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Stanza 2.39.1
ग्रावा॑णेव॒ तदिदर्थं॑ जरेथे॒ गृध्रे॑व वृ॒क्षं नि॑धि॒मन्त॒मच्छ॑ | ब्र॒ह्माणे॑व वि॒दथ॑ उक्थ॒शासा॑ दू॒तेव॒ हव्या॒ जन्या॑ पुरु॒त्रा ||
grā́vāṇeva tád íd árthaṁ jarethe gŕ̥dhreva vr̥kṣáṁ nidhimántam ácha brahmā́ṇeva vidátha ukthaśā́sā dūtéva hávyā jányā purutrā́
Come, like two roaring press-stones, you two are working for this very purpose! Come swiftly like eagles to a tree full of treasure! Like learned priests in assembly, and like messengers carrying vital news to many places!
This verse is a vibrant invocation to the Ashvins, the divine twin horsemen. They are addressed with a series of similes, comparing their actions and presence to powerful natural forces and respected figures. They are urged to come swiftly, like roaring press-stones, like birds of prey to a treasure-laden tree, like learned priests in assembly, and like messengers carrying important news. The overall tone is one of eagerness and anticipation for their arrival and blessings.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. ग्रावाणेव दूतेव तदिदर्थं तदिदर्थं तदिदर्थं जरेथे grā́vāṇā iva tát ít ártham jarethe (11 syllables)
- B. गृध्रेव दूतेव वृक्षं निधिमन्तं अच्छ gŕ̥dhrā iva vr̥kṣám nidhimántam ácha (11 syllables)
- C. ब्रह्माणेव दूतेव विदथे उक्थशासा brahmā́ṇā iva vidáthe ukthaśā́sā (11 syllables)
- D. दूतेव दूतेव जन्या जन्या पुत्रा dūtā́ iva hávyā jányā purutrā́ (11 syllables)
ग्रावाणेव (grā́vāṇā)
press-stones
दूतेव (iva)
like
तदिदर्थं (tát)
that
तदिदर्थं (ít)
indeed
तदिदर्थं (ártham)
purpose
जरेथे (jarethe)
you two grow old/work
गृध्रेव (gŕ̥dhrā)
eagles/vultures
दूतेव (iva)
like
वृक्षं (vr̥kṣám)
tree
निधिमन्तं (nidhimántam)
full of treasure
अच्छ (ácha)
towards
ब्रह्माणेव (brahmā́ṇā)
learned priests
दूतेव (iva)
like
विदथे (vidáthe)
in assembly/gathering
उक्थशासा (ukthaśā́sā)
lords of hymns
दूतेव (dūtā́)
messengers
दूतेव (iva)
like
जन्या (hávyā)
invocations/offerings
जन्या (jányā)
belonging to the people
पुत्रा (purutrā́)
in many places
Stanza 2.39.2
प्रा॒त॒र्यावा॑णा र॒थ्ये॑व वी॒राजेव॑ य॒मा वर॒मा स॑चेथे | मेने॑ इव त॒न्वा॒३॒॑ शुम्भ॑माने॒ दम्प॑तीव क्रतु॒विदा॒ जने॑षु ||
prātaryā́vāṇā rathyèva vīrā́jéva yamā́ váram ā́ sacethe méne iva tanvāā̀ śúmbhamāne dámpatīva kratuvídā jáneṣu
You two move swiftly like chariot-borne heroes at dawn, like a pair of goats you choose your path. Like two beautiful women adorning themselves, you join together like a wise married couple among people.
This verse continues the praise of the Ashvins, comparing their dynamic arrival and presence to several pairs. They are depicted as moving swiftly like chariot-riders at dawn, as powerful heroes, as two swift goats, and as two attractive women adorning themselves. The verse concludes by likening them to a wise, well-matched couple among people, highlighting their joint power and harmonious presence.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. प्रातर्यावाणा दम्पतीव वीराजेव prātaryā́vāṇā rathyā̀ iva vīrā́ (11 syllables)
- B. यमा दम्पतीव यमा वरमा आ सचेथे ajā́ iva yamā́ váram ā́ sacethe (11 syllables)
- C. मेने दम्पतीव तन्वा शुम्भमाने méne iva tanvā̀ śúmbhamāne (11 syllables)
- D. दम्पतीव दम्पतीव क्रतुविदा जनेषु dámpatī iva kratuvídā jáneṣu (11 syllables)
प्रातर्यावाणा (prātaryā́vāṇā)
travelers of the dawn
(rathyā̀)
दम्पतीव (iva)
like
वीराजेव (vīrā́)
heroes
यमा (ajā́)
goats
दम्पतीव (iva)
like
यमा (yamā́)
a pair
वरमा (váram)
choice/best
आ (ā́)
towards
सचेथे (sacethe)
you two join
मेने (méne)
women
दम्पतीव (iva)
like
तन्वा (tanvā̀)
with bodies
शुम्भमाने (śúmbhamāne)
adorning/beautifying
दम्पतीव (dámpatī)
married couple
दम्पतीव (iva)
like
क्रतुविदा (kratuvídā)
wise/intelligent
जनेषु (jáneṣu)
among people
Stanza 2.39.3
शृङ्गे॑व नः प्रथ॒मा ग॑न्तम॒र्वाक्छ॒फावि॑व॒ जर्भु॑राणा॒ तरो॑भिः | च॒क्र॒वा॒केव॒ प्रति॒ वस्तो॑रुस्रा॒र्वाञ्चा॑ यातं र॒थ्ये॑व शक्रा ||
śŕ̥ṅgeva naḥ prathamā́ gantam arvā́k chaphā́v iva járbhurāṇā tárobhiḥ cakravākéva práti vástor usrārvā́ñcā yātaṁ rathyèva śakrā
Like two sharp horns, come to us! Like two swift hooves, you come with force! Like Chakravaka birds facing the dawn, approach us! Like two chariot wheels, come swiftly at daybreak, O Mighty ones!
The Ashvins are invoked to approach with speed and power. They are compared to the sharp points of horns, the swift hooves of animals, and the pair of Chakravaka birds that are often associated with devotion and dawn. The verse also likens them to two chariot wheels moving towards the morning light, urging them to come forward at daybreak, highlighting their radiant and powerful movement.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. शृङ्गेव रध्येव नः प्रथमा गन्तम अर्वाक् śŕ̥ṅge iva naḥ prathamā́ gantam arvā́k (11 syllables)
- B. शंफाविव रध्येव जर्भुराणा तरोभिः śaphaú iva járbhurāṇā tárobhiḥ (11 syllables)
- C. चक्रवाकेव रध्येव प्रति वस्तोः उस्त्रा cakravākā́ iva práti vástoḥ usrā (11 syllables)
- D. अर्वाञ्चा यातं रध्येव रध्येव शक्रा arvā́ñcā yātam rathyā̀ iva śakrā (11 syllables)
शृङ्गेव (śŕ̥ṅge)
horns
रध्येव (iva)
like
नः (naḥ)
to us
प्रथमा (prathamā́)
first
गन्तम (gantam)
come
अर्वाक् (arvā́k)
downwards/hither
शंफाविव (śaphaú)
hooves
रध्येव (iva)
like
जर्भुराणा (járbhurāṇā)
devouring/moving rapidly
तरोभिः (tárobhiḥ)
with speed/force
चक्रवाकेव (cakravākā́)
Chakravaka birds
रध्येव (iva)
like
प्रति (práti)
towards
वस्तोः (vástoḥ)
of dawn/morning
उस्त्रा (usrā)
dawn
अर्वाञ्चा (arvā́ñcā)
coming towards
यातं (yātam)
come
रध्येव (rathyā̀)
like chariot wheels
रध्येव (iva)
like
शक्रा (śakrā)
O Mighty ones
Stanza 2.39.4
ना॒वेव॑ नः पारयतं यु॒गेव॒ नभ्ये॑व न उप॒धीव॑ प्र॒धीव॑ | श्वाने॑व नो॒ अरि॑षण्या त॒नूनां॒ खृग॑लेव वि॒स्रसः॑ पातम॒स्मान् ||
nāvéva naḥ pārayataṁ yugéva nábhyeva na upadhī́va pradhī́va śvā́neva no áriṣaṇyā tanū́nāṁ khŕ̥galeva visrásaḥ pātam asmā́n
Carry us across like boats! Protect us like chariot parts (yoke, nave, spokes)! Be like protective dogs for our bodies, and like crutches, save us from falling!
In this verse, the suppliants ask the Ashvins for safe passage and protection, using several metaphors. They request to be carried across difficult situations like boats across water, and protected like the parts of a chariot (yoke, nave, spokes, rim). They are also asked to be like watchful dogs that don't harm their charges, and to preserve them from falling, much like supportive crutches.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. नावेव खृगलेव नः पारयतं युगेव खृगलेव nāvā́ iva naḥ pārayatam yugé iva (11 syllables)
- B. नभ्येव खृगलेव नः उपधीव खृगलेव प्रधीव खृगलेव nábhye iva naḥ upadhī́ iva pradhī́ iva (11 syllables)
- C. श्वानेव खृगलेव नः अरिषण्या तनूनां śvā́nā iva naḥ áriṣaṇyā tanū́nām (11 syllables)
- D. खृगलेव खृगलेव विस्रसः पातम अस्मान् khŕ̥galā iva visrásaḥ pātam asmā́n (11 syllables)
नावेव (nāvā́)
boats
खृगलेव (iva)
like
नः (naḥ)
our
पारयतं (pārayatam)
carry us across/save
युगेव (yugé)
yoke
खृगलेव (iva)
like
नभ्येव (nábhye)
nave (of a wheel)
खृगलेव (iva)
like
नः (naḥ)
our
उपधीव (upadhī́)
spokes/felly
खृगलेव (iva)
like
प्रधीव (pradhī́)
rim/felloe
खृगलेव (iva)
like
श्वानेव (śvā́nā)
dogs
खृगलेव (iva)
like
नः (naḥ)
our
अरिषण्या (áriṣaṇyā)
uninjurious/protective
तनूनां (tanū́nām)
of bodies
खृगलेव (khŕ̥galā)
crutches
खृगलेव (iva)
like
विस्रसः (visrásaḥ)
falling
पातम (pātam)
protect/save
अस्मान् (asmā́n)
us
Stanza 2.39.5
वाते॑वाजु॒र्या न॒द्ये॑व री॒तिर॒क्षी इ॑व॒ चक्षु॒षा या॑तम॒र्वाक् | हस्ता॑विव त॒न्वे॒३॒॑ शम्भ॑विष्ठा॒ पादे॑व नो नयतं॒ वस्यो॒ अच्छ॑ ||
vā́tevājuryā́ nadyèva rītír akṣī́ iva cákṣuṣā́ yātam arvā́k hástāv iva tanvè śámbhaviṣṭhā pā́deva no nayataṁ vásyo ácha
Come like two ageless winds, like two flowing rivers! Come towards us with keen vision like two eyes! Like two most helpful hands for the body, and like two feet, guide us to prosperity!
The Ashvins are invoked to approach with enduring vitality and clear perception. They are compared to two winds that never age, and two rivers flowing together. They are asked to come with keen eyesight, like two eyes, and to be as helpful and supportive as two hands. Finally, they are implored to guide the worshippers towards prosperity, like two feet leading the way.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. वातेवाजुर्या पादेव वातेवाजुर्या नद्येव पादेव रीतिः vā́tā iva ajuryā́ nadyā̀ iva rītíḥ (11 syllables)
- B. अक्षी पादेव चक्षुषा आ यातम अर्वाक् akṣī́ iva cákṣuṣā ā́ yātam arvā́k (11 syllables)
- C. पादेव तत्वे शम्भविष्ठा hástau iva tanvè śámbhaviṣṭhā (11 syllables)
- D. पादेव पादेव नः नयतं वस्यो अछ pā́dā iva naḥ nayatam vásyaḥ ácha (11 syllables)
वातेवाजुर्या (vā́tā)
winds
पादेव (iva)
like
वातेवाजुर्या (ajuryā́)
ageless/unaging
नद्येव (nadyā̀)
rivers
पादेव (iva)
like
रीतिः (rītíḥ)
flow/course
अक्षी (akṣī́)
eyes
पादेव (iva)
like
चक्षुषा (cákṣuṣā)
with vision/sight
आ (ā́)
towards
यातम (yātam)
come
अर्वाक् (arvā́k)
hither/forward
(hástau)
पादेव (iva)
like
तत्वे (tanvè)
for the body
शम्भविष्ठा (śámbhaviṣṭhā)
most beneficial/helpful
पादेव (pā́dā)
feet
पादेव (iva)
like
नः (naḥ)
us
नयतं (nayatam)
guide
वस्यो (vásyaḥ)
prosperity/good fortune
अछ (ácha)
towards
Stanza 2.39.6
ओष्ठा॑विव॒ मध्वा॒स्ने वद॑न्ता॒ स्तना॑विव पिप्यतं जी॒वसे॑ नः | नासे॑व नस्त॒न्वो॑ रक्षि॒तारा॒ कर्णा॑विव सु॒श्रुता॑ भूतम॒स्मे ||
óṣṭhāv iva mádhv āsné vádantā stánāv iva pipyataṁ jīváse naḥ nā́seva nas tanvò rakṣitā́rā kárṇāv iva suśrútā bhūtam asmé
Like two lips speaking honeyed words, like two breasts nourishing our life, like two nostrils protecting our bodies, be to us like two ears that hear well!
The Ashvins are asked to be like nurturing and protective parts of the body. They are compared to lips that speak sweet words, breasts that provide nourishment for life, and nostrils that guard the body. The verse concludes by asking them to be like attentive ears, listening well and providing guidance.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. ओष्ठाविव कर्णाविव मध्वास्ने मध्वास्ने वदन्ता óṣṭhau iva mádhu āsné vádantā (11 syllables)
- B. कर्णाविव पिप्यतं जीवसे नः stánau iva pipyatam jīváse naḥ (11 syllables)
- C. नासेव कर्णाविव नः तत्वो रक्षितारा nā́sā iva naḥ tanvàḥ rakṣitā́rā (11 syllables)
- D. कर्णाविव सुश्रुता भूतम् अस्मे kárṇau iva suśrútā bhūtam asmé (11 syllables)
ओष्ठाविव (óṣṭhau)
lips
कर्णाविव (iva)
like
मध्वास्ने (mádhu)
honey
मध्वास्ने (āsné)
in the mouth
वदन्ता (vádantā)
speaking
(stánau)
कर्णाविव (iva)
like
पिप्यतं (pipyatam)
nourish/make fruitful
जीवसे (jīváse)
for life
नः (naḥ)
our
नासेव (nā́sā)
nostrils
कर्णाविव (iva)
like
नः (naḥ)
our
तत्वो (tanvàḥ)
body
रक्षितारा (rakṣitā́rā)
protectors
(kárṇau)
कर्णाविव (iva)
like
सुश्रुता (suśrútā)
good listeners
भूतम् (bhūtam)
be
अस्मे (asmé)
to us
Stanza 2.39.7
हस्ते॑व श॒क्तिम॒भि सं॑द॒दी नः॒ क्षामे॑व नः॒ सम॑जतं॒ रजां॑सि | इ॒मा गिरो॑ अश्विना युष्म॒यन्तीः॒ क्ष्णोत्रे॑णेव॒ स्वधि॑तिं॒ सं शि॑शीतम् ||
hásteva śaktím abhí saṁdadī́ naḥ kṣā́meva naḥ sám ajataṁ rájāṁsi imā́ gíro aśvinā yuṣmayántīḥ kṣṇótreṇeva svádhitiṁ sáṁ śiśītam
Like strong hands, give us increasing strength! Like heaven and earth, control the regions for us! O Ashvins, these hymns that approach you, sharpen them like an axe on a whetstone!
The verse continues to ask for the Ashvins' help, comparing their power to strong hands that give vigor, and their ability to control the elements to the combined forces of heaven and earth. The hymn-makers, addressing the Ashvins, ask them to sharpen their skills and energies like an axe being sharpened on a whetstone, so they can effectively aid the devotees.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. हस्तेव क्ष्णोत्रेणैव शक्तिम अभि संददी नः hástā iva śaktím abhí saṃdadī́ naḥ (11 syllables)
- B. क्षामेव क्ष्णोत्रेणैव नः सं अ adjacent रजांसि kṣā́ma iva naḥ sám ajatam rájāṃsi (11 syllables)
- C. इमा गिरो अश्विना युष्मयंतीः imā́ḥ gíraḥ aśvinā yuṣmayántīḥ (11 syllables)
- D. क्ष्णोत्रेणैव क्ष्णोत्रेणैव स्वधिंति सं शिशीतम् kṣṇótreṇa iva svádhitim sám śiśītam (11 syllables)
हस्तेव (hástā)
hands
क्ष्णोत्रेणैव (iva)
like
शक्तिम (śaktím)
power/strength
अभि (abhí)
towards
संददी (saṃdadī́)
giving/bestowing
नः (naḥ)
us
क्षामेव (kṣā́ma)
earth
क्ष्णोत्रेणैव (iva)
like
नः (naḥ)
us
सं (sám)
together
अ adjacent (ajatam)
control/govern
रजांसि (rájāṃsi)
regions/worlds
इमा (imā́ḥ)
these
गिरो (gíraḥ)
hymns/songs
अश्विना (aśvinā)
O Ashvins
युष्मयंतीः (yuṣmayántīḥ)
approaching/seeking
क्ष्णोत्रेणैव (kṣṇótreṇa)
with a whetstone
क्ष्णोत्रेणैव (iva)
like
स्वधिंति (svádhitim)
axe
सं (sám)
together
शिशीतम् (śiśītam)
sharpen
Stanza 2.39.8
ए॒तानि॑ वामश्विना॒ वर्ध॑नानि॒ ब्रह्म॒ स्तोमं॑ गृत्सम॒दासो॑ अक्रन् | तानि॑ नरा जुजुषा॒णोप॑ यातं बृ॒हद्व॑देम वि॒दथे॑ सु॒वीराः॑ ||
etā́ni vām aśvinā várdhanāni bráhma stómaṁ gr̥tsamadā́so akran tā́ni narā jujuṣāṇópa yātam br̥hád vadema vidáthe suvī́rāḥ
O Ashvins, these praises that increase your glory, we Gritsamadas have made for you! O Heroes, pleased with them, come to us! May we speak grandly with brave heroes in the assembly!
This concluding verse expresses gratitude to the Ashvins for their blessings. The hymn-makers, the Gritsamadas, declare that they have composed these hymns (brahma stoma) to enhance the Ashvins' glory. They invite the divine twins, addressed as 'heroes', to accept these praises and approach them, expressing a desire to speak eloquently about their heroic deeds in future gatherings.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. एतानि वामश्विना वामश्विना वर्धन etā́ni vām aśvinā várdhanāni (11 syllables)
- B. ब्रह्म स्तोमं गृत्समदासो अक्रन् bráhma stómam gr̥tsamadā́saḥ akran (11 syllables)
- C. तानि नरा जुजुषाणा उप यातं tā́ni narā jujuṣāṇā́ úpa yātam (11 syllables)
- D. बृहद्वदेम बृहद्वदेम विदथे सुवीराः br̥hát vadema vidáthe suvī́rāḥ (11 syllables)
एतानि (etā́ni)
these
वामश्विना (vām)
your
वामश्विना (aśvinā)
O Ashvins
वर्धन (várdhanāni)
that increase/enhance
ब्रह्म (bráhma)
sacred word/hymn
स्तोमं (stómam)
praise/laud
गृत्समदासो (gr̥tsamadā́saḥ)
the Gritsamadas (a priestly family)
अक्रन् (akran)
made/did
तानि (tā́ni)
them
नरा (narā)
O heroes
जुजुषाणा (jujuṣāṇā́)
accepting/pleased
उप (úpa)
near/towards
यातं (yātam)
come
बृहद्वदेम (br̥hát)
great/grand
बृहद्वदेम (vadema)
may we speak
विदथे (vidáthe)
in assembly/gathering
सुवीराः (suvī́rāḥ)
with brave heroes