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Stanza 10.89.1
इन्द्रं॑ स्तवा॒ नृत॑मं॒ यस्य॑ म॒ह्ना वि॑बबा॒धे रो॑च॒ना वि ज्मो अन्ता॑न् | आ यः प॒प्रौ च॑र्षणी॒धृद्वरो॑भिः॒ प्र सिन्धु॑भ्यो रिरिचा॒नो म॑हि॒त्वा ||
índraṁ stavā nŕ̥tamaṁ yásya mahnā́ vibabādhé rocanā́ ví jmó ántān ā́ yáḥ papraú carṣaṇīdhŕ̥d várobhiḥ prá síndhubhyo riricānó mahitvā́
I will praise Indra, the most heroic one, whose might has indeed split apart the luminous heavens and earth. He, who uphms all people, has spread widely, excelling the rivers with his greatness.
This verse is a powerful invocation to Indra, the mightiest of the gods. The poet describes Indra's immense power, stating that he forcefully separated the heavens and the earth. His greatness is so vast that it encompasses all of creation and surpasses even the mightiest rivers and floods, establishing him as the ultimate sustainer.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. इन्द्रम् स्तवा नृतमम् यस्य मह्ना índram stavā nŕ̥tamam yásya mahnā́ (11 syllables)
- B. विबबाधे रोचना वि इमः अन्तान् vibabādhé rocanā́ ví jmáḥ ántān (11 syllables)
- C. आ यः पप्रौ चर्षणीधृत् वरोभिः ā́ yáḥ papraú carṣaṇīdhŕ̥t várobhiḥ (11 syllables)
- D. प्र सिन्धुभ्यः रिरिचानः महित्वा prá síndhubhyaḥ riricānáḥ mahitvā́ (11 syllables)
इन्द्रम् (índram)
Indra (the king of gods, god of thunder and war)
स्तवा (stavā)
let me praise
नृतमम् (nŕ̥tamam)
most heroic
यस्य (yásya)
whose
मह्ना (mahnā́)
by his greatness
विबबाधे (vibabādhé)
he separated
रोचना (rocanā́)
luminous heavens
वि (ví)
apart
इमः (jmáḥ)
of the earth
अन्तान् (ántān)
bounds
आ (ā́)
around
यः (yáḥ)
who
पप्रौ (papraú)
has spread widely
चर्षणीधृत् (carṣaṇīdhŕ̥t)
sustainer of people
वरोभिः (várobhiḥ)
by waters/floods
प्र (prá)
forth
सिन्धुभ्यः (síndhubhyaḥ)
from the rivers
रिरिचानः (riricānáḥ)
excelling
महित्वा (mahitvā́)
by his greatness
Stanza 10.89.2
स सूर्यः॒ पर्यु॒रू वरां॒स्येन्द्रो॑ ववृत्या॒द्रथ्ये॑व च॒क्रा | अति॑ष्ठन्तमप॒स्यं१॒॑ न सर्गं॑ कृ॒ष्णा तमां॑सि॒ त्विष्या॑ जघान ||
sá sū́ryaḥ páry urū́ várāṁsy éndro vavr̥tyād ráthyeva cakrā́ átiṣṭhantam apasyàṁ ná sárgaṁ kr̥ṣṇā́ támāṁsi tvíṣyā jaghāna
He (Indra) is like the sun, who moves across the wide spaces. May Indra turn himself around like the wheels of a chariot. He, who is never still, has destroyed the dark gloom with his radiance.
