaven'. They are characterized by their benevolent nature, giving abundant wealth to Vishvamitra. Their actions are said to prolong Vishvamitra's life through numerous Soma sacrifices.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. इमे भोजा अङ्गिरसो विरूपा imé bhojā́ḥ áṅgirasaḥ vírūpāḥ (11 syllables)
- B. दिवस्पु पुत्रासो असुरस्य वीराः diváḥ putrā́saḥ ásurasya vīrā́ḥ (11 syllables)
- C. विश्वामित्राय ददतो मगानि viśvā́mitrāya dádataḥ maghā́ni (11 syllables)
- D. सहस्रसावे प्र तिरन्त आयुः sahasrasāvé prá tirante ā́yuḥ (11 syllables)
इमे (imé)
these
भोजा (bhojā́ḥ)
bountiful ones, lords
अङ्गिरसो (áṅgirasaḥ)
Angirases (a mythical clan)
विरूपा (vírūpāḥ)
of various forms
दिवस्पु (diváḥ)
of heaven
पुत्रासो (putrā́saḥ)
sons
असुरस्य (ásurasya)
of the Asura (divine being)
वीराः (vīrā́ḥ)
heroes
विश्वामित्राय (viśvā́mitrāya)
to Vishvamitra
ददतो (dádataḥ)
giving
मगानि (maghā́ni)
wealth, gifts
सहस्रसावे (sahasrasāvé)
in the winning of thousands (of Soma)
प्र (prá)
forth, widely
तिरन्त (tirante)
they extend, prolong
आयुः (ā́yuḥ)
life
Stanza 3.53.8
रू॒पंरू॑पं म॒घवा॑ बोभवीति मा॒याः कृ॑ण्वा॒नस्त॒न्वं१॒॑ परि॒ स्वाम् | त्रिर्यद्दि॒वः परि॑ मुहू॒र्तमागा॒त्स्वैर्मन्त्रै॒रनृ॑तुपा ऋ॒तावा॑ ||
rūpáṁ rūpam maghávā bobhavīti māyā́ḥ kr̥ṇvānás tanvàm pári svā́m trír yád diváḥ pári muhūrtám ā́gāt svaír mántrair ánr̥tupā r̥tā́vā
Indra, the powerful one, changes into every shape he wants, masterfully using his own magic! This truly righteous being, thrice in a moment, descended from heaven with his powerful spells!
This stanza describes Indra's incredible ability to change his form, portraying him as a master of illusion. It states that he appears in various shapes, creating magic with his own body. The verse concludes by noting that this divine being, the 'Holy One', descended from heaven three times in a moment, using his potent spells.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. रूपंरूपं मघवा बोभवीति rūpáṃ-rūpam maghávā bobhavīti (11 syllables)
- B. मायाः कृण्वानस्त तन्वं परि स्वाम् māyā́ḥ kr̥ṇvānáḥ tanvàm pári svā́m (11 syllables)
- C. त्रिर्यद्दि यद् दिवः परि मुहूत् आ अगात् trís yát diváḥ pári muhūrtám ā́ ágāt (11 syllables)
- D. स्वैर्म न्त्रैरनृ ऋतुपा ऋतावा svaíḥ mántraiḥ ánr̥tupāḥ r̥tā́vā (11 syllables)
रूपंरूपं (rūpáṃ-rūpam)
form by form, every shape
मघवा (maghávā)
the wealthy one (Indra)
बोभवीति (bobhavīti)
appears, becomes repeatedly
मायाः (māyā́ḥ)
illusions, magic
कृण्वानस्त (kr̥ṇvānáḥ)
making, creating
तन्वं (tanvàm)
body
परि (pári)
around, through
स्वाम् (svā́m)
his own
त्रिर्यद्दि (trís)
thrice
यद् (yát)
when
दिवः (diváḥ)
from heaven
परि (pári)
around, through
मुहूत् (muhūrtám)
in a moment
आ (ā́)
downwards, here
अगात् (ágāt)
he came, descended
स्वैर्म (svaíḥ)
with his own
न्त्रैरनृ (mántraiḥ)
with spells, chants
ऋतुपा (ánr̥tupāḥ)
not bound by season/time, holy
ऋतावा (r̥tā́vā)
the righteous one, the true
Stanza 3.53.9
म॒हाँ ऋषि॑र्देव॒जा दे॒वजू॒तोऽस्त॑भ्ना॒त्सिन्धु॑मर्ण॒वं नृ॒चक्षाः॑ | वि॒श्वामि॑त्रो॒ यदव॑हत्सु॒दास॒मप्रि॑यायत कुशि॒केभि॒रिन्द्रः॑ ||
mahā́m̐ ŕ̥ṣir devajā́ devájūtó 'stabhnāt síndhum arṇaváṁ nr̥cákṣāḥ viśvā́mitro yád ávahat sudā́sam ápriyāyata kuśikébhir índraḥ
The great sage, divinely born and guided, who sees all beings, restrained the surging river! When Vishvamitra supported Sudas, Indra became pleased with him, especially through the Kushikas!
