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Stanza 3.38.1
अ॒भि तष्टे॑व दीधया मनी॒षामत्यो॒ न वा॒जी सु॒धुरो॒ जिहा॑नः | अ॒भि प्रि॒याणि॒ मर्मृ॑श॒त्परा॑णि क॒वीँरि॑च्छामि सं॒दृशे॑ सुमे॒धाः ||
abhí táṣṭeva dīdhayā manīṣā́m átyo ná vājī́ sudhúro jíhānaḥ abhí priyā́ṇi mármr̥śat párāṇi kavī́m̐r ichāmi saṁdŕ̥śe sumedhā́ḥ
Like a craftsman with skill, I have fashioned this thought. Like a strong horse, swift and powerful, it runs. I'm pondering what's most dear and important, wishing to see the wise ones with my brilliant mind.
This verse describes a poet's internal process of seeking inspiration. The poet compares their mind to a skilled craftsman and their thoughts to a powerful horse, driven by a desire to understand and connect with wise sages.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. अभि तष्टेव इव दीधया मनीषाम abhí táṣṭā iva dīdhaya + manīṣā́m (11 syllables)
- B. अत्यो न वाजी सुधुरो जिहानः átyaḥ ná vājī́ sudhúraḥ jíhānaḥ (11 syllables)
- C. अभि प्रियाणि मर्मृशत् पराणि abhí priyā́ṇi mármr̥śat párāṇi (11 syllables)
- D. कवीन् इच्छामि संदृशे सुमेधाः kavī́n ichāmi saṃdŕ̥śe sumedhā́ḥ (11 syllables)
अभि (abhí)
about/concerning
तष्टेव (táṣṭā)
craftsman
इव (iva)
like
दीधया (dīdhaya +)
I have fashioned/created
मनीषाम (manīṣā́m)
thought/intellect
अत्यो (átyaḥ)
horse
न (ná)
like
वाजी (vājī́)
strong/swift one
सुधुरो (sudhúraḥ)
pulling well/strong
जिहानः (jíhānaḥ)
running/moving
अभि (abhí)
about/concerning
प्रियाणि (priyā́ṇi)
dear/beloved
मर्मृशत् (mármr̥śat)
pondering/reflecting upon
पराणि (párāṇi)
beyond/most noble
कवीन् (kavī́n)
sages/wise ones
इच्छामि (ichāmi)
I desire/wish
संदृशे (saṃdŕ̥śe)
for seeing/in order to see
सुमेधाः (sumedhā́ḥ)
very intelligent/wise
Stanza 3.38.2
इ॒नोत पृ॑च्छ॒ जनि॑मा कवी॒नां म॑नो॒धृतः॑ सु॒कृत॑स्तक्षत॒ द्याम् | इ॒मा उ॑ ते प्र॒ण्यो॒३॒॑ वर्ध॑माना॒ मनो॑वाता॒ अध॒ नु धर्म॑णि ग्मन् ||
inótá pr̥cha jánimā kavīnā́m manodhŕ̥taḥ sukŕ̥tas takṣata dyā́m imā́ u te praṇyò várdhamānā mánovātā ádha nú dhármaṇi gman
Ask about the birth of the wise, those whose minds are firm and actions skillful, who shaped the sky. These are your cherished, growing inspirations, who have now become the upholders of the heavens.