This stanza praises Indra by associating him with the sun's power. It describes Indra as the one who makes the sun traverse vast expanses. Like the swift wheels of a chariot, Indra's movement is relentless. He is depicted as actively destroying the darkness, bringing light to the world, much like a constant flow that never rests.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. स सूर्यः परि वरां्सि sá sū́ryaḥ pári urú + várāṃsi (11 syllables)
- B. आ इन्द्रः ववृत्यात् रथ्ये इव चक्रा ā́ índraḥ vavr̥tyāt ráthyā iva cakrā́ (11 syllables)
- C. अतिष्ठन्तम अपस्यं न सर्गं átiṣṭhantam apasyàm ná sárgam (11 syllables)
- D. कृष्णा तमान्सि त्विष्या जघान kr̥ṣṇā́ támāṃsi tvíṣyā jaghāna (11 syllables)
स (sá)
he
सूर्यः (sū́ryaḥ)
sun
परि (pári)
around
(urú +)
वरां्सि (várāṃsi)
spaces
आ (ā́)
around
इन्द्रः (índraḥ)
Indra
ववृत्यात् (vavr̥tyāt)
may he turn
रथ्ये (ráthyā)
like a chariot
इव (iva)
like
चक्रा (cakrā́)
wheels
अतिष्ठन्तम (átiṣṭhantam)
standing still (here, 'never still')
अपस्यं (apasyàm)
active
न (ná)
not
सर्गं (sárgam)
flow
कृष्णा (kr̥ṣṇā́)
black
तमान्सि (támāṃsi)
darkness
त्विष्या (tvíṣyā)
with radiance
जघान (jaghāna)
he has destroyed
Stanza 10.89.3
स॒मा॒नम॑स्मा॒ अन॑पावृदर्च क्ष्म॒या दि॒वो अस॑मं॒ ब्रह्म॒ नव्य॑म् | वि यः पृ॒ष्ठेव॒ जनि॑मान्य॒र्य इन्द्र॑श्चि॒काय॒ न सखा॑यमी॒षे ||
samānám asmā ánapāvr̥d arca kṣmayā́ divó ásamam bráhma návyam ví yáḥ pr̥ṣṭhéva jánimāny aryá índraś cikā́ya ná sákhāyam īṣé
To him, I offer this new, unmatched hymn, common to earth and sky. He who surveys all living beings like their backs. Indra, the noble one, never fails his friend.
The poet offers a new and unmatched prayer to Indra, which is equally fitting for both earth and sky. Indra is portrayed as someone who observes all living beings as if looking at their backs. He is a steadfast friend who never fails those who rely on him.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. समानम् अस्मै अनपावृत् अर्च samānám asmai ánapāvr̥t arca (11 syllables)
- B. क्ष्मया दिवः असमं ब्रह्म नव्यम् kṣmayā́ diváḥ ásamam bráhma návyam (11 syllables)
- C. वि यः पृष्ठा इव जनिमानि अर्यः ví yáḥ pr̥ṣṭhā́ iva jánimāni aryáḥ (11 syllables)
- D. इन्द्रः चिचकाय न सखायम् ईषे índraḥ cikā́ya ná sákhāyam īṣé (11 syllables)
समानम् (samānám)
common
अस्मै (asmai)
to him
अनपावृत् (ánapāvr̥t)
unfailing
अर्च (arca)
sing/praise
क्ष्मया (kṣmayā́)
with the earth
दिवः (diváḥ)
of the sky
असमं (ásamam)
unmatched
ब्रह्म (bráhma)
hymn/prayer
नव्यम् (návyam)
new
वि (ví)
apart
यः (yáḥ)
who
पृष्ठा (pr̥ṣṭhā́)
backs
इव (iva)
like
जनिमानि (jánimāni)
living beings/creatures
अर्यः (aryáḥ)
of the noble one (Indra)
इन्द्रः (índraḥ)
Indra
चिचकाय (cikā́ya)
he surveys/observes
न (ná)
not
सखायम् (sákhāyam)
friend
ईषे (īṣé)
he lacks/fails
Stanza 10.89.4
इन्द्रा॑य॒ गिरो॒ अनि॑शितसर्गा अ॒पः प्रेर॑यं॒ सग॑रस्य बु॒ध्नात् | यो अक्षे॑णेव च॒क्रिया॒ शची॑भि॒र्विष्व॑क्त॒स्तम्भ॑ पृथि॒वीमु॒त द्याम् ||
índrāya gíro ániśitasargā apáḥ prérayaṁ ságarasya budhnā́t yó ákṣeṇeva cakríyā śácībhir víṣvak tastámbha pr̥thivī́m utá dyā́m
I will send forth my songs to Indra, like waters flowing from the ocean's depth. He, who with his powers, like an axle for his chariot wheels, has firmly fixed the earth and sky.