This verse speaks of a great sage, born of gods and inspired by them, who possesses keen insight. This sage is credited with restraining a vast, flowing river. It also mentions that when Vishvamitra aided Sudas, Indra became friendly towards him, particularly through the involvement of the Kushikas.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. महाँ ऋषिर् देवजा देवजूतो mahā́n ŕ̥ṣiḥ devajā́ḥ devájūtaḥ (11 syllables)
- B. अस्तभ्नात्सि सिन्धुम अर्णवं नृचक्षाः ástabhnāt síndhum arṇavám nr̥cákṣāḥ (11 syllables)
- C. विश्वामित्रो यदव अवहत्सु सुदास viśvā́mitraḥ yát ávahat sudā́sam (11 syllables)
- D. अप्रियायत कुशिकेभिरिन्द्रः इन्द्रः ápriyāyata kuśikébhiḥ índraḥ (11 syllables)
महाँ (mahā́n)
great
ऋषिर् (ŕ̥ṣiḥ)
sage, seer
देवजा (devajā́ḥ)
god-born
देवजूतो (devájūtaḥ)
god-inspired, god-driven
अस्तभ्नात्सि (ástabhnāt)
he restrained, stopped
सिन्धुम (síndhum)
river
अर्णवं (arṇavám)
flowing, watery
नृचक्षाः (nr̥cákṣāḥ)
seeing men, human-sighted
विश्वामित्रो (viśvā́mitraḥ)
Vishvamitra
यदव (yát)
when
अवहत्सु (ávahat)
he led, supported
सुदास (sudā́sam)
Sudas (a king)
अप्रियायत (ápriyāyata)
he became pleased, friendly
कुशिकेभिरिन्द्रः (kuśikébhiḥ)
with the Kushikas (a priestly family)
इन्द्रः (índraḥ)
Indra
Stanza 3.53.10
हं॒सा इ॑व कृणुथ॒ श्लोक॒मद्रि॑भि॒र्मद॑न्तो गी॒र्भिर॑ध्व॒रे सु॒ते सचा॑ | दे॒वेभि॑र्विप्रा ऋषयो नृचक्षसो॒ वि पि॑बध्वं कुशिकाः सो॒म्यं मधु॑ ||
haṁsā́ iva kr̥ṇutha ślókam ádribhir mádanto gīrbhír adhvaré suté sácā devébhir viprā r̥ṣayo nr̥cakṣaso ví pibadhvaṁ kuśikāḥ somyám mádhu
O wise singers and sages, like swans, create praise with the pressing stones! Enjoying hymns in the sacrifice where Soma is pressed, together with the gods, drink this sweet Soma nectar!
This verse calls upon the wise singers ('Vipras') and sages ('Rishis'), who are called Kushikas, to celebrate like swans. They are urged to use the pressing stones and their hymns in the sacrifice where Soma is pressed. The stanza emphasizes their connection with the gods and their role as observers of humanity as they drink the sweet Soma juice.
Meter: Jagati
- A. हंसा इव कृणुथ श्लोकम् अद्रिभिर्म haṃsā́ḥ iva kr̥ṇutha ślókam ádribhiḥ (12 syllables)
- B. दन्तो गीर्भिर अध्वरे सुते सचा mádantaḥ gīrbhíḥ adhvaré suté sácā (12 syllables)
- C. देवेभि विप्रा ऋषयो नृचक्षसो devébhiḥ viprāḥ r̥ṣayaḥ nr̥cakṣasaḥ (12 syllables)
- D. वि पिबध्वं कुशिकाः सोम्यं मधु ví pibadhvam kuśikāḥ somyám mádhu (12 syllables)
हंसा (haṃsā́ḥ)
like swans
इव (iva)
like
कृणुथ (kr̥ṇutha)
make, create
श्लोकम् (ślókam)
song, praise
अद्रिभिर्म (ádribhiḥ)
with pressing stones
दन्तो (mádantaḥ)
rejoicing
गीर्भिर (gīrbhíḥ)
with hymns
अध्वरे (adhvaré)
in the sacrifice
सुते (suté)
when pressed (Soma)
सचा (sácā)
together
देवेभि (devébhiḥ)
with the gods
विप्रा (viprāḥ)
O singers, wise ones
ऋषयो (r̥ṣayaḥ)
O sages
नृचक्षसो (nr̥cakṣasaḥ)
observers of men
वि (ví)
apart, widely
पिबध्वं (pibadhvam)
drink (you all)
कुशिकाः (kuśikāḥ)
O Kushikas
सोम्यं (somyám)
of Soma
मधु (mádhu)
nectar, sweet drink
Stanza 3.53.11
उप॒ प्रेत॑ कुशिकाश्चे॒तय॑ध्व॒मश्वं॑ रा॒ये प्र मु॑ञ्चता सु॒दासः॑ | राजा॑ वृ॒त्रं ज॑ङ्घन॒त्प्रागपा॒गुद॒गथा॑ यजाते॒ वर॒ आ पृ॑थि॒व्याः ||
úpa préta kuśikāś cetáyadhvam áśvaṁ rāyé prá muñcatā sudā́saḥ rā́jā vr̥tráṁ jaṅghanat prā́g ápāg údag áthā yajāte vára ā́ pr̥thivyā́ḥ
Come forward, O Kushikas, and pay attention! Release Sudas's horse for riches! May the king conquer enemies in all directions (east, west, north), and then worship in the best place on Earth!