The poet urges to seek knowledge about the origins and powers of the wise (kavīnām). These wise beings, with their minds focused and actions skillful, are described as shaping the very heavens, and their wisdom is presented as continuously growing and guiding.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. इनोत उत पृच्छ जनिमा कवीनां inā́ utá pr̥cha jánima + kavīnā́m (11 syllables)
- B. मनोधृतः सुकृतः तक्षत द्याम् manodhŕ̥taḥ sukŕ̥taḥ takṣata dyā́m (11 syllables)
- C. इमा उ ते प्रण्यो वर्धमाना imā́ḥ u te praṇyàḥ várdhamānāḥ (11 syllables)
- D. मनोवाता अध नु धर्मणि ग्मन् mánovātāḥ ádha nú dhármaṇi gman (11 syllables)
इनोत (inā́)
powerful/sustaining
उत (utá)
and also
पृच्छ (pr̥cha)
ask/inquire
जनिमा (jánima +)
birth/origin
कवीनां (kavīnā́m)
of the wise ones
मनोधृतः (manodhŕ̥taḥ)
mind-holders/steadfast-minded
सुकृतः (sukŕ̥taḥ)
skillfully made/created
तक्षत (takṣata)
they shaped/fashioned
द्याम् (dyā́m)
sky/heaven
इमा (imā́ḥ)
these
उ (u)
indeed
ते (te)
your
प्रण्यो (praṇyàḥ)
leading forward/inspiring
वर्धमाना (várdhamānāḥ)
growing/increasing
मनोवाता (mánovātāḥ)
mind-supported/inspired
अध (ádha)
then/now
नु (nú)
now
धर्मणि (dhármaṇi)
in the support/order
ग्मन् (gman)
they went/came
Stanza 3.38.3
नि षी॒मिदत्र॒ गुह्या॒ दधा॑ना उ॒त क्ष॒त्राय॒ रोद॑सी॒ सम॑ञ्जन् | सं मात्रा॑भिर्ममि॒रे ये॒मुरु॒र्वी अ॒न्तर्म॒ही समृ॑ते॒ धाय॑से धुः ||
ní ṣīm íd átra gúhyā dádhānā utá kṣatrā́ya ródasī sám añjan sám mā́trābhir mamiré yemúr urvī́ antár mahī́ sámr̥te dhā́yase dhuḥ
They established hidden forces here, adorning the sky and earth for supreme rule. With careful measures, they set their vast spaces, fixing the great realms for sustenance.
This verse speaks of beings who, by establishing mysterious powers and order, adorned the heavens and earth for great dominion. They measured and fixed cosmic expanses, setting them apart for stability and function.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. नि षीमिदत्र इत् अत्र गुह्या दधाना ní sīm ít átra gúhyā dádhānāḥ (11 syllables)
- B. उत क्षत्राय रोदसी सं अञ्जन् utá kṣatrā́ya ródasī sám añjan (11 syllables)
- C. सं मात्राभिर्ममिरे ममिरे येमुरुर्वी उर्वी sám mā́trābhiḥ mamiré yemúḥ urvī́ (11 syllables)
- D. अन्तर्मही मही समृते धायसे धुः antár mahī́ sámr̥te dhā́yase dhuḥ (11 syllables)
नि (ní)
down/in
षीमिदत्र (sīm)
them
इत् (ít)
indeed
अत्र (átra)
here
गुह्या (gúhyā)
hidden/mysterious
दधाना (dádhānāḥ)
establishing/placing
उत (utá)
and
क्षत्राय (kṣatrā́ya)
for dominion/rule
रोदसी (ródasī)
sky and earth
सं (sám)
with
अञ्जन् (añjan)
they adorned/anointed
सं (sám)
with
मात्राभिर्ममिरे (mā́trābhiḥ)
measures/dimensions
ममिरे (mamiré)
they measured
येमुरुर्वी (yemúḥ)
they fixed/established
उर्वी (urvī́)
broad expanses
अन्तर्मही (antár)
within/apart
मही (mahī́)
great
समृते (sámr̥te)
held together/fixed
धायसे (dhā́yase)
for holding/support
धुः (dhuḥ)
they placed/established
Stanza 3.38.4
आ॒तिष्ठ॑न्तं॒ परि॒ विश्वे॑ अभूष॒ञ्छ्रियो॒ वसा॑नश्चरति॒ स्वरो॑चिः | म॒हत्तद्वृष्णो॒ असु॑रस्य॒ नामा वि॒श्वरू॑पो अ॒मृता॑नि तस्थौ ||
ātíṣṭhantam pári víśve abhūṣañ chríyo vásānaś carati svárociḥ mahát tád vŕ̥ṣṇo ásurasya nā́mā́ viśvárūpo amŕ̥tāni tasthau
As it ascended, all things adorned it. Clad in splendor, it moves, self-shining. That is the mighty name of the Bull, the Asura. In all its forms, it has reached the eternal.