The poet declares his intention to send forth songs to Indra, comparing them to waters flowing from the ocean's depth, continuous and unrestrained. This verse highlights Indra's cosmic role in supporting the earth and sky, likening his stabilizing action to an axle holding the wheels of his chariot, secured by his power.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. इन्द्राय गिरे अनिश्शितसर्गाः índrāya gíraḥ ániśitasargāḥ (11 syllables)
- B. अपः प्र ईरयम् सागरस्य बुध्नात् apáḥ prá īrayam ságarasya budhnā́t (11 syllables)
- C. यः अक्षेण इव चक्रिया शचीभिः yáḥ ákṣeṇa iva cakríyā śácībhiḥ (11 syllables)
- D. विष्वक् तस्तम्भ पृथ्वीम् उत द्याम् víṣvak tastámbha pr̥thivī́m utá dyā́m (11 syllables)
इन्द्राय (índrāya)
to Indra
गिरे (gíraḥ)
songs/praises
अनिश्शितसर्गाः (ániśitasargāḥ)
unceasing flow
अपः (apáḥ)
waters
प्र (prá)
forth
ईरयम् (īrayam)
let me send
सागरस्य (ságarasya)
of the ocean
बुध्नात् (budhnā́t)
from the bottom
यः (yáḥ)
who
अक्षेण (ákṣeṇa)
by an axle
इव (iva)
like
चक्रिया (cakríyā)
of the chariot wheels
शचीभिः (śácībhiḥ)
by his powers
विष्वक् (víṣvak)
widely/on all sides
तस्तम्भ (tastámbha)
he has fixed/supported
पृथ्वीम् (pr̥thivī́m)
the earth
उत (utá)
and
द्याम् (dyā́m)
the sky
Stanza 10.89.5
आपा॑न्तमन्युस्तृ॒पल॑प्रभर्मा॒ धुनिः॒ शिमी॑वा॒ञ्छरु॑माँ ऋजी॒षी | सोमो॒ विश्वा॑न्यत॒सा वना॑नि॒ नार्वागिन्द्रं॑ प्रति॒माना॑नि देभुः ||
ā́pāntamanyus tr̥pálaprabharmā dhúniḥ śímīvāñ chárumām̐ r̥jīṣī́ sómo víśvāny atasā́ vánāni nā́rvā́g índram pratimā́nāni debhuḥ
He (Soma) is full of potent energy, vigorous, powerful, and armed. He moves through all the forests. The deceptive appearances of the world do not beguile Indra.
This verse describes Soma, the deified drink, using powerful imagery. Soma is depicted as being full of potent energy ('manyu'), moving vigorously, and armed. He is portrayed as a force that overcomes all obstacles in the forest. The stanza concludes by stating that the deceptive appearances of things do not fool Indra.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. आपा अन्तमन्युः तृपलप्रभर्मा ā́pāntamanyuḥ tr̥pálaprabharmā (11 syllables)
- B. धुनिः शिमीवान् शरुमान् ऋजीषी dhúniḥ śímīvān śárumān r̥jīṣī́ (11 syllables)
- C. सोमः विश्वाणि अतसा वनानि sómaḥ víśvāni atasā́ vánāni (11 syllables)
- D. न अर्वाक् इन्द्रम् प्रतिमानानि देभुः ná arvā́k índram pratimā́nāni debhuḥ (11 syllables)
आपा अन्तमन्युः (ā́pāntamanyuḥ)
having potent energy
तृपलप्रभर्मा (tr̥pálaprabharmā)
vigorous mover
धुनिः (dhúniḥ)
the mover/shaker
शिमीवान् (śímīvān)
armed
शरुमान् (śárumān)
carrying arrows/potent
ऋजीषी (r̥jīṣī́)
powerful
सोमः (sómaḥ)
Soma (the deified drink)
विश्वाणि (víśvāni)
all
अतसा (atasā́)
overcoming
वनानि (vánāni)
forests/woods
न (ná)
not
अर्वाक् (arvā́k)
deceptive/leading astray
इन्द्रम् (índram)
Indra
प्रतिमानानि (pratimā́nāni)
appearances/likenesses
देभुः (debhuḥ)
they deceive/beguile
Stanza 10.89.6
न यस्य॒ द्यावा॑पृथि॒वी न धन्व॒ नान्तरि॑क्षं॒ नाद्र॑यः॒ सोमो॑ अक्षाः | यद॑स्य म॒न्युर॑धिनी॒यमा॑नः शृ॒णाति॑ वी॒ळु रु॒जति॑ स्थि॒राणि॑ ||
ná yásya dyā́vāpr̥thivī́ ná dhánva nā́ntárikṣaṁ nā́drayaḥ sómo akṣāḥ yád asya manyúr adhinīyámānaḥ śr̥ṇā́ti vīḷú rujáti sthirā́ṇi
The earth and sky, the atmosphere, and the mountains do not obstruct him. When Indra's wrath, stirred up, arises, it crushes the strong and breaks the firm.