This verse is an exhortation to the Kushikas to come forward and pay attention. They are instructed to release the horse of Sudas for the sake of riches. The stanza also expresses a wish for the king to conquer enemies in all directions (east, west, north) and then perform worship in the most excellent place on Earth.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. उप प्र त कुशिकाश्चे तयध्वमश्वं úpa prá ita kuśikāḥ cetáyadhvam (11 syllables)
- B. अश्वं राय प्र सुदासः áśvam rāyé prá muñcata + sudā́saḥ (11 syllables)
- C. राजा वृत्रं जङ्घनत्प्रा प्राक् अपागुद उदगथा rā́jā vr̥trám jaṅghanat prā́k ápāk údak (12 syllables)
- D. यजाते वर आ पृथिव्याः átha + yajāte váre ā́ pr̥thivyā́ḥ (11 syllables)
उप (úpa)
towards, near
प्र (prá)
forth
त (ita)
go
कुशिकाश्चे (kuśikāḥ)
O Kushikas
तयध्वमश्वं (cetáyadhvam)
pay attention, be mindful
अश्वं (áśvam)
horse
राय (rāyé)
for riches, wealth
प्र (prá)
forth
(muñcata +)
सुदासः (sudā́saḥ)
of Sudas
राजा (rā́jā)
king
वृत्रं (vr̥trám)
the enemy (Vritra)
जङ्घनत्प्रा (jaṅghanat)
may he slay, destroy
प्राक् (prā́k)
eastward
अपागुद (ápāk)
westward
उदगथा (údak)
northward
(átha +)
यजाते (yajāte)
may he worship
वर (váre)
in the chosen place
आ (ā́)
upon, in
पृथिव्याः (pr̥thivyā́ḥ)
of the earth
Stanza 3.53.12
य इ॒मे रोद॑सी उ॒भे अ॒हमिन्द्र॒मतु॑ष्टवम् | वि॒श्वामि॑त्रस्य रक्षति॒ ब्रह्मे॒दं भार॑तं॒ जन॑म् ||
yá imé ródasī ubhé ahám índram átuṣṭavam viśvā́mitrasya rakṣati bráhmedám bhā́rataṁ jánam
I have indeed praised Indra, who upholds both these heavens and earth! This prayer of Vishvamitra protects the Bharata people!
The speaker declares they have praised Indra, who sustains both heaven and earth. This prayer, offered by Vishvamitra, is said to protect the Bharata people. It's a declaration of faith in Indra's power and Vishvamitra's spiritual guidance for the well-being of the community.
Meter: Anushtubh
- A. य इमे रोदसी उभे yáḥ imé ródasī ubhé (8 syllables)
- B. अहमिन्द्र इन्द्रमतु अतुष्टवम् ahám índram átuṣṭavam (8 syllables)
- C. विश्वामित्रस्य रक्षति viśvā́mitrasya rakṣati (8 syllables)
- D. ब्रह्मे इदं भारतं जनम् bráhma idám bhā́ratam jánam (8 syllables)
य (yáḥ)
who
इमे (imé)
these two
रोदसी (ródasī)
heaven and earth (dual)
उभे (ubhé)
both
अहमिन्द्र (ahám)
I
इन्द्रमतु (índram)
Indra
अतुष्टवम् (átuṣṭavam)
I have praised
विश्वामित्रस्य (viśvā́mitrasya)
of Vishvamitra
रक्षति (rakṣati)
protects
ब्रह्मे (bráhma)
prayer, sacred word
इदं (idám)
this
भारतं (bhā́ratam)
Bharata (a people)
जनम् (jánam)
people, folk
Stanza 3.53.13
वि॒श्वामि॑त्रा अरासत॒ ब्रह्मेन्द्रा॑य व॒ज्रिणे॑ | कर॒दिन्नः॑ सु॒राध॑सः ||
viśvā́mitrā arāsata bráhméndrāya vajríṇe kárad ín naḥ surā́dhasaḥ
We Vishvamitras have sung this praise for Indra, the thunderbolt-wielder! May he make us prosperous and full of riches!