As this radiant being, described as a powerful Bull (Vr̥ṣa) and Asura, ascended, all elements adorned it. This self-luminous entity, in its manifold forms, has attained the eternal realms.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. आतिष्ठन्तं परि विश्वे अभूषञ्छ्रियो ātíṣṭhantam pári víśve abhūṣan (11 syllables)
- B. श्रियो वसान चरति स्वारोचिः śríyaḥ vásānaḥ carati svárociḥ (11 syllables)
- C. ममहत् तद्वृष्णो वृष्णो असुरस्य नाम् mahát tát vŕ̥ṣṇaḥ ásurasya nā́ma (11 syllables)
- D. आ विश्व.रूपो अमृतानि तस्थौ ā́ viśvárūpaḥ amŕ̥tāni tasthau (11 syllables)
आतिष्ठन्तं (ātíṣṭhantam)
ascending/mounting
परि (pári)
around/all
विश्वे (víśve)
all
अभूषञ्छ्रियो (abhūṣan)
they adorned
श्रियो (śríyaḥ)
splendors/beauties
वसान (vásānaḥ)
wearing/clothed in
चरति (carati)
it moves/travels
स्वारोचिः (svárociḥ)
self-luminous
ममहत् (mahát)
great
तद्वृष्णो (tát)
that
वृष्णो (vŕ̥ṣṇaḥ)
of the Bull (powerful)
असुरस्य (ásurasya)
of the Asura (divine being)
नाम् (nā́ma)
name/figure
आ (ā́)
indeed
विश्व.रूपो (viśvárūpaḥ)
all-formed/of manifold forms
अमृतानि (amŕ̥tāni)
immortal/eternal
तस्थौ (tasthau)
it stood/has reached
Stanza 3.38.5
असू॑त॒ पूर्वो॑ वृष॒भो ज्याया॑नि॒मा अ॑स्य शु॒रुधः॑ सन्ति पू॒र्वीः | दिवो॑ नपाता वि॒दथ॑स्य धी॒भिः क्ष॒त्रं रा॑जाना प्र॒दिवो॑ दधाथे ||
ásūta pū́rvo vr̥ṣabhó jyā́yān imā́ asya śurúdhaḥ santi pūrvī́ḥ dívo napātā vidáthasya dhībhíḥ kṣatráṁ rājānā pradívo dadhāthe
The ancient Bull first gave birth to offspring; these are his many streams of sustenance. You two Kings, sons of the sky, through wisdom and devotion, have established your dominion.
This verse refers to a primal 'Bull' who produced progeny. These numerous 'draughts' or offspring are sustained by their divine parent. The two 'Sons of Heaven' (kings or divine beings) are invoked, who, through devotion and wisdom, have established their dominion.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. असू़त पूर्व वृषभो ज्यायानि ásūta pū́rvaḥ vr̥ṣabháḥ jyā́yān (11 syllables)
- B. इमा अस्य शुरुधः सन्ति पूर्वीं imā́ḥ asya śurúdhaḥ santi pūrvī́ḥ (11 syllables)
- C. दिवो नपाता विदथस्य धीभिः dívaḥ napātā vidáthasya dhībhíḥ (11 syllables)
- D. क्षत्रं राजान प्रदिवो दधाथे kṣatrám rājānā pradívaḥ dadhāthe (11 syllables)
असू़त (ásūta)
it produced/gave birth
पूर्व (pū́rvaḥ)
first/ancient
वृषभो (vr̥ṣabháḥ)
Bull (powerful one)
ज्यायानि (jyā́yān)
greater/more ancient
इमा (imā́ḥ)
these
अस्य (asya)
his
शुरुधः (śurúdhaḥ)
sustenance/strengthening
सन्ति (santi)
are
पूर्वीं (pūrvī́ḥ)
many/numerous
दिवो (dívaḥ)
of the sky/heavenly
नपाता (napātā)
sons (of the sky)
विदथस्य (vidáthasya)
of the session/wisdom
धीभिः (dhībhíḥ)
by thoughts/wisdom
क्षत्रं (kṣatrám)
dominion/rule
राजान (rājānā)
two kings
प्रदिवो (pradívaḥ)
from ancient times/days
दधाथे (dadhāthe)
you two establish
Stanza 3.38.6
त्रीणि॑ राजाना वि॒दथे॑ पु॒रूणि॒ परि॒ विश्वा॑नि भूषथः॒ सदां॑सि | अप॑श्य॒मत्र॒ मन॑सा जग॒न्वान्व्र॒ते ग॑न्ध॒र्वाँ अपि॑ वा॒युके॑शान् ||
trī́ṇi rājānā vidáthe purū́ṇi pári víśvāni bhūṣathaḥ sádāṁsi ápaśyam átra mánasā jaganvā́n vraté gandharvā́m̐ ápi vāyúkeśān
You two Kings, you honor many seats in the sacred gathering. I saw here, going with my mind, the Gandharvas with wind-blown hair.
The verse addresses two 'Kings' (likely divine beings or powerful rulers), asking them to honor and uphold the many sacred 'seats' or realms. The speaker then describes a personal vision of Gandharvas (celestial musicians/beings) with wind-blown hair, moving with spiritual insight.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. त्रीणि राजान विदथे पुरूणि trī́ṇi rājānā vidáthe purū́ṇi (11 syllables)
- B. परि विश्वानि भूषथः सदांसि pári víśvāni bhūṣathaḥ sádāṃsi (11 syllables)
- C. अपश्यमत्र अत्र मनसा जगन्वान्व्रते ápaśyam átra mánasā jaganvā́n (11 syllables)
- D. व्रते गन्धर्वाँ अपि वायुकेशान् vraté gandharvā́n ápi vāyúkeśān (11 syllables)
त्रीणि (trī́ṇi)
three
राजान (rājānā)
two kings
विदथे (vidáthe)
in the assembly/sacred place
पुरूणि (purū́ṇi)
many
परि (pári)
around/completely
विश्वानि (víśvāni)
all
भूषथः (bhūṣathaḥ)
you two adorn/honor
सदांसि (sádāṃsi)
seats/abodes
अपश्यमत्र (ápaśyam)
I saw
अत्र (átra)
here
मनसा (mánasā)
with the mind
जगन्वान्व्रते (jaganvā́n)
going/having gone
व्रते (vraté)
in order/path
गन्धर्वाँ (gandharvā́n)
Gandharvas (celestial beings)
अपि (ápi)
also/even
वायुकेशान् (vāyúkeśān)
with wind-blown hair
Stanza 3.38.7
तदिन्न्व॑स्य वृष॒भस्य॑ धे॒नोरा नाम॑भिर्ममिरे॒ सक्म्यं॒ गोः | अ॒न्यद॑न्यदसु॒र्यं१॒॑ वसा॑ना॒ नि मा॒यिनो॑ ममिरे रू॒पम॑स्मिन् ||
tád ín nv àsya vr̥ṣabhásya dhenór ā́ nā́mabhir mamire sákmyaṁ góḥ anyád-anyad asuryàṁ vásānā ní māyíno mamire rūpám asmin
We established the companionship of the Bull and the Cow. They are adorned with many names. Endowed with divine power, the skillful shapers of illusion formed their various figures within him.
This verse discusses the connection between a powerful Bull (Vr̥ṣa) and a nurturing 'cow' (symbolic). Their forms and essences are intertwined. Beings endowed with divine power (Asuryam) and skillful in illusion (māyinaḥ) shape diverse forms within this cosmic union.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. तदिन्न्वस्य इन्न न अस्य वृषभस्य धेनो tát ít nú asya vr̥ṣabhásya dhenóḥ (11 syllables)
- B. आ नामभिर्ममिरे ममिरे सक्म्यं गोः ā́ nā́mabhiḥ mamire sákmyam góḥ (11 syllables)
- C. अन्यदन्यदसुर्यं असुर्यं वसाना anyád-anyat asuryàm vásānāḥ (11 syllables)
- D. नि मायनो ममिरे रूपमस्मिन् अस्मिन् ní māyínaḥ mamire rūpám asmin (11 syllables)
तदिन्न्वस्य (tát)
that
इन्न (ít)
indeed
न (nú)
now
अस्य (asya)
his
वृषभस्य (vr̥ṣabhásya)
of the Bull (powerful one)
धेनो (dhenóḥ)
of the nurturing one (cow)
आ (ā́)
indeed
नामभिर्ममिरे (nā́mabhiḥ)
by names
ममिरे (mamire)
they formed/fashioned
सक्म्यं (sákmyam)
companionship/union
गोः (góḥ)
of the Cow
अन्यदन्यदसुर्यं (anyád-anyat)
one after another/diverse
असुर्यं (asuryàm)
divine power/strength
वसाना (vásānāḥ)
wearing/endowed with
नि (ní)
down/within
मायनो (māyínaḥ)
illusionists/skillful shapers
ममिरे (mamire)
they formed/fashioned
रूपमस्मिन् (rūpám)
form/shape
अस्मिन् (asmin)
in him/this
Stanza 3.38.8
तदिन्न्व॑स्य सवि॒तुर्नकि॑र्मे हिर॒ण्ययी॑म॒मतिं॒ यामशि॑श्रेत् | आ सु॑ष्टु॒ती रोद॑सी विश्वमि॒न्वे अपी॑व॒ योषा॒ जनि॑मानि वव्रे ||
tád ín nv àsya savitúr nákir me hiraṇyáyīm amátiṁ yā́m áśiśret ā́ suṣṭutī́ ródasī viśvaminvé ápīva yóṣā jánimāni vavre
Let no one stop me from enjoying Savitr's golden radiance. With praise, this light embraces the sky and earth, like a woman cherishing her children.
The poet expresses a desire to fully experience the radiant, golden light bestowed by Savitr (the sun god). This light is said to embrace and nourish both the heavens and the earth, much like a mother cherishes her children.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. तदिन्नस्य इन्न नु अस्य सवितुर्नकि नकि मे tát ít nú asya savitúḥ nákiḥ me (11 syllables)
- B. हिरण्ययीममतिं अमतिं यामशिश्रेत् अशिश्रेत् hiraṇyáyīm amátim yā́m áśiśret (11 syllables)
- C. आ सुष्टुती रोदसी विश्वमिन्वे ā́ suṣṭutī́ ródasī viśvaminvé (11 syllables)
- D. अपीव इव योषा जनिमानि वव्रे ápi iva yóṣā jánimāni vavre (11 syllables)
तदिन्नस्य (tát)
that
इन्न (ít)
indeed
नु (nú)
now
अस्य (asya)
his
सवितुर्नकि (savitúḥ)
of Savitr (the sun god)
नकि (nákiḥ)
no one
मे (me)
me
हिरण्ययीममतिं (hiraṇyáyīm)
golden
अमतिं (amátim)
radiance/light
यामशिश्रेत् (yā́m)
which
अशिश्रेत् (áśiśret)
it spread/diffused
आ (ā́)
towards/upon
सुष्टुती (suṣṭutī́)
with good praise
रोदसी (ródasī)
sky and earth
विश्वमिन्वे (viśvaminvé)
embracing all
अपीव (ápi)
like/as
इव (iva)
as if
योषा (yóṣā)
woman
जनिमानि (jánimāni)
births/offspring
वव्रे (vavre)
she chose/cherished
Stanza 3.38.9
यु॒वं प्र॒त्नस्य॑ साधथो म॒हो यद्दैवी॑ स्व॒स्तिः परि॑ णः स्यातम् | गो॒पाजि॑ह्वस्य त॒स्थुषो॒ विरू॑पा॒ विश्वे॑ पश्यन्ति मा॒यिनः॑ कृ॒तानि॑ ||
yuvám pratnásya sādhatho mahó yád daívī svastíḥ pári ṇaḥ syātam gopā́jihvasya tasthúṣo vírūpā víśve paśyanti māyínaḥ kr̥tā́ni
You two, fulfill his great, ancient work. May divine protection be with us. All the wise beings see the varied forms and actions of him who stands firm, the one with a voice like a herdsman.
This verse addresses two divine powers (likely Indra and another deity), asking them to fulfill the great, ancient work and to protect the speaker with divine blessings. It describes a being who stands firm, whose voice is like a shepherd's, and whose diverse actions are observed by all wise beings.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. युवं प्रत्नस्य साधथो महो यद्दैवी yuvám pratnásya sādhathaḥ maháḥ yát (11 syllables)
- B. दैवी स्वस्तिः परि णः स्यातम daívī svastíḥ pári naḥ syātam (11 syllables)
- C. गोपाजिह्वस्य तस्थुषो विरूपा gopā́jihvasya tasthúṣaḥ vírūpā (11 syllables)
- D. विश्वे पश्यन्ति मायनः कृतानि víśve paśyanti māyínaḥ kr̥tā́ni (11 syllables)
युवं (yuvám)
you two
प्रत्नस्य (pratnásya)
ancient
साधथो (sādhathaḥ)
you two accomplish/fulfill
महो (maháḥ)
great
यद्दैवी (yát)
which
दैवी (daívī)
divine
स्वस्तिः (svastíḥ)
blessing/welfare
परि (pári)
around
णः (naḥ)
us
स्यातम (syātam)
may you be
गोपाजिह्वस्य (gopā́jihvasya)
whose voice is like a herdsman's
तस्थुषो (tasthúṣaḥ)
standing firm
विरूपा (vírūpā)
varied/diverse
विश्वे (víśve)
all
पश्यन्ति (paśyanti)
they see
मायनः (māyínaḥ)
wise/skilled beings
कृतानि (kr̥tā́ni)
actions/creations
Stanza 3.38.10
शु॒नं हु॑वेम म॒घवा॑न॒मिन्द्र॑म॒स्मिन्भरे॒ नृत॑मं॒ वाज॑सातौ | शृ॒ण्वन्त॑मु॒ग्रमू॒तये॑ स॒मत्सु॒ घ्नन्तं॑ वृ॒त्राणि॑ सं॒जितं॒ धना॑नाम् ||
śunáṁ huvema maghávānam índram asmín bháre nŕ̥tamaṁ vā́jasātau śr̥ṇvántam ugrám ūtáye samátsu ghnántaṁ vr̥trā́ṇi saṁjítaṁ dhánānām
Let us call upon the prosperous Indra, the best hero in the fight for riches. He listens, aids in battles, destroys enemies, and wins all wealth.
The poet calls upon Indra, the generous and powerful god, for auspiciousness and aid in times of conflict and acquisition of wealth. Indra is described as a supreme hero who listens, aids in battle, destroys enemies (Vritras), and is victorious in gaining riches.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. शुणं हुवेम मघवानमिन्द्रमस्मिन् इन्द्रम śunám huvema maghávānam índram (11 syllables)
- B. अस्मिन् भरे नृतमं वाजसातौ asmín bháre nŕ̥tamam vā́jasātau (11 syllables)
- C. शृण्वन्तमुग्रमूतये उग्रं ऊतये समत्सु śr̥ṇvántam ugrám ūtáye samátsu (11 syllables)
- D. घ्नन्तं वृत्राणि संजितं धनानाम् ghnántam vr̥trā́ṇi saṃjítam dhánānām (11 syllables)
शुणं (śunám)
auspiciously/favorably
हुवेम (huvema)
let us call
मघवानमिन्द्रमस्मिन् (maghávānam)
the wealthy/generous one
इन्द्रम (índram)
Indra
अस्मिन् (asmín)
in this
भरे (bháre)
in the contest/battle
नृतमं (nŕ̥tamam)
the best hero
वाजसातौ (vā́jasātau)
in the acquisition of wealth/food
शृण्वन्तमुग्रमूतये (śr̥ṇvántam)
hearing/listening
उग्रं (ugrám)
strong/mighty
ऊतये (ūtáye)
for aid/protection
समत्सु (samátsu)
in battles/gatherings
घ्नन्तं (ghnántam)
slaying/killing
वृत्राणि (vr̥trā́ṇi)
enemies (Vritras)
संजितं (saṃjítam)
victorious/conquering
धनानाम् (dhánānām)
of riches/possessions