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Stanza 3.26.1
वै॒श्वा॒न॒रं मन॑सा॒ग्निं नि॒चाय्या॑ ह॒विष्म॑न्तो अनुष॒त्यं स्व॒र्विद॑म् | सु॒दानुं॑ दे॒वं र॑थि॒रं व॑सू॒यवो॑ गी॒र्भी र॒ण्वं कु॑शि॒कासो॑ हवामहे ||
vaiśvānarám mánasāgníṁ nicā́yyā havíṣmanto anuṣatyáṁ svarvídam sudā́nuṁ deváṁ rathiráṁ vasūyávo gīrbhī́ raṇváṁ kuśikā́so havāmahe
With our minds focused, we Kuśikas, seeking riches, call upon Agni Vaiśvānara, the all-pervading fire, who brings forth light, who is truthful, generous, a divine charioteer. We offer our praise and worship to him.
The hymn begins with the Kuśika family, a group of sages, calling upon Agni in his universal form, Vaiśvānara. They recognize him as the source of light and truth, a generous and swift deity. They invoke him with offerings and prayers, seeking wealth and blessings.
Meter: Jagati
- A. वैश्वानरं मनसा अग्निम् निचाय्या vaiśvānarám mánasā agním nicā́yya + (12 syllables)
- B. हविष्मन्तः अनुषत्यं स्वर्विदं havíṣmantaḥ anuṣatyám svarvídam (12 syllables)
- C. सुदानुं देवं रथिं वसूयवः sudā́num devám rathirám vasūyávaḥ (12 syllables)
- D. गीर्भिः रणवं कुशिकाः हवामहे gīrbhíḥ raṇvám kuśikā́saḥ havāmahe (12 syllables)
वैश्वानरं (vaiśvānarám)
Agni as the universal form, encompassing all beings
मनसा (mánasā)
with the mind
अग्निम् (agním)
fire, the deity Agni
निचाय्या (nicā́yya +)
having discerned, having recognized
हविष्मन्तः (havíṣmantaḥ)
possessing offerings
अनुषत्यं (anuṣatyám)
truthful, in accordance with truth
स्वर्विदं (svarvídam)
finder of light or the sun
सुदानुं (sudā́num)
generous, liberal giver
देवं (devám)
divine, god
रथिं (rathirám)
charioteer
वसूयवः (vasūyávaḥ)
desiring wealth
गीर्भिः (gīrbhíḥ)
with hymns or songs
रणवं (raṇvám)
joyful, delightful
कुशिकाः (kuśikā́saḥ)
the Kuśikas (a priestly family)
हवामहे (havāmahe)
we call, we invoke
Stanza 3.26.2
तं शु॒भ्रम॒ग्निमव॑से हवामहे वैश्वान॒रं मा॑त॒रिश्वा॑नमु॒क्थ्य॑म् | बृह॒स्पतिं॒ मनु॑षो दे॒वता॑तये॒ विप्रं॒ श्रोता॑र॒मति॑थिं रघु॒ष्यद॑म् ||
táṁ śubhrám agním ávase havāmahe vaiśvānarám mātaríśvānam ukthyàm bŕ̥haspátim mánuṣo devátātaye vípraṁ śrótāram átithiṁ raghuṣyádam
We call upon that radiant Agni for our help, Vaiśvānara, Mātariśvan, the one worthy of praise. We call upon Bṛhaspati for humanity's connection with the divine, the wise one who listens, the swift-arriving guest.
The hymn continues by invoking Agni again, this time highlighting his brilliant and praiseworthy nature. He is identified with other divine figures like Mātariśvan and Bṛhaspati, representing cosmic and intellectual forces. They seek his help and acknowledge him as a responsive guest, vital for human endeavors and divine connection.