The Vishvamitra clan has sung praises ('brahma') for Indra, who wields the thunderbolt ('vajrin'). The stanza expresses a wish that Indra grant them prosperity, associating him with power and generosity.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. विश्वामि त्राअरासत viśvā́mitrāḥ arāsata (8 syllables)
- B. ब्रह्मेन्द्रा इन्द्राय वज्रिणे bráhma índrāya vajríṇe (8 syllables)
- C. कर इन्न नः सुराधसः kárat ít naḥ surā́dhasaḥ (8 syllables)
विश्वामि (viśvā́mitrāḥ)
The Vishvamitras
त्राअरासत (arāsata)
they sang forth
ब्रह्मेन्द्रा (bráhma)
prayer, praise
इन्द्राय (índrāya)
for Indra
वज्रिणे (vajríṇe)
to the one with the thunderbolt
कर (kárat)
may he do, make
इन्न (ít)
indeed
नः (naḥ)
us
सुराधसः (surā́dhasaḥ)
with abundant riches, prosperous
Stanza 3.53.14
किं ते॑ कृण्वन्ति॒ कीक॑टेषु॒ गावो॒ नाशिरं॑ दु॒ह्रे न त॑पन्ति घ॒र्मम् | आ नो॑ भर॒ प्रम॑गन्दस्य॒ वेदो॑ नैचाशा॒खं म॑घवन्रन्धया नः ||
kíṁ te kr̥ṇvanti kī́kaṭeṣu gā́vo nā́śíraṁ duhré ná tapanti gharmám ā́ no bhara prámagandasya védo naicāśākhám maghavan randhayā naḥ
What good are cows in the Kikatas? They don't give milk or heat anything! Bring us the wealth of Pramaganda, Indra, and subdue those insignificant people for us!
This verse questions the usefulness of cattle in the Kikatas region, implying they are unproductive. The speaker asks Indra to bring them the wealth of Pramaganda and to subdue the 'low-born' or insignificant ones. It highlights a contrast between a productive land and the barren Kikatas, seeking divine intervention for prosperity and dominance.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. किं ते कृण्वन्ति कीकटे गावो kím te kr̥ṇvanti kī́kaṭeṣu gā́vaḥ (11 syllables)
- B. न आ दुह्रे न तपन्ति घर्मम् ná āśíram duhré ná tapanti gharmám (11 syllables)
- C. आ नः भर प्रमगन्दस्य वेदो ā́ naḥ bhara prámagandasya védaḥ (11 syllables)
- D. नैचाशाखं मघवन् नः naicāśākhám maghavan randhaya + naḥ (11 syllables)
किं (kím)
what
ते (te)
your
कृण्वन्ति (kr̥ṇvanti)
do they do
कीकटे (kī́kaṭeṣu)
in the Kikatas (a region)
गावो (gā́vaḥ)
cows
न (ná)
not
आ (āśíram)
milk, nourishment
दुह्रे (duhré)
they milk
न (ná)
not
तपन्ति (tapanti)
they heat
घर्मम् (gharmám)
caldron, heated vessel
आ (ā́)
hither
नः (naḥ)
to us
भर (bhara)
bring
प्रमगन्दस्य (prámagandasya)
of Pramaganda (a person/thing)
वेदो (védaḥ)
wealth, treasure
नैचाशाखं (naicāśākhám)
low-born, insignificant
मघवन् (maghavan)
O wealthy one
(randhaya +)
नः (naḥ)
to us
Stanza 3.53.15
स॒स॒र्प॒रीरम॑तिं॒ बाध॑माना बृ॒हन्मि॑माय ज॒मद॑ग्निदत्ता | आ सूर्य॑स्य दुहि॒ता त॑तान॒ श्रवो॑ दे॒वेष्व॒मृत॑मजु॒र्यम् ||
sasarparī́r ámatim bā́dhamānā br̥hán mimāya jamádagnidattā ā́ sū́ryasya duhitā́ tatāna śrávo devéṣv amŕ̥tam ajuryám
Sasarparî, gifted by Jamadagni, spoke with a great voice, warding off distress. The Sun's own daughter has spread our enduring glory among the gods, immortal and unfading!
