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Stanza 2.5.1
होता॑जनिष्ट॒ चेत॑नः पि॒ता पि॒तृभ्य॑ ऊ॒तये॑ | प्र॒यक्ष॒ञ्जेन्यं॒ वसु॑ श॒केम॑ वा॒जिनो॒ यम॑म् ||
hótājaniṣṭa cétanaḥ pitā́ pitŕ̥bhya ūtáye prayákṣañ jényaṁ vásu śakéma vājíno yámam
The knowing priest, the father, has been born to protect the ancestors. He diligently works for noble wealth, and we want to be able to harness the strength of this powerful being.
This verse introduces the divine Hotar (Hótar), a priest or officiant, who is born as a conscious father figure, ready to help and protect the ancestors ('fathers'). He is portrayed as a diligent worker, seeking noble wealth through his sacred duties, and the verse expresses a desire to harness his power and guidance.
Meter: Anushtubh
- A. होता जनिष्ट चेतनः hótā ajaniṣṭa cétanaḥ (8 syllables)
- B. पिता पितृभ्य ऊतये pitā́ pitŕ̥bhyaḥ ūtáye (8 syllables)
- C. प्रयक्षञ्जेन्यं जेन्यं वसु prayákṣan jényam vásu (8 syllables)
- D. शकेम वाजिनो यमम् śakéma vājínaḥ yámam (8 syllables)
होता (hótā)
priest, officiant
जनिष्ट (ajaniṣṭa)
was born
चेतनः (cétanaḥ)
conscious, aware
पिता (pitā́)
father
पितृभ्य (pitŕ̥bhyaḥ)
for the fathers, ancestors
ऊतये (ūtáye)
for help, for protection
प्रयक्षञ्जेन्यं (prayákṣan)
working diligently, applying
जेन्यं (jényam)
noble, excellent
वसु (vásu)
wealth, treasure
शकेम (śakéma)
may we be able
वाजिनो (vājínaḥ)
powerful, strong ones
यमम् (yámam)
control, grasp
Stanza 2.5.2
आ यस्मि॑न्त्स॒प्त र॒श्मय॑स्त॒ता य॒ज्ञस्य॑ ने॒तरि॑ | म॒नु॒ष्वद्दैव्य॑मष्ट॒मं पोता॒ विश्वं॒ तदि॑न्वति ||
ā́ yásmin saptá raśmáyas tatā́ yajñásya netári manuṣvád daívyam aṣṭamám pótā víśvaṁ tád invati
Towards him, the leader of the sacrifice, the seven reins are stretched. The Pota energizes all, like Manu, this divine eighth force.
This verse describes the Pota (Pótar), another officiating priest, as the leader of the sacrifice. Seven reins, or possibly rays of light, are stretched towards him. He, like Manu (the first man), is seen as a divine figure who propels and energizes everything.
Meter: Anushtubh
- A. आ यस्मिन् सप्त रश्मय ā́ yásmin saptá raśmáyaḥ (8 syllables)
- B. तता यज्ञस्य नेतरि tatā́ḥ yajñásya netári (8 syllables)
- C. मनुश्वत् दैव्यं अष्टमं manuṣvát daívyam aṣṭamám (8 syllables)
- D. पोता विश्वं तद् इन्वति pótā víśvam tát invati (8 syllables)
आ (ā́)
towards, unto
यस्मिन् (yásmin)
in whom
सप्त (saptá)
seven
रश्मय (raśmáyaḥ)
reins, rays, threads
तता (tatā́ḥ)
stretched out, extended
यज्ञस्य (yajñásya)
of the sacrifice
नेतरि (netári)
in the leader
मनुश्वत् (manuṣvát)
like Manu, human-like
दैव्यं (daívyam)
divine
अष्टमं (aṣṭamám)
eighth
पोता (pótā)
Pota (a type of priest)
विश्वं (víśvam)
all, everything
तद् (tát)
that
इन्वति (invati)
energizes, propels
Stanza 2.5.3
द॒ध॒न्वे वा॒ यदी॒मनु॒ वोच॒द्ब्रह्मा॑णि॒ वेरु॒ तत् | परि॒ विश्वा॑नि॒ काव्या॑ ने॒मिश्च॒क्रमि॑वाभवत् ||
dadhanvé vā yád īm ánu vócad bráhmāṇi vér u tát pári víśvāni kā́vyā nemíś cakrám ivābhavat
When he swiftly moves and speaks the sacred words, encompassing all wisdom, he becomes like the rim of a wheel, holding everything together.
This verse speaks of a priest, likely the Brakmana (Brahman), who swiftly moves and recites sacred words and duties. He is depicted as encompassing all knowledge, like the rim of a wheel encircling its spokes, suggesting completeness and control.
Meter: Anushtubh
- A. दधन्वे वा यत् ईं अनु dadhanvé vā yát īm ánu (8 syllables)
- B. वोचत् ब्रह्माणि वेरु उ तत् vócat bráhmāṇi véḥ u tát (8 syllables)
- C. परि विश्वा काव्या pári víśvāni kā́vyā (8 syllables)
- D. नेमिः चक्रम इव अभवत् nemíḥ cakrám iva abhavat (8 syllables)
दधन्वे (dadhanvé)
he moved swiftly, he ran
वा (vā)
or
यत् (yát)
that which
ईं (īm)
him/it
अनु (ánu)
following, along
वोचत् (vócat)
spoke, recited
ब्रह्माणि (bráhmāṇi)
sacred formulas, prayers
वेरु (véḥ)
he pursues, he follows
उ (u)
and
तत् (tát)
that
परि (pári)
around, surrounding
विश्वा (víśvāni)
all
काव्या (kā́vyā)
wisdoms, poetic works
नेमिः (nemíḥ)
rim, circumference
चक्रम (cakrám)
wheel
इव (iva)
like
अभवत् (abhavat)
became
Stanza 2.5.4
सा॒कं हि शुचि॑ना॒ शुचिः॑ प्रशा॒स्ता क्रतु॒नाज॑नि | वि॒द्वाँ अ॑स्य व्र॒ता ध्रु॒वा व॒या इ॒वानु॑ रोहते ||
sākáṁ hí śúcinā śúciḥ praśāstā́ krátunā́jani vidvā́m̐ asya vratā́ dhruvā́ vayā́ ivā́nu rohate
Born pure with pure power, the Praśāstar directs. Knowing the firm, unchanging laws, he grows like branches reaching out.
This verse describes the Praśāstar (Praśāstár), a priest who directs and guides, as being born pure and with pure intent, alongside pure spiritual power. He is knowledgeable about the stable, unchanging laws of the divine and grows in his understanding, much like branches extending from a tree.
Meter: Anushtubh
- A. साकं हि शुचिना शुचिः sākám hí śúcinā śúciḥ (8 syllables)
- B. प्रशास्ता क्रतुना अजनि praśāstā́ krátunā ájani (8 syllables)
- C. विद्वां अस्य व्रता ध्रुवा vidvā́n asya vratā́ dhruvā́ (8 syllables)
- D. वया इव अनु रोहते vayā́ḥ iva ánu rohate (8 syllables)
साकं (sākám)
together, with
हि (hí)
indeed, truly
शुचिना (śúcinā)
with purity, with brightness
शुचिः (śúciḥ)
pure, bright
प्रशास्ता (praśāstā́)
director, guide
क्रतुना (krátunā)
with power, with might
अजनि (ájani)
was born
विद्वां (vidvā́n)
knowing, wise
अस्य (asya)
his
व्रता (vratā́)
laws, vows, observances
ध्रुवा (dhruvā́)
firm, constant
वया (vayā́ḥ)
branches, limbs
इव (iva)
like
अनु (ánu)
along, up
रोहते (rohate)
grows, ascends
Stanza 2.5.5
ता अ॑स्य॒ वर्ण॑मा॒युवो॒ नेष्टुः॑ सचन्त धे॒नवः॑ | कु॒वित्ति॒सृभ्य॒ आ वरं॒ स्वसा॑रो॒ या इ॒दं य॒युः ||
tā́ asya várṇam āyúvo néṣṭuḥ sacanta dhenávaḥ kuvít tisŕ̥bhya ā́ váraṁ svásāro yā́ idáṁ yayúḥ
His radiant energy attracts helpful forces. Do they surpass the three sisters who have come before?
This verse speaks of the Neshtar (Neshtar), another priest, who is attended by radiant, life-giving forces (often interpreted as cows or energies). These forces align with his radiance. The verse questions if these forces are superior to three 'sisters' who have previously arrived, hinting at a hierarchy or comparison of divine assistance.
Meter: Anushtubh
- A. ता अस्य वर्णं आयुवो tā́ḥ asya várṇam āyúvaḥ (8 syllables)
- B. नेष्टुः सचन्त धेनवः néṣṭuḥ sacanta dhenávaḥ (8 syllables)
- C. कुवित् तिसृभ्य आ वरं kuvít tisŕ̥bhyaḥ ā́ váram (8 syllables)
- D. स्वसारो या इदं ययुः svásāraḥ yā́ḥ idám yayúḥ (8 syllables)
ता (tā́ḥ)
they
अस्य (asya)
his
वर्णं (várṇam)
colour, radiance, hue
आयुवो (āyúvaḥ)
radiant, full of life
नेष्टुः (néṣṭuḥ)
of the Neshtar (priest)
सचन्त (sacanta)
attend, follow
धेनवः (dhenávaḥ)
milch-cows, nourishing energies
कुवित् (kuvít)
perhaps, truly
तिसृभ्य (tisŕ̥bhyaḥ)
from the three
आ (ā́)
towards, up
वरं (váram)
boon, choice, preferred
स्वसारो (svásāraḥ)
sisters
या (yā́ḥ)
who, which
इदं (idám)
this
ययुः (yayúḥ)
have gone, have come
Stanza 2.5.6
यदी॑ मा॒तुरुप॒ स्वसा॑ घृ॒तं भर॒न्त्यस्थि॑त | तासा॑मध्व॒र्युराग॑तौ॒ यवो॑ वृ॒ष्टीव॑ मोदते ||
yádī mātúr úpa svásā ghr̥tám bháranty ásthita tā́sām adhvaryúr ā́gatau yávo vr̥ṣṭī́va modate
When a sister brings ghee from the mother, the Adhvaryu priest rejoices, just as crops rejoice with the rain.
This verse describes a situation where a 'sister' (perhaps a divine energy or force) approaches with ghee (clarified butter), coming from the 'mother'. The Adhvaryu priest rejoices at her arrival, comparing it to how crops rejoice when rain comes, signifying a moment of nourishment and fulfillment.
Meter: Anushtubh
- A. मातुः उप स्वसा yádi + mātúḥ úpa svásā (8 syllables)
- B. घृतं भरन्त्यस्थि अस्थि ghr̥tám bhárantī ásthita (8 syllables)
- C. तासां अध्वर्यु आगतौ tā́sām adhvaryúḥ ā́gatau (8 syllables)
- D. यवो वृष्टीव इव मोदते yávaḥ vr̥ṣṭī́ iva modate (8 syllables)
(yádi +)
मातुः (mātúḥ)
from the mother
उप (úpa)
near, towards
स्वसा (svásā)
sister
घृतं (ghr̥tám)
ghee, clarified butter
भरन्त्यस्थि (bhárantī)
bringing
अस्थि (ásthita)
approached, stood near
तासां (tā́sām)
their
अध्वर्यु (adhvaryúḥ)
Adhvaryu (a type of priest)
आगतौ (ā́gatau)
at the arrival
यवो (yávaḥ)
barley, grain
वृष्टीव (vr̥ṣṭī́)
with rain
इव (iva)
like
मोदते (modate)
rejoices, is pleased
Stanza 2.5.7
स्वः स्वाय॒ धाय॑से कृणु॒तामृ॒त्विगृ॒त्विज॑म् | स्तोमं॑ य॒ज्ञं चादरं॑ व॒नेमा॑ ररि॒मा व॒यम् ||
sváḥ svā́ya dhā́yase kr̥ṇutā́m r̥tvíg r̥tvíjam stómaṁ yajñáṁ cā́d áraṁ vanémā rarimā́ vayám
May the priest serve for our sustenance. May we readily obtain praise and the sacrifice, for we have offered it.
This verse is a prayer to the divine, asking that the officiating priest (Rtvig) be appointed for one's own benefit and sustenance. It also expresses the desire and effort to obtain praise (stoma) and the sacrifice (yajña), indicating a reciprocal relationship where offering leads to receiving.
Meter: Anushtubh
- A. स्वः स्वाय धायसे sváḥ svā́ya dhā́yase (8 syllables)
- B. कृणुताम ऋत्विग ऋत्विजं kr̥ṇutā́m r̥tvík r̥tvíjam (8 syllables)
- C. स्तोमं यज्ञं च आत् अरं stómam yajñám ca ā́t áram (8 syllables)
- D. वयं vanéma + rarimá + vayám (8 syllables)
स्वः (sváḥ)
self, own
स्वाय (svā́ya)
for his own
धायसे (dhā́yase)
for nourishment, for sustenance
कृणुताम (kr̥ṇutā́m)
may they make, may they appoint
ऋत्विग (r̥tvík)
priest, officiant
ऋत्विजं (r̥tvíjam)
the priest
स्तोमं (stómam)
praise, hymn
यज्ञं (yajñám)
sacrifice
च (ca)
and
आत् (ā́t)
and, also
अरं (áram)
readily, easily
(vanéma +)
(rarimá +)
वयं (vayám)
we
Stanza 2.5.8
यथा॑ वि॒द्वाँ अरं॒ कर॒द्विश्वे॑भ्यो यज॒तेभ्यः॑ | अ॒यम॑ग्ने॒ त्वे अपि॒ यं य॒ज्ञं च॑कृ॒मा व॒यम् ||
yáthā vidvā́m̐ áraṁ kárad víśvebhyo yajatébhyaḥ ayám agne tvé ápi yáṁ yajñáṁ cakr̥mā́ vayám
So that the wise one (Agni) may serve all the gods well, we offer this sacrifice, O Agni, to you.
This verse is an invocation to Agni, the fire god. It expresses the wish that Agni, being knowledgeable, may perform his duties effectively for all the worshipping gods. The verse concludes by stating that the sacrifice they have prepared is dedicated to Agni.
Meter: Anushtubh
- A. यथा विद्वां अरं करत् yáthā vidvā́n áram kárat (8 syllables)
- B. विश्वेभ्यो यजतेभ्यः víśvebhyaḥ yajatébhyaḥ (8 syllables)
- C. अयम अग्ने त्वे अपि ayám agne tvé ápi (8 syllables)
- D. यं यज्ञं वयं yám yajñám cakr̥má + vayám (8 syllables)
यथा (yáthā)
as, in order that
विद्वां (vidvā́n)
knowing, wise
अरं (áram)
well, suitably, effectively
करत् (kárat)
may he do, may he perform
विश्वेभ्यो (víśvebhyaḥ)
to all
यजतेभ्यः (yajatébhyaḥ)
to the worshipping ones, to the gods
अयम (ayám)
this
अग्ने (agne)
O Agni (fire god)
त्वे (tvé)
in you
अपि (ápi)
also, indeed
यं (yám)
which
यज्ञं (yajñám)
sacrifice
(cakr̥má +)
वयं (vayám)
we