Meter: Jagati
- A. तं शुभ्रं अग्निं अवसे हवामहे tám śubhrám agním ávase havāmahe (12 syllables)
- B. वैश्वानरं मातरिश्वानं उक्थ्यं vaiśvānarám mātaríśvānam ukthyàm (12 syllables)
- C. बृहस्पतिं मनुषः देवताताये bŕ̥haspátim mánuṣaḥ devátātaye (12 syllables)
- D. विप्रं श्रोतारं अतिथिं रघुष्यदं vípram śrótāram átithim raghuṣyádam (12 syllables)
तं (tám)
him, that
शुभ्रं (śubhrám)
radiant, brilliant
अग्निं (agním)
fire, the deity Agni
अवसे (ávase)
for help, for protection
हवामहे (havāmahe)
we call, we invoke
वैश्वानरं (vaiśvānarám)
Agni as the universal form
मातरिश्वानं (mātaríśvānam)
Mātariśvan (a divine being associated with Agni)
उक्थ्यं (ukthyàm)
praiseworthy, worthy of hymns
बृहस्पतिं (bŕ̥haspátim)
Bṛhaspati (lord of prayer, intellect)
मनुषः (mánuṣaḥ)
of man
देवताताये (devátātaye)
for the divine fellowship or worship
विप्रं (vípram)
intelligent, wise
श्रोतारं (śrótāram)
listener
अतिथिं (átithim)
guest
रघुष्यदं (raghuṣyádam)
swiftly moving or arriving
Stanza 3.26.3
अश्वो॒ न क्रन्द॒ञ्जनि॑भिः॒ समि॑ध्यते वैश्वान॒रः कु॑शि॒केभि॑र्यु॒गेयु॑गे | स नो॑ अ॒ग्निः सु॒वीर्यं॒ स्वश्व्यं॒ दधा॑तु॒ रत्न॑म॒मृते॑षु॒ जागृ॑विः ||
áśvo ná krándañ jánibhiḥ sám idhyate vaiśvānaráḥ kuśikébhir yugé-yuge sá no agníḥ suvī́ryaṁ sváśvyaṁ dádhātu rátnam amŕ̥teṣu jā́gr̥viḥ
Agni Vaiśvānara awakens, like a horse neighing, with the help of people and the Kuśikas, generation after generation. May this Agni, who stays alert among the immortals, grant us great strength, abundant horses, and wealth.
Agni is depicted as a powerful, ever-present force, likened to a neighing horse, awakened and sustained by the Kuśikas and their women through generations. The hymn prays that this Agni, who is vigilant among the gods, grants them heroic strength, prosperity in horses, and abundant treasures.
Meter: Jagati
- A. अश्वः न क्रन्दं जनिभिः सं इध्यते áśvaḥ ná krándan jánibhiḥ sám idhyate (12 syllables)
- B. वैश्वानरः कुशिकैः युगेयुगे vaiśvānaráḥ kuśikébhiḥ yugé-yuge (12 syllables)
- C. स नः अग्निः सुवीर्यं स्वश्व्यं sá naḥ agníḥ suvī́ryam sváśvyam (12 syllables)
- D. दधातु रत्नं अमृतेषु जागृविः dádhātu rátnam amŕ̥teṣu jā́gr̥viḥ (12 syllables)
अश्वः (áśvaḥ)
horse
न (ná)
like
क्रन्दं (krándan)
neighing, crying out
जनिभिः (jánibhiḥ)
by the women, by the people
सं (sám)
together, completely
इध्यते (idhyate)
is kindled, is ignited
वैश्वानरः (vaiśvānaráḥ)
Agni as the universal form
कुशिकैः (kuśikébhiḥ)
by the Kuśikas
युगेयुगे (yugé-yuge)
in every age, from age to age
स (sá)
he
नः (naḥ)
to us
अग्निः (agníḥ)
fire, the deity Agni
सुवीर्यं (suvī́ryam)
heroic strength, valor
स्वश्व्यं (sváśvyam)
good horses, abundance of horses
दधातु (dádhātu)
may he grant, may he give
रत्नं (rátnam)
treasure, jewel
अमृतेषु (amŕ̥teṣu)
among the immortals
जागृविः (jā́gr̥viḥ)
being awake, vigilant
Stanza 3.26.4
प्र य॑न्तु॒ वाजा॒स्तवि॑षीभिर॒ग्नयः॑ शु॒भे सम्मि॑श्लाः॒ पृष॑तीरयुक्षत | बृ॒ह॒दुक्षो॑ म॒रुतो॑ वि॒श्ववे॑दसः॒ प्र वे॑पयन्ति॒ पर्व॑ताँ॒ अदा॑भ्याः ||
prá yantu vā́jās táviṣībhir agnáyaḥ śubhé sámmiślāḥ pŕ̥ṣatīr ayukṣata br̥hadúkṣo marúto viśvávedasaḥ prá vepayanti párvatām̐ ádābhyāḥ
Let the mighty powers, like fires, advance with their strength. United, they have harnessed their spotted horses for victory. The Maruts, vast and all-knowing, who cannot be overcome, make the mountains shake.
This verse shifts focus to the Maruts, divine storm-gods, described as powerful Agnis. They are depicted as moving forward with their might, harnessing their spotted steeds for a triumphant advance. These mighty, all-knowing Maruts possess an unconquerable nature and are shown to cause mountains to tremble.
Meter: Jagati
- A. प्र यन्तु वाजाः तविषीभिः अग्नयः prá yantu vā́jāḥ táviṣībhiḥ agnáyaḥ (12 syllables)
- B. शुभे समिश्लाः पृषतीः अयुक्षत śubhé sámmiślāḥ pŕ̥ṣatīḥ ayukṣata (12 syllables)
- C. बृहदुक्षः मरुतः विश्ववेदसः br̥hadúkṣaḥ marútaḥ viśvávedasaḥ (12 syllables)
- D. प्र वेपयन्ति पर्वतां अदाभ्याः prá vepayanti párvatān ádābhyāḥ (12 syllables)
प्र (prá)
forward
यन्तु (yantu)
may they go, may they advance
वाजाः (vā́jāḥ)
powers, strengths, victuals
तविषीभिः (táviṣībhiḥ)
with powers, with might
अग्नयः (agnáyaḥ)
fires (plural, referring to the Maruts)
शुभे (śubhé)
for victory, for prosperity
समिश्लाः (sámmiślāḥ)
united, gathered together
पृषतीः (pŕ̥ṣatīḥ)
spotted (referring to horses)
अयुक्षत (ayukṣata)
they yoked
बृहदुक्षः (br̥hadúkṣaḥ)
greatly powerful, expanding greatly
मरुतः (marútaḥ)
the Maruts (storm gods)
विश्ववेदसः (viśvávedasaḥ)
possessing all wealth, all-knowing
प्र (prá)
forward
वेपयन्ति (vepayanti)
they cause to tremble, they make shake
पर्वतां (párvatān)
mountains
अदाभ्याः (ádābhyāḥ)
invincible, not to be deceived
Stanza 3.26.5
अ॒ग्नि॒श्रियो॑ म॒रुतो॑ वि॒श्वकृ॑ष्टय॒ आ त्वे॒षमु॒ग्रमव॑ ईमहे व॒यम् | ते स्वा॒निनो॑ रु॒द्रिया॑ व॒र्षनि॑र्णिजः सिं॒हा न हे॒षक्र॑तवः सु॒दान॑वः ||
agniśríyo marúto viśvákr̥ṣṭaya ā́ tveṣám ugrám áva īmahe vayám té svāníno rudríyā varṣánirṇijaḥ siṁhā́ ná heṣákratavaḥ sudā́navaḥ
The Maruts, glorious like Agni and connected to all humanity, we call upon for their fierce, powerful protection. They are the roaring sons of Rudra, clothed in rain, powerful like lions, and generous givers.
The Maruts are further described as having the brilliance of Agni and being connected to all people. The hymn expresses a plea for their intense and powerful aid. They are characterized as tempestuous beings, sons of Rudra, clothed in rain, and roaring like lions, yet also generous providers.
Meter: Jagati
- A. अग्निश्रियः मरुतः विश्वकृष्टयः agniśríyaḥ marútaḥ viśvákr̥ṣṭayaḥ (12 syllables)
- B. आ त्वेषं उग्रं अवः ईमहे वयं ā́ tveṣám ugrám ávaḥ īmahe vayám (12 syllables)
- C. ते स्वानिनः रुद्रियाः वर्षनिर्णिजः té svānínaḥ rudríyāḥ varṣánirṇijaḥ (12 syllables)
- D. सिंहाः न हेषक्रतवः सुदानवः siṃhā́ḥ ná heṣákratavaḥ sudā́navaḥ (12 syllables)
अग्निश्रियः (agniśríyaḥ)
possessing the beauty or brilliance of Agni
मरुतः (marútaḥ)
the Maruts (storm gods)
विश्वकृष्टयः (viśvákr̥ṣṭayaḥ)
belonging to all tribes or races of men
आ (ā́)
towards
त्वेषं (tveṣám)
fierce, intense
उग्रं (ugrám)
powerful, terrible
अवः (ávaḥ)
protection, help
ईमहे (īmahe)
we implore, we ask for
वयं (vayám)
we
ते (té)
they
स्वानिनः (svānínaḥ)
roaring, thundering
रुद्रियाः (rudríyāḥ)
sons of Rudra (associated with storms)
वर्षनिर्णिजः (varṣánirṇijaḥ)
clothed in rain, having rain as their garment
सिंहाः (siṃhā́ḥ)
lions
न (ná)
like
हेषक्रतवः (heṣákratavaḥ)
powerful in their neighing or roaring
सुदानवः (sudā́navaḥ)
good givers, generous
Stanza 3.26.6
व्रातं॑व्रातं ग॒णंग॑णं सुश॒स्तिभि॑र॒ग्नेर्भामं॑ म॒रुता॒मोज॑ ईमहे | पृष॑दश्वासो अनव॒भ्ररा॑धसो॒ गन्ता॑रो य॒ज्ञं वि॒दथे॑षु॒ धीराः॑ ||
vrā́taṁ-vrātaṁ gaṇáṁ-gaṇaṁ suśastíbhir agnér bhā́mam marútām ója īmahe pŕ̥ṣadaśvāso anavabhrárādhaso gántāro yajñáṁ vidátheṣu dhī́rāḥ
We ask for the splendor of Agni and the strength of the Maruts, group after group, with good praises. With horses like spotted deer and wealth that never fails, these wise ones arrive at the sacrifice and rituals.
The hymn invokes the Maruts, described as organized groups, requesting Agni's radiance and the Maruts' strength. They are characterized by their spotted horses, unfailing wealth, and their wisdom in approaching the sacrifice. They are depicted as wise travelers who reach the sacred rituals.
Meter: Jagati
- A. व्रतं-व्रतं गणं-गणं सुशस्तिभिः vrā́taṃ-vrātam gaṇáṃ-gaṇam suśastíbhiḥ (12 syllables)
- B. अग्नेः भामं मरुतां ओजः ईमहे agnéḥ bhā́mam marútām ójaḥ īmahe (12 syllables)
- C. पृषदश्वासः अनवभ्रराधसः pŕ̥ṣadaśvāsaḥ anavabhrárādhasaḥ (12 syllables)
- D. गन्तारः यज्ञं विदथेषु धीराः gántāraḥ yajñám vidátheṣu dhī́rāḥ (11 syllables)
व्रतं-व्रतं (vrā́taṃ-vrātam)
group by group, troop by troop
गणं-गणं (gaṇáṃ-gaṇam)
group by group, company by company
सुशस्तिभिः (suśastíbhiḥ)
with excellent praises
अग्नेः (agnéḥ)
of Agni
भामं (bhā́mam)
radiance, splendor, brilliance
मरुतां (marútām)
of the Maruts
ओजः (ójaḥ)
strength, power, vigor
ईमहे (īmahe)
we implore, we ask for
पृषदश्वासः (pŕ̥ṣadaśvāsaḥ)
having spotted horses
अनवभ्रराधसः (anavabhrárādhasaḥ)
having inexhaustible or unfailing wealth
गन्तारः (gántāraḥ)
going, traveling
यज्ञं (yajñám)
sacrifice, ritual
विदथेषु (vidátheṣu)
in assemblies, in rituals, in knowledge
धीराः (dhī́rāḥ)
wise, intelligent, steadfast
Stanza 3.26.7
अ॒ग्निर॑स्मि॒ जन्म॑ना जा॒तवे॑दा घृ॒तं मे॒ चक्षु॑र॒मृतं॑ म आ॒सन् | अ॒र्कस्त्रि॒धातू॒ रज॑सो वि॒मानोऽज॑स्रो घ॒र्मो ह॒विर॑स्मि॒ नाम॑ ||
agnír asmi jánmanā jātávedā ghr̥tám me cákṣur amŕ̥tam ma āsán arkás tridhā́tū rájaso vimā́nó 'jasro gharmó havír asmi nā́ma
I am Agni, by birth, the knower of all beings. Ghee is my eye, and immortality is in my mouth. I am the threefold light, the shaper of the sky, the inexhaustible heat, and the oblation itself by name.
Agni speaks in the first person, declaring his identity and divine attributes. He states he is Agni, born with knowledge (Jātavedas), with ghee as his eye and nectar as his sustenance. He describes himself as a threefold light, a measurer of the atmosphere, an inexhaustible heat, and the sacrificial offering itself.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. अग्निः अस्मि जन्मना जातवेदाः agníḥ asmi jánmanā jātávedāḥ (11 syllables)
- B. घृतं मे चक्षुः अमृतं मे आसन् ghr̥tám me cákṣuḥ amŕ̥tam me āsán (11 syllables)
- C. अर्कः त्रिधातुः रजसः विमानो arkáḥ tridhā́tuḥ rájasaḥ vimā́naḥ (11 syllables)
- D. अजस्रः धर्मो हविः अस्मि नाम ájasraḥ gharmáḥ havíḥ asmi nā́ma (11 syllables)
अग्निः (agníḥ)
fire, the deity Agni
अस्मि (asmi)
I am
जन्मना (jánmanā)
by birth, by origin
जातवेदाः (jātávedāḥ)
knower of all beings or wealth
घृतं (ghr̥tám)
ghee, clarified butter
मे (me)
my
चक्षुः (cákṣuḥ)
eye
अमृतं (amŕ̥tam)
immortality, nectar
मे (me)
my
आसन् (āsán)
in the mouth
अर्कः (arkáḥ)
light, brilliance, hymn
त्रिधातुः (tridhā́tuḥ)
having three parts or elements, threefold
रजसः (rájasaḥ)
of the atmosphere, of the sky
विमानो (vimā́naḥ)
measurer, shaper
अजस्रः (ájasraḥ)
unceasing, inexhaustible
धर्मो (gharmáḥ)
heat, fervor, sacrificial vessel
हविः (havíḥ)
offering, oblation
अस्मि (asmi)
I am
नाम (nā́ma)
by name
Stanza 3.26.8
त्रि॒भिः प॒वित्रै॒रपु॑पो॒द्ध्य१॒॑र्कं हृ॒दा म॒तिं ज्योति॒रनु॑ प्रजा॒नन् | वर्षि॑ष्ठं॒ रत्न॑मकृत स्व॒धाभि॒रादिद्द्यावा॑पृथि॒वी पर्य॑पश्यत् ||
tribhíḥ pavítrair ápupod dhy àrkáṁ hr̥dā́ matíṁ jyótir ánu prajānán várṣiṣṭhaṁ rátnam akr̥ta svadhā́bhir ā́d íd dyā́vāpr̥thivī́ páry apaśyat
With three purifying agents, I have made the brilliance pure, understanding the light with my heart's thought. By my own intrinsic powers, I created the supreme treasure, and then I surveyed heaven and earth.
Agni describes his own divine action: purifying the light (or hymn) with three means, consciously connecting his heart's intention with the light. He created the greatest treasure through his inherent powers and then surveyed both heaven and earth.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. त्रिभिः पवित्रे अपुपोद् हि अर्कं tribhíḥ pavítraiḥ ápupot hí arkám (11 syllables)
- B. हृदा मतिं ज्योतिः अनु प्रजानन् hr̥dā́ matím jyótiḥ ánu prajānán (11 syllables)
- C. वर्षिष्ठं रत्नं अकृत स्वधाभिः várṣiṣṭham rátnam akr̥ta svadhā́bhiḥ (11 syllables)
- D. आत् इत् द्यावापृथिवी परि अपश्यत् ā́t ít dyā́vāpr̥thivī́ pári apaśyat (11 syllables)
त्रिभिः (tribhíḥ)
with three
पवित्रे (pavítraiḥ)
with purifiers, with filters
अपुपोद् (ápupot)
he purified
हि (hí)
indeed, certainly
अर्कं (arkám)
light, brilliance, hymn
हृदा (hr̥dā́)
with the heart
मतिं (matím)
thought, intention, meditation
ज्योतिः (jyótiḥ)
light
अनु (ánu)
following, according to
प्रजानन् (prajānán)
knowing, understanding
वर्षिष्ठं (várṣiṣṭham)
greatest, supreme
रत्नं (rátnam)
treasure, jewel
अकृत (akr̥ta)
he made, he created
स्वधाभिः (svadhā́bhiḥ)
by self-power, by inherent ability, by sustenance
आत् (ā́t)
then, thereupon
इत् (ít)
indeed, also
द्यावापृथिवी (dyā́vāpr̥thivī́)
heaven and earth
परि (pári)
around, completely
अपश्यत् (apaśyat)
he saw, he looked over
Stanza 3.26.9
श॒तधा॑र॒मुत्स॒मक्षी॑यमाणं विप॒श्चितं॑ पि॒तरं॒ वक्त्वा॑नाम् | मे॒ळिं मद॑न्तं पि॒त्रोरु॒पस्थे॒ तं रो॑दसी पिपृतं सत्य॒वाच॑म् ||
śatádhāram útsam ákṣīyamāṇaṁ vipaścítam pitáraṁ váktvānām meḷím mádantam pitrór upásthe táṁ rodasī pipr̥taṁ satyavā́cam
O Heaven and Earth, sustain and protect him who is the inexhaustible spring with a hundred streams, the father of inspired words, rejoicing in his parents' embrace. He is the wise one, the truth-speaker.
The hymn invokes Heaven and Earth (Dyāvāpṛthivī) to protect Agni, described as an inexhaustible spring with a hundred streams, the father of speech, joyful in his parental embrace. He is the intelligent one who understands prayers and speaks truth.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. शतधारं उत्सं अक्षीयमाणं śatádhāram útsam ákṣīyamāṇam (11 syllables)
- B. विपश्चितं पितरं वक्तृणां vipaścítam pitáram váktvānām (11 syllables)
- C. मेळं मदन्तं पित्रोः उपस्थे meḷím mádantam pitróḥ upásthe (11 syllables)
- D. तं रोदसी पिपृतं सत्यवाचं tám rodasī pipr̥tam satyavā́cam (11 syllables)
शतधारं (śatádhāram)
having a hundred streams
उत्सं (útsam)
spring, fountain
अक्षीयमाणं (ákṣīyamāṇam)
inexhaustible, unfailing
विपश्चितं (vipaścítam)
wise, intelligent, endowed with knowledge
पितरं (pitáram)
father
वक्तृणां (váktvānām)
of the words to be spoken
मेळं (meḷím)
shining, roaring, joyous
मदन्तं (mádantam)
rejoicing, gladdened
पित्रोः (pitróḥ)
of the two parents
उपस्थे (upásthe)
in the lap, in the presence
तं (tám)
him
रोदसी (rodasī)
O Heaven and Earth (dual)
पिपृतं (pipr̥tam)
may you fill, may you sustain, may you protect
सत्यवाचं (satyavā́cam)
truth-speaker