This verse introduces a powerful female entity named Sasarparî, described as gifted by Jamadagni. She is said to have spoken with a mighty voice, dispelling something like famine. The 'Daughter of the Sun' is also mentioned, having spread glory, immortality, and imperishability among the gods.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. ससर्परी अमतिं बाधमाना sasarparī́ḥ ámatim bā́dhamānā (11 syllables)
- B. बृहन् मिमाय जमदग्निदत्ता br̥hát mimāya jamádagnidattā (11 syllables)
- C. आ सूर्यस्य दुहिता ततान ā́ sū́ryasya duhitā́ tatāna (11 syllables)
- D. श्रवो देवेष्व अमृत अजुर्यं śrávaḥ devéṣu amŕ̥tam ajuryám (11 syllables)
ससर्परी (sasarparī́ḥ)
Sasarparî (a name, possibly a cow)
अमतिं (ámatim)
distress, famine
बाधमाना (bā́dhamānā)
warding off, dispelling
बृहन् (br̥hát)
great, mighty
मिमाय (mimāya)
she roared, bellowed
जमदग्निदत्ता (jamádagnidattā)
given by Jamadagni
आ (ā́)
hither
सूर्यस्य (sū́ryasya)
of the Sun
दुहिता (duhitā́)
daughter
ततान (tatāna)
she spread
श्रवो (śrávaḥ)
glory, fame
देवेष्व (devéṣu)
among the gods
अमृत (amŕ̥tam)
immortality, nectar
अजुर्यं (ajuryám)
imperishable, undecaying
Stanza 3.53.16
स॒स॒र्प॒रीर॑भर॒त्तूय॑मे॒भ्योऽधि॒ श्रवः॒ पाञ्च॑जन्यासु कृ॒ष्टिषु॑ | सा प॒क्ष्या॒३॒॑ नव्य॒मायु॒र्दधा॑ना॒ यां मे॑ पलस्तिजमद॒ग्नयो॑ द॒दुः ||
sasarparī́r abharat tū́yam ebhyó 'dhi śrávaḥ pā́ñcajanyāsu kr̥ṣṭíṣu sā́ pakṣyāā̀ návyam ā́yur dádhānā yā́m me palastijamadagnáyo dadúḥ
Sasarparî brought glory swiftly to the five peoples! She, the daughter of Paksha, grants new life and vitality, the very one given to me by the ancient Jamadagnis!
This verse continues the theme from the previous one, referring to Sasarparî. It states she brought glory quickly to the people ('panchajanya'). She is described as the 'Daughter of Paksha', bestowing new vitality and life. The speaker acknowledges that this gift was given to them by the ancient Jamadagnis.
Meter:
- A. ससर्परी ईरभर तूयमे भ्यो sasarparī́ḥ abharat tū́yam ebhyaḥ (11 syllables)
- B. अधि श्रवः पाञ्चजन्यासु कृष्टिषु ádhi śrávaḥ pā́ñcajanyāsu kr̥ṣṭíṣu (12 syllables)
- C. सा नव्य आयुः दधाना sā́ pakṣyā̀ návyam ā́yuḥ dádhānā (11 syllables)
- D. यां मे पलस्तिजमदग्नयो ददुः yā́m me palastijamadagnáyaḥ dadúḥ (12 syllables)
ससर्परी (sasarparī́ḥ)
Sasarparî
ईरभर (abharat)
she brought
तूयमे (tū́yam)
swiftly, quickly
भ्यो (ebhyaḥ)
to them
अधि (ádhi)
upon, over
श्रवः (śrávaḥ)
glory, fame
पाञ्चजन्यासु (pā́ñcajanyāsu)
among the five peoples
कृष्टिषु (kr̥ṣṭíṣu)
among the communities, races
सा (sā́)
she
(pakṣyā̀)
नव्य (návyam)
new
आयुः (ā́yuḥ)
life, vital power
दधाना (dádhānā)
giving, bestowing
यां (yā́m)
whom
मे (me)
to me
पलस्तिजमदग्नयो (palastijamadagnáyaḥ)
the ancient Jamadagnis
ददुः (dadúḥ)
gave
Stanza 3.53.17
स्थि॒रौ गावौ॑ भवतां वी॒ळुरक्षो॒ मेषा वि व॑र्हि॒ मा यु॒गं वि शा॑रि | इन्द्रः॑ पात॒ल्ये॑ ददतां॒ शरी॑तो॒ररि॑ष्टनेमे अ॒भि नः॑ सचस्व ||
sthiraú gā́vau bhavatāṁ vīḷúr ákṣo méṣā́ ví varhi mā́ yugáṁ ví śāri índraḥ pātalyè dadatāṁ śárītor áriṣṭaneme abhí naḥ sacasva
May our oxen be strong and axles firm! May the yoke and pole not break! O Indra, may the chariot parts remain intact, and may you stay with us, O one with uninjured wheels!
This verse is a prayer for the well-being of a chariot or vehicle. The speaker wishes for strong oxen, firm axles, and for the yoke and pole not to break. They invoke Indra for protection, asking for the chariot's parts to be sound and for the chariot to stay with them without injury.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. स्थिरौ गावौ भवतां वीळुर क्षो sthiraú gā́vau bhavatām vīḷúḥ ákṣaḥ (11 syllables)
- B. मा षा वि वर्हि मा युगं वि शारि mā́ īṣā́ ví varhi mā́ yugám ví śāri (11 syllables)
- C. इन्द्रः पातल्ये ददतां शरीतो índraḥ pātalyè dadatām śárītoḥ (11 syllables)
- D. अरिष्टनेमे अभि नः सचस्व áriṣṭaneme abhí naḥ sacasva (11 syllables)
स्थिरौ (sthiraú)
strong, firm
गावौ (gā́vau)
oxen (dual)
भवतां (bhavatām)
may they be
वीळुर (vīḷúḥ)
firm, strong
क्षो (ákṣaḥ)
axle
मा (mā́)
do not
षा (īṣā́)
yoke-pin
वि (ví)
apart, broken
वर्हि (varhi)
may it be broken
मा (mā́)
do not
युगं (yugám)
yoke
वि (ví)
apart, broken
शारि (śāri)
may it be broken
इन्द्रः (índraḥ)
Indra
पातल्ये (pātalyè)
yoke-pins
ददतां (dadatām)
may they give
शरीतो (śárītoḥ)
from breaking
अरिष्टनेमे (áriṣṭaneme)
O one with uninjured wheel-rims
अभि (abhí)
towards, with
नः (naḥ)
us
सचस्व (sacasva)
attend, accompany
Stanza 3.53.18
बलं॑ धेहि त॒नूषु॑ नो॒ बल॑मिन्द्रान॒ळुत्सु॑ नः | बलं॑ तो॒काय॒ तन॑याय जी॒वसे॒ त्वं हि ब॑ल॒दा असि॑ ||
bálaṁ dhehi tanū́ṣu no bálam indrānaḷútsu naḥ bálaṁ tokā́ya tánayāya jīváse tváṁ hí baladā́ ási
Give strength to our bodies, Indra! Give strength to the bullocks pulling carts! Give strength to our children and descendants for life! You are indeed the giver of strength!
This is a prayer for strength, asking Indra to bestow it upon the bodies of the people, upon the bullocks drawing carts, and upon their children and descendants for the sake of life. The verse concludes by affirming Indra's role as the giver of strength.
Meter: Brhati
- A. बलं धेहि त 0 नः bálam dhehi tanū́ṣu naḥ (8 syllables)
- B. बलं इन्द्र ानळुत्सु नः bálam indra anaḷútsu naḥ (8 syllables)
- C. बलं तोकाय तनयाय जीवसे bálam tokā́ya tánayāya jīváse (12 syllables)
- D. त्वं हि बलदा असि tvám hí baladā́ḥ ási (8 syllables)
बलं (bálam)
strength
धेहि (dhehi)
place, bestow
त 0 (tanū́ṣu)
in the bodies
नः (naḥ)
our
बलं (bálam)
strength
इन्द्र (indra)
O Indra
ानळुत्सु (anaḷútsu)
in the bullocks (drawing carts)
नः (naḥ)
our
बलं (bálam)
strength
तोकाय (tokā́ya)
for the offspring
तनयाय (tánayāya)
for the descendants
जीवसे (jīváse)
for living
त्वं (tvám)
you
हि (hí)
indeed
बलदा (baladā́ḥ)
giver of strength
असि (ási)
you are
Stanza 3.53.19
अ॒भि व्य॑यस्व खदि॒रस्य॒ सार॒मोजो॑ धेहि स्पन्द॒ने शिं॒शपा॑याम् | अक्ष॑ वीळो वीळित वी॒ळय॑स्व॒ मा यामा॑द॒स्मादव॑ जीहिपो नः ||
abhí vyayasva khadirásya sā́ram ójo dhehi spandané śiṁśápāyām ákṣa vīḷo vīḷita vīḷáyasva mā́ yā́mād asmā́d áva jīhipo naḥ
Wrap yourself in the strong heartwood, give strength to the moving parts! O Axle, be strong and steady! Don't let us fall off from this chariot!
This verse is a plea for robustness and firmness, addressing the axle and other parts of a chariot. The speaker asks for the 'essence' of Khadira wood and asks for strength to be placed in the moving parts. They urge the axle to be strong and steady, and to not let them fall off the chariot.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. अभि व्ययस्व खदिरस्य सारम abhí vyayasva khadirásya sā́ram (11 syllables)
- B. ओजो धेहि स्पन्दने शिंशापायाम् ójaḥ dhehi spandané śiṃśápāyām (11 syllables)
- C. अक्ष वीळो वीळित वीळयस्व ákṣa vīḷo vīḷita vīḷáyasva (11 syllables)
- D. मा यामाद स्मादव अव जीहिपो नः mā́ yā́māt asmā́t áva jīhipaḥ naḥ (11 syllables)
अभि (abhí)
around, upon
व्ययस्व (vyayasva)
wrap yourself, enclose
खदिरस्य (khadirásya)
of the Khadira (acacia) wood
सारम (sā́ram)
essence, core
ओजो (ójaḥ)
strength, vigor
धेहि (dhehi)
place, put
स्पन्दने (spandané)
in the moving part
शिंशापायाम् (śiṃśápāyām)
in the Shinsapa wood
अक्ष (ákṣa)
O axle
वीळो (vīḷo)
O strong one
वीळित (vīḷita)
strengthened, made firm
वीळयस्व (vīḷáyasva)
strengthen yourself
मा (mā́)
do not
यामाद (yā́māt)
from the chariot-ride
स्मादव (asmā́t)
from this
अव (áva)
down
जीहिपो (jīhipaḥ)
may you drop, fall
नः (naḥ)
us
Stanza 3.53.20
अ॒यम॒स्मान्वन॒स्पति॒र्मा च॒ हा मा च॑ रीरिषत् | स्व॒स्त्या गृ॒हेभ्य॒ आव॒सा आ वि॒मोच॑नात् ||
ayám asmā́n vánaspátir mā́ ca hā́ mā́ ca rīriṣat svasty ā́ gr̥hébhya ā́vasā́ ā́ vimócanāt
May this lord of the forest not abandon us or harm us! May we be safe until we reach our homes, rest, and unharness!
This verse is a prayer for protection during travel. The speaker asks that the 'Lord of the forest' (likely referring to the chariot or its components) not abandon or harm them. They wish for safety and well-being until they reach their homes, rest, and unharness their vehicle.
Meter: Anushtubh
- A. अ स्मान्व नस्पति ayám asmā́n vánaspátiḥ (8 syllables)
- B. मा च हा मा च रीरिषत् mā́ ca hā́ḥ mā́ ca rīriṣat (8 syllables)
- C. स्वस्ति आ गृहेभ्य आ svastí ā́ gr̥hébhyaḥ ā́ (8 syllables)
- D. वसा आ विमोचनात् avasaí ā́ vimócanāt (8 syllables)
अ (ayám)
this
स्मान्व (asmā́n)
us
नस्पति (vánaspátiḥ)
lord of the forest (chariot/vehicle)
मा (mā́)
do not
च (ca)
and
हा (hā́ḥ)
may he leave
मा (mā́)
do not
च (ca)
and
रीरिषत् (rīriṣat)
may he harm
स्वस्ति (svastí)
safety, well-being
आ (ā́)
hither
गृहेभ्य (gr̥hébhyaḥ)
from the homes
आ (ā́)
hither
वसा (avasaí)
until rest
आ (ā́)
hither
विमोचनात् (vimócanāt)
from unharnessing
Stanza 3.53.21
इन्द्रो॒तिभि॑र्बहु॒लाभि॑र्नो अ॒द्य या॑च्छ्रे॒ष्ठाभि॑र्मघवञ्छूर जिन्व | यो नो॒ द्वेष्ट्यध॑रः॒ सस्प॑दीष्ट॒ यमु॑ द्वि॒ष्मस्तमु॑ प्रा॒णो ज॑हातु ||
índrotíbhir bahulā́bhir no adyá yācchreṣṭhā́bhir maghavañ chūra jinva yó no dvéṣṭy ádharaḥ sás padīṣṭa yám u dviṣmás tám u prāṇó jahātu
Come to us today with your best help, O Indra, O Hero! Let our enemy fall down! Let the one we hate lose their breath!
This verse is a strong plea to Indra for help against enemies. The speaker asks Indra to come with his best aids and to invigorate them. They express a desire for their enemies to be defeated ('fall headlong') and for those they hate to lose their life breath.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. इन्द्रो तिभिर्ब हुलाभि न अद्य índra ūtíbhiḥ bahulā́bhiḥ naḥ adyá (11 syllables)
- B. याच्छ्रे ष्ठभिर्म घवन्शू र yācchreṣṭhā́bhiḥ maghavan śūra jinva (11 syllables)
- C. जि न यो न द्वेष्ट्य ध yáḥ naḥ dvéṣṭi ádharaḥ sáḥ padīṣṭa (11 syllables)
- D. रः ष्म प दि ष्म स्त मु yám u dviṣmáḥ tám u prāṇáḥ jahātu (11 syllables)
इन्द्रो (índra)
O Indra
तिभिर्ब (ūtíbhiḥ)
with helps, aids
हुलाभि (bahulā́bhiḥ)
numerous, abundant
न (naḥ)
us
अद्य (adyá)
today
याच्छ्रे (yācchreṣṭhā́bhiḥ)
with the best
ष्ठभिर्म (maghavan)
O wealthy one
घवन्शू (śūra)
O hero
र (jinva)
invigorate, enliven
जि (yáḥ)
who
न (naḥ)
us
यो (dvéṣṭi)
hates
न (ádharaḥ)
downwards, lower
द्वेष्ट्य (sáḥ)
he
ध (padīṣṭa)
may he fall
रः (yám)
whom
ष्म (u)
indeed
प (dviṣmáḥ)
we hate
दि (tám)
him
ष्म (u)
indeed
स्त (prāṇáḥ)
life-breath
मु (jahātu)
may he leave
Stanza 3.53.22
प॒र॒शुं चि॒द्वि त॑पति शिम्ब॒लं चि॒द्वि वृ॑श्चति | उ॒खा चि॑दिन्द्र॒ येष॑न्ती॒ प्रय॑स्ता॒ फेन॑मस्यति ||
paraśúṁ cid ví tapati śimbaláṁ cid ví vr̥ścati ukhā́ cid indra yéṣantī práyastā phénam asyati
He heats his axe, cuts a Shimbara blossom! Like a cracked cauldron pouring foam, O Indra, so he acts!
This verse describes a powerful, almost destructive force, comparing it to Indra's actions. It mentions heating an axe, cutting a Shimbara blossom, and a cracked cauldron pouring out foam. This imagery likely symbolizes intense power and forceful action, perhaps related to the destructive aspect of nature or a deity.
Meter: Anushtubh
- A. परशुं श्च चि तपति paraśúm cit ví tapati (8 syllables)
- B. शिं श्च चि द्वि śimbalám cit ví vr̥ścati (8 syllables)
- C. वृ श्च ति उखा ukhā́ cit indra yéṣantī (8 syllables)
- D. चि दि न्द्र práyastā phénam asyati (8 syllables)
परशुं (paraśúm)
axe
श्च (cit)
even
चि (ví)
apart
तपति (tapati)
he heats
शिं (śimbalám)
Shimbara blossom
श्च (cit)
even
चि (ví)
apart
द्वि (vr̥ścati)
he cuts
वृ (ukhā́)
caldron, pot
श्च (cit)
even
ति (indra)
O Indra
उखा (yéṣantī)
flowing, seething
चि (práyastā)
cracked, broken
दि (phénam)
foam
न्द्र (asyati)
pours out
Stanza 3.53.23
न साय॑कस्य चिकिते जनासो लो॒धं न॑यन्ति॒ पशु॒ मन्य॑मानाः | नावा॑जिनं वा॒जिना॑ हासयन्ति॒ न ग॑र्द॒भं पु॒रो अश्वा॑न्नयन्ति ||
ná sā́yakasya cikite janāso lodháṁ nayanti páśu mányamānāḥ nā́vājinaṁ vājínā hāsayanti ná gardabhám puró áśvān nayanti
People don't notice the arrow, oh folk! They mistake a red beast for a bull! They don't run a slow horse with a fast one, nor lead a donkey before a horse!
This verse criticizes people who fail to recognize something important, comparing it to not noticing an arrow. It states that they mistakenly lead a red beast, thinking it's a bull. They also fail to properly manage horses, not running a lazy steed alongside a fast one, and never placing a donkey in front of a horse.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. शु साय क स्य ná sā́yakasya cikite janāsaḥ (11 syllables)
- B. जना न लो धं lodhám nayanti páśu mányamānāḥ (11 syllables)
- C. शु य न्ति प ná ávājinam vājínā hāsayanti (11 syllables)
- D. शु म न्य मा न ná gardabhám purás áśvāt nayanti (11 syllables)
शु (ná)
not
साय (sā́yakasya)
of the arrow
क (cikite)
is noticed, recognized
स्य (janāsaḥ)
O people
जना (lodhám)
red beast (mistaken for bull)
न (nayanti)
they lead
लो (páśu)
animal, beast
धं (mányamānāḥ)
thinking, considering
शु (ná)
not
य (ávājinam)
a sluggish steed
न्ति (vājínā)
with a swift steed
प (hāsayanti)
they make run, they run
शु (ná)
not
म (gardabhám)
donkey
न्य (purás)
in front
मा (áśvāt)
before the horse
न (nayanti)
they lead
Stanza 3.53.24
इ॒म इ॑न्द्र भर॒तस्य॑ पु॒त्रा अ॑पपि॒त्वं चि॑कितु॒र्न प्र॑पि॒त्वम् | हि॒न्वन्त्यश्व॒मर॑णं॒ न नित्यं॒ ज्या॑वाजं॒ परि॑ णयन्त्या॒जौ ||
imá indra bharatásya putrā́ apapitváṁ cikitur ná prapitvám hinvánty áśvam áraṇaṁ ná nítyaṁ jyāā̀vājam pári ṇayanty ājaú
These sons of Bharata, O Indra, do not understand separation or connection! They treat their own horse like another's, and guide it into battle like a taut bowstring!
This verse addresses Indra, stating that the sons of Bharata (the people) have failed to understand separation or connection. They treat their own horse as if it were another's and, like a taut bowstring, they guide it into battle.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. इ मे इ न्द imé indra bharatásya putrā́ḥ (11 syllables)
- B. ्र व apapitvám cikituḥ ná prapitvám (11 syllables)
- C. hinvánti áśvam áraṇam ná nítyam (11 syllables)
- D. jyā̀vājam pári nayanti ājaú (11 syllables)
इ (imé)
these
मे (indra)
O Indra
इ (bharatásya)
of Bharata
न्द (putrā́ḥ)
sons
्र (apapitvám)
severance, separation
व (cikituḥ)
they have understood
(ná)
not
(prapitvám)
connection, nearness
(hinvánti)
they urge on
(áśvam)
horse
(áraṇam)
another's, external
(ná)
not
(nítyam)
always, constant
(jyā̀vājam)
swift as the bowstring
(pári)
around
(nayanti)
they lead
(ājaú)
into battle