This verse emphasizes Indra's supreme power, stating that nothing, not even the earth, sky, atmosphere, or mountains, can match him. When Indra's wrath is roused, it is unstoppable, shattering even the strongest and most durable things, demonstrating his unparalleled might.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. न यस्य द्यावापृथिवी न धन्व ná yásya dyā́vāpr̥thivī́ ná dhánva (11 syllables)
- B. न अन्तरिक्षं न अद्रयः सोमः अक्षाः ná antárikṣam ná ádrayaḥ sómaḥ akṣār (11 syllables)
- C. यत् अस्य मन्युः अधिनियमानः yát asya manyúḥ adhinīyámānaḥ (11 syllables)
- D. श्रृणाति वीळु रुजाति स्थिराणि śr̥ṇā́ti vīḷú rujáti sthirā́ṇi (11 syllables)
न (ná)
nor
यस्य (yásya)
his
द्यावापृथिवी (dyā́vāpr̥thivī́)
earth and sky
न (ná)
nor
धन्व (dhánva)
firmament/sky
न (ná)
nor
अन्तरिक्षं (antárikṣam)
atmosphere/mid-space
न (ná)
nor
अद्रयः (ádrayaḥ)
mountains
सोमः (sómaḥ)
Soma (here, possibly referring to Indra's intoxicating power)
अक्षाः (akṣār)
flowed (here, 'could not match')
यत् (yát)
when
अस्य (asya)
his
मन्युः (manyúḥ)
wrath/anger
अधिनियमानः (adhinīyámānaḥ)
being stirred up/aroused
श्रृणाति (śr̥ṇā́ti)
he crushes/breaks
वीळु (vīḷú)
firm/strong
रुजाति (rujáti)
he breaks
स्थिराणि (sthirā́ṇi)
firm/stable things
Stanza 10.89.7
ज॒घान॑ वृ॒त्रं स्वधि॑ति॒र्वने॑व रु॒रोज॒ पुरो॒ अर॑द॒न्न सिन्धू॑न् | बि॒भेद॑ गि॒रिं नव॒मिन्न कु॒म्भमा गा इन्द्रो॑ अकृणुत स्व॒युग्भिः॑ ||
jaghā́na vr̥tráṁ svádhitir váneva rurója púro áradan ná síndhūn bibhéda giríṁ návam ín ná kumbhám ā́ gā́ índro akr̥ṇuta svayúgbhiḥ
Like an axe fells a tree, he killed Vritra. He broke down forts, made the rivers flow, and split the mountain like a new pitcher. Indra, with his companions, brought forth the cows.
This verse recounts Indra's heroic deeds, particularly his slaying of the demon Vritra, comparing his swift action to an axe felling a tree. Indra is also credited with breaking down fortifications, releasing rivers, and splitting a mountain like a pitcher. The stanza ends by mentioning that Indra, with his companions, brought forth the cows.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. जघान वृत्रम् स्वधितिः वना इव jaghā́na vr̥trám svádhitiḥ vánā iva (11 syllables)
- B. रुरोज पुरः अरदत् न सिन्धून् rurója púraḥ áradat ná síndhūn (11 syllables)
- C. बिभेद गिरिम् नवम् इत् न कुम्भम् bibhéda girím návam ít ná kumbhám (11 syllables)
- D. आ गाः इन्द्रः अकृणुत स्वयुग्भिः ā́ gā́ḥ índraḥ akr̥ṇuta svayúgbhiḥ (11 syllables)
जघान (jaghā́na)
he killed
वृत्रम् (vr̥trám)
Vritra (a demon)
स्वधितिः (svádhitiḥ)
axe
वना (vánā)
forests (here, implying 'like felling a tree')
इव (iva)
like
रुरोज (rurója)
he broke down
पुरः (púraḥ)
forts/strongholds
अरदत् (áradat)
he dug out/made flow
न (ná)
like
सिन्धून् (síndhūn)
rivers
बिभेद (bibhéda)
he split/broke
गिरिम् (girím)
the mountain
नवम् (návam)
new
इत् (ít)
indeed
न (ná)
like
कुम्भम् (kumbhám)
pitcher
आ (ā́)
brought forth
गाः (gā́ḥ)
cows
इन्द्रः (índraḥ)
Indra
अकृणुत (akr̥ṇuta)
he made/brought forth
स्वयुग्भिः (svayúgbhiḥ)
with his companions
Stanza 10.89.8
त्वं ह॒ त्यदृ॑ण॒या इ॑न्द्र॒ धीरो॒ऽसिर्न पर्व॑ वृजि॒ना शृ॑णासि | प्र ये मि॒त्रस्य॒ वरु॑णस्य॒ धाम॒ युजं॒ न जना॑ मि॒नन्ति॑ मि॒त्रम् ||
tváṁ ha tyád r̥ṇayā́ indra dhī́ro 'sír ná párva vr̥jinā́ śr̥ṇāsi prá yé mitrásya váruṇasya dhā́ma yújaṁ ná jánā minánti mitrám
O Indra, you are wise and the punisher of guilt. Like a sword, you strike down sinners and break wicked ways. You punish those who harm the sacred law of Mitra and Varuna, like men who injure a friend.
This verse praises Indra as a wise and powerful punisher of wrongdoing. He is depicted like a sharp sword that cuts down enemies and breaks evil practices. The verse highlights Indra's role in upholding the cosmic order ('Mitra' and 'Varuna's law') by punishing those who injure this sacred law, comparing them to individuals who harm a friend.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. त्वम् ह त्यत् ऋणयाः इन्द्र धीरः tvám ha tyát r̥ṇayā́ḥ indra dhī́raḥ (11 syllables)
- B. असिः न पर्व वृजिना श्रृणासि asíḥ ná párva vr̥jinā́ śr̥ṇāsi (11 syllables)
- C. प्र ये मित्रस्य वरुणस्य धाम prá yé mitrásya váruṇasya dhā́ma (11 syllables)
- D. युजं न जनाः मिनन्ति मित्रम् yújam ná jánāḥ minánti mitrám (10 syllables)
त्वम् (tvám)
you
ह (ha)
indeed
त्यत् (tyát)
that
ऋणयाः (r̥ṇayā́ḥ)
punisher of guilt
इन्द्र (indra)
O Indra
धीरः (dhī́raḥ)
wise
असिः (asíḥ)
sword
न (ná)
like
पर्व (párva)
limb/part
वृजिना (vr̥jinā́)
wicked ways/crimes
श्रृणासि (śr̥ṇāsi)
you strike down/break
प्र (prá)
forth
ये (yé)
who
मित्रस्य (mitrásya)
of Mitra (god of friendship/contracts)
वरुणस्य (váruṇasya)
of Varuna (god of cosmic order)
धाम (dhā́ma)
law/decree
युजं (yújam)
companion
न (ná)
like
जनाः (jánāḥ)
people
मिनन्ति (minánti)
they injure/harm
मित्रम् (mitrám)
friend (here, the law)
Stanza 10.89.9
प्र ये मि॒त्रं प्रार्य॒मणं॑ दु॒रेवाः॒ प्र सं॒गिरः॒ प्र वरु॑णं मि॒नन्ति॑ | न्य१॒॑मित्रे॑षु व॒धमि॑न्द्र॒ तुम्रं॒ वृष॒न्वृषा॑णमरु॒षं शि॑शीहि ||
prá yé mitrám prā́ryamáṇaṁ durévāḥ prá saṁgíraḥ prá váruṇam minánti ny àmítreṣu vadhám indra túmraṁ vŕ̥ṣan vŕ̥ṣāṇam aruṣáṁ śiśīhi
Those wicked people who harm Mitra, Aryaman, and Varuna, let them fall. O Indra, sharpen your formidable weapon against these enemies, like a strong, fiery bull.
This verse issues a strong warning against those who transgress against the divine order and disrespect the gods like Mitra, Aryaman, and Varuna. It calls upon Indra to sharpen his formidable weapon against such malevolent individuals who break agreements and act wickedly. Indra is urged to use his powerful, fiery 'bull-like' might against these enemies.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. प्र ये मित्रम् प्र आर्यमणं दुरेवाः prá yé mitrám prá aryamáṇam durévāḥ (11 syllables)
- B. प्र संगिरः प्र वरुणं मिनन्ति prá saṃgíraḥ prá váruṇam minánti (11 syllables)
- C. नि अमित्रेषु वधम् इन्द्र तुम्रं ní amítreṣu vadhám indra túmram (11 syllables)
- D. वृषन् वृषाणं अरुषं शिशीहि vŕ̥ṣan vŕ̥ṣāṇam aruṣám śiśīhi (11 syllables)
प्र (prá)
forth
ये (yé)
who
मित्रम् (mitrám)
Mitra (god of friendship)
प्र (prá)
forth
आर्यमणं (aryamáṇam)
Aryaman (god of hospitality and protection)
दुरेवाः (durévāḥ)
wicked people
प्र (prá)
forth
संगिरः (saṃgíraḥ)
agreements/compacts
प्र (prá)
forth
वरुणं (váruṇam)
Varuna (god of cosmic order)
मिनन्ति (minánti)
they injure/harm
नि (ní)
down
अमित्रेषु (amítreṣu)
against enemies
वधम् (vadhám)
weapon/slaughter
इन्द्र (indra)
O Indra
तुम्रं (túmram)
formidable/terrible
वृषन् (vŕ̥ṣan)
O strong one
वृषाणं (vŕ̥ṣāṇam)
strong
अरुषं (aruṣám)
fiery/red
शिशीहि (śiśīhi)
sharpen
Stanza 10.89.10
इन्द्रो॑ दि॒व इन्द्र॑ ईशे पृथि॒व्या इन्द्रो॑ अ॒पामिन्द्र॒ इत्पर्व॑तानाम् | इन्द्रो॑ वृ॒धामिन्द्र॒ इन्मेधि॑राणा॒मिन्द्रः॒ क्षेमे॒ योगे॒ हव्य॒ इन्द्रः॑ ||
índro divá índra īśe pr̥thivyā́ índro apā́m índra ít párvatānām índro vr̥dhā́m índra ín médhirāṇām índraḥ kṣéme yóge hávya índraḥ
Indra is the lord of the sky, Indra rules the earth. Indra is lord of the waters, Indra indeed of the mountains. Indra is lord of the prosperous, Indra indeed of the wise. Indra is to be invoked in peace and in effort.
This verse emphatically declares Indra's universal dominion. He is the sovereign ruler of the heavens, the earth, the waters, and the mountains. Indra also presides over those who grow and thrive, as well as the wise and learned. He is invoked and present in times of peace and activity, signifying his all-encompassing influence.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. इन्द्रः दिवः इन्द्रः ईशे पृथिव्याः índraḥ diváḥ índraḥ īśe pