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Stanza 2.10.1
जो॒हूत्रो॑ अ॒ग्निः प्र॑थ॒मः पि॒तेवे॒ळस्प॒दे मनु॑षा॒ यत्समि॑द्धः | श्रियं॒ वसा॑नो अ॒मृतो॒ विचे॑ता मर्मृ॒जेन्यः॑ श्रव॒स्य१॒॑ः स वा॒जी ||
johū́tro agníḥ prathamáḥ pitéveḷás padé mánuṣā yát sámiddhaḥ śríyaṁ vásāno amŕ̥to vícetā marmr̥jényaḥ śravasyàḥ sá vājī́
Oh, Agni, the first and foremost, like a father, kindled by humans in his worship place! When he shines with glory, the immortal, all-knowing one, deserves to be adorned by all. He is strong and famous.
This verse introduces Agni, the fire god, as the first and foremost being, much like a father to humanity. It describes him being kindled by humans in his sacred place, radiating glory, and possessing immortal wisdom. The stanza emphasizes that Agni, being strong and renowned, deserves to be honored and cared for by all.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. जो॒हूत्रो॑ अ॒ग्निः प्रथ॒मः पि॒तेवे वे johū́traḥ agníḥ prathamáḥ pitā́ iva (11 syllables)
- B. इ॒ळस्प प॒दे मनु॑ष यत् समि॑द्धः iḷáḥ padé mánuṣā yát sámiddhaḥ (11 syllables)
- C. श्रियं वसा॑नो अ॒मृतो विचे॑ता śríyam vásānaḥ amŕ̥taḥ vícetāḥ (11 syllables)
- D. मर्मृ॒जेन्यः श्रव॒स्य१॒ स वा॒जी marmr̥jényaḥ śravasyàḥ sá vājī́ (11 syllables)
जो॒हूत्रो॑ (johū́traḥ)
loudly calling
अ॒ग्निः (agníḥ)
Agni (the fire god)
प्रथ॒मः (prathamáḥ)
first
पि॒तेवे (pitā́)
father
वे (iva)
like
इ॒ळस्प (iḷáḥ)
of worship/sacrifice
प॒दे (padé)
in the place
मनु॑ष (mánuṣā)
by humans
यत् (yát)
when
समि॑द्धः (sámiddhaḥ)
kindled
श्रियं (śríyam)
glory/splendor
वसा॑नो (vásānaḥ)
shining/wearing
अ॒मृतो (amŕ̥taḥ)
immortal
विचे॑ता (vícetāḥ)
all-knowing/wise
मर्मृ॒जेन्यः (marmr̥jényaḥ)
deserving to be adorned/cleansed
श्रव॒स्य१॒ (śravasyàḥ)
famous/renowned
स (sá)
he
वा॒जी (vājī́)
strong/powerful
Stanza 2.10.2
श्रू॒या अ॒ग्निश्चि॒त्रभा॑नु॒र्हवं॑ मे॒ विश्वा॑भिर्गी॒र्भिर॒मृतो॒ विचे॑ताः | श्या॒वा रथं॑ वहतो॒ रोहि॑ता वो॒तारु॒षाह॑ चक्रे॒ विभृ॑त्रः ||
śrūyā́ agníś citrábhānur hávam me víśvābhir gīrbhír amŕ̥to vícetāḥ śyāvā́ ráthaṁ vahato róhitā votā́ruṣā́ha cakre víbhr̥traḥ
May Agni, the one with brilliant light, hear my call with all my songs, O immortal, wise one! Whether dark or red horses pull your chariot, you, the wide-ranging one, make them move.
This verse is a prayer to Agni, asking him to hear the devotee's call and songs. It highlights Agni's radiant appearance and his all-knowing, immortal nature. The imagery shifts to Agni's chariot, pulled by either dark or red horses, emphasizing his powerful and dynamic presence as he moves through the cosmos.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. श्रू॒या अ॒ग्निः चि॒त्रभा॑नुः हवं मे śrūyā́ḥ agníḥ citrábhānuḥ hávam me (11 syllables)
- B. विश्वा॑भिर् गी॒र्भिर अ॒मृतो विचे॑ताः víśvābhiḥ gīrbhíḥ amŕ̥taḥ vícetāḥ (11 syllables)
- C. श्या॒वा रथं वहतो रोहि॑ता वो śyāvā́ rátham vahataḥ róhitā vā (11 syllables)
- D. उ॒त अरु॒षाह अह चक्रे विभृ॑त्रः utá aruṣā́ áha cakre víbhr̥traḥ (11 syllables)
श्रू॒या (śrūyā́ḥ)
may hear
अ॒ग्निः (agníḥ)
Agni (the fire god)
चि॒त्रभा॑नुः (citrábhānuḥ)
with brilliant light
हवं (hávam)
call
मे (me)
my
विश्वा॑भिर् (víśvābhiḥ)
with all
गी॒र्भिर (gīrbhíḥ)
songs/prayers
अ॒मृतो (amŕ̥taḥ)
immortal
विचे॑ताः (vícetāḥ)
wise/knowing
श्या॒वा (śyāvā́)
dark/brown
रथं (rátham)
chariot
वहतो (vahataḥ)
pulling/carrying
रोहि॑ता (róhitā)
red/ruddy
वो (vā)
or
उ॒त (utá)
or
अरु॒षाह (aruṣā́)
red/ruddy
अह (áha)
(he) made
चक्रे (cakre)
made/arranged
विभृ॑त्रः (víbhr̥traḥ)
wide-ranging/supporting
Stanza 2.10.3
उ॒त्ता॒नाया॑मजनय॒न्त्सुषू॑तं॒ भुव॑द॒ग्निः पु॑रु॒पेशा॑सु॒ गर्भः॑ | शिरि॑णायां चिद॒क्तुना॒ महो॑भि॒रप॑रीवृतो वसति॒ प्रचे॑ताः ||
uttānā́yām ajanayan súṣūtam bhúvad agníḥ purupéśāsu gárbhaḥ śíriṇāyāṁ cid aktúnā máhobhir áparīvr̥to vasati prácetāḥ
They generated the well-born one for her lying on her back. Agni became a germ within the manifoldly adorned forms. Even in the night, the wise one, not surrounded by darkness, dwells with his great powers.
This stanza describes Agni's divine birth and presence. It speaks of him being generated, like a well-born child, in a context of 'lying on her back', possibly referring to the wooden hearth or the earth. Agni then becomes a seed or essence within various forms and beings. Even within the darkness of night, the wise Agni resides, unseen but powerful, surrounded by his radiant energy.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. उ॒त्ता॒नाया अ॒जनय॒न्त् सुषु॑तं uttānā́yām ajanayan súṣūtam (11 syllables)
- B. भुव अ॒ग्निः पु॒रु॒पेशा॑सु गर्भः bhúvat agníḥ purupéśāsu gárbhaḥ (11 syllables)
- C. शि॒र चि द॒क्तुना महो॑भि śíriṇāyām cit aktúnā máhobhiḥ (11 syllables)
- D. अ॒परीवृतो वसति प्रचे॑ताः áparīvr̥taḥ vasati prácetāḥ (11 syllables)
उ॒त्ता॒नाया (uttānā́yām)
for her lying on her back
अ॒जनय॒न्त् (ajanayan)
they generated
सुषु॑तं (súṣūtam)
well-born
भुव (bhúvat)
became
अ॒ग्निः (agníḥ)
Agni (the fire god)
पु॒रु॒पेशा॑सु (purupéśāsu)
in the manifoldly adorned (forms)
गर्भः (gárbhaḥ)
germ/embryo
शि॒र (śíriṇāyām)
in the shining/beautiful (one)
चि (cit)
even
द॒क्तुना (aktúnā)
by the night
महो॑भि (máhobhiḥ)
by great powers/radiance
अ॒परीवृतो (áparīvr̥taḥ)
not surrounded/uncovered
वसति (vasati)
dwells
प्रचे॑ताः (prácetāḥ)
wise/all-knowing
Stanza 2.10.4
जिघ॑र्म्य॒ग्निं ह॒विषा॑ घृ॒तेन॑ प्रतिक्षि॒यन्तं॒ भुव॑नानि॒ विश्वा॑ | पृ॒थुं ति॑र॒श्चा वय॑सा बृ॒हन्तं॒ व्यचि॑ष्ठ॒मन्नै॑ रभ॒सं दृशा॑नम् ||
jígharmy agníṁ havíṣā ghr̥téna pratikṣiyántam bhúvanāni víśvā pr̥thúṁ tiraścā́ váyasā br̥hántaṁ vyáciṣṭham ánnai rabhasáṁ dŕ̥śānam
I anoint Agni with offerings and clarified butter, him who resides facing all worlds. He is broad, spreads across expansively with great power, and is conspicuously strong with food.
This verse expresses the devotee's act of offering oblations, specifically clarified butter (ghṛta) and other offerings (haviṣā), to Agni. The devotee wishes to anoint Agni, who is described as pervading and residing within all worlds. Agni is depicted as vast, expansive, strong through his vital energy, and most visible and powerful when sustained by the food offerings.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. जि॒घ अ॒ग्निं ह॒विषा घृ॒तेन jígharmi agním havíṣā ghr̥téna (11 syllables)
- B. प्रतिक्षि॒यन्तं भुव॑नानि विश्वा pratikṣiyántam bhúvanāni víśvā (11 syllables)
- C. पृ॒थुं ति॒र॒श्चा वय॑सा बृ॒हन्तं pr̥thúm tiraścā́ váyasā br̥hántam (11 syllables)
- D. व्यचि॑ष्ठ अन्नै अभ॒सं दृशा॑नम् vyáciṣṭham ánnaiḥ rabhasám dŕ̥śānam (11 syllables)
जि॒घ (jígharmi)
I anoint/sprinkle
अ॒ग्निं (agním)
Agni (the fire god)
ह॒विषा (havíṣā)
with offerings
घृ॒तेन (ghr̥téna)
with clarified butter
प्रतिक्षि॒यन्तं (pratikṣiyántam)
residing facing/all-pervading
भुव॑नानि (bhúvanāni)
worlds/beings
विश्वा (víśvā)
all
पृ॒थुं (pr̥thúm)
broad/vast
ति॒र॒श्चा (tiraścā́)
expansively/across
वय॑सा (váyasā)
with power/vitality
बृ॒हन्तं (br̥hántam)
great/mighty
व्यचि॑ष्ठ (vyáciṣṭham)
most spacious/conspicuous
अन्नै (ánnaiḥ)
with food
अभ॒सं (rabhasám)
strong/vigorous
दृशा॑नम् (dŕ̥śānam)
visible/appearing
Stanza 2.10.5
आ वि॒श्वतः॑ प्र॒त्यञ्चं॑ जिघर्म्यर॒क्षसा॒ मन॑सा॒ तज्जु॑षेत | मर्य॑श्रीः स्पृह॒यद्व॑र्णो अ॒ग्निर्नाभि॒मृशे॑ त॒न्वा॒३॒॑ जर्भु॑राणः ||
ā́ viśvátaḥ pratyáñcaṁ jigharmy arakṣásā mánasā táj juṣeta máryaśrī spr̥hayádvarṇo agnír nā́bhimŕ̥śe tanvāā̀ járbhurāṇaḥ
I anoint the one facing from all sides; may he gladly accept that with his benevolent mind. Agni, with youthful beauty and an eager appearance, is not to be touched when he moves with his body.
The devotee continues to offer worship, specifically stating they anoint Agni who faces them from all directions. They hope Agni will accept this offering with a pleasant and benevolent mind. Agni is personified with youthful beauty ('maryaśrīḥ') and an eager, attractive appearance, but the verse warns that he should not be touched when he is in his full, dynamic, and potentially fierce form.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. आ वि॒श्वतः प्र॒त्यञ्चं जि॒घर्म्य ā́ viśvátas pratyáñcam jigharmi (11 syllables)
- B. अ॒रक्षसा मन॑सा तज् जु॒षेत arakṣásā mánasā tát juṣeta (11 syllables)
- C. मर्य॑श्रीः स्पृ॒ह॒यद्व॑र्णो अ॒ग्निर् máryaśrīḥ spr̥hayádvarṇaḥ agníḥ (11 syllables)
- D. ना अभि॒मृशे त॒न्वा जर्भु॑राणः ná abhimŕ̥śe tanvā̀ járbhurāṇaḥ (11 syllables)
आ (ā́)
towards
वि॒श्वतः (viśvátas)
from all sides
प्र॒त्यञ्चं (pratyáñcam)
facing towards
जि॒घर्म्य (jigharmi)
I anoint/sprinkle
अ॒रक्षसा (arakṣásā)
benevolent/without harm
मन॑सा (mánasā)
with mind
तज् (tát)
that
जु॒षेत (juṣeta)
may accept gladly
मर्य॑श्रीः (máryaśrīḥ)
youthful beauty/grace
स्पृ॒ह॒यद्व॑र्णो (spr̥hayádvarṇaḥ)
eagerly striving/lovely colored
अ॒ग्निर् (agníḥ)
Agni (the fire god)
ना (ná)
not
अभि॒मृशे (abhimŕ̥śe)
to be touched
त॒न्वा (tanvā̀)
with (his) body
जर्भु॑राणः (járbhurāṇaḥ)
moving rapidly/consuming
Stanza 2.10.6
ज्ञे॒या भा॒गं स॑हसा॒नो वरे॑ण॒ त्वादू॑तासो मनु॒वद्व॑देम | अनू॑नम॒ग्निं जु॒ह्वा॑ वच॒स्या म॑धु॒पृचं॑ धन॒सा जो॑हवीमि ||
jñeyā́ bhāgáṁ sahasānó váreṇa tvā́dūtāso manuvád vadema ánūnam agníṁ juhvāā̀ vacasyā́ madhupŕ̥caṁ dhanasā́ johavīmi
May you know the portion, O victor! With you as our envoy, may we speak like Manu. Gaining wealth, I invoke the faultless Agni with my eloquence and sacrificial ladle, who mixes the sweet drink.
This verse concludes the hymn with a plea for divine favor and understanding. The devotee asks Agni to recognize his rightful portion and wishes to speak like Manu, implying wisdom and proper conduct, with Agni as their envoy. The aim is to invoke the flawless Agni, who bestows wealth ('dhanasā'), mixes the sweet Soma drink ('madhupŕ̥cam'), and is invoked with eloquent speech and sacrificial offerings (represented by the ladle, 'juhvā').
Meter: Tristubh
- A. ज्ञे॒या भा॒गं स॑हसा॒नो वरे॑ण jñeyā́ḥ bhāgám sahasānáḥ váreṇa (11 syllables)
- B. त्वादू॑तासो मनु॒वत् वदेम tvā́dūtāsaḥ manuvát vadema (11 syllables)
- C. अनू॑न अ॒ग्निं जु॒ह्वा वच॒स्या ánūnam agním juhvā̀ vacasyā́ (11 syllables)
- D. मधु॒पृचं धन॒सा जोहवीमि madhupŕ̥cam dhanasā́ḥ johavīmi (11 syllables)
ज्ञे॒या (jñeyā́ḥ)
may know
भा॒गं (bhāgám)
portion
स॑हसा॒नो (sahasānáḥ)
victorious/strong
वरे॑ण (váreṇa)
by choice/desire
त्वादू॑तासो (tvā́dūtāsaḥ)
with you as envoy
मनु॒वत् (manuvát)
like Manu
वदेम (vadema)
may we speak
अनू॑न (ánūnam)
faultless/unimpaired
अ॒ग्निं (agním)
Agni (the fire god)
जु॒ह्वा (juhvā̀)
with the sacrificial ladle
वच॒स्या (vacasyā́)
with eloquence/speech
मधु॒पृचं (madhupŕ̥cam)
mixing the sweet drink
धन॒सा (dhanasā́ḥ)
wealth-giver
जोहवीमि (johavīmi)
I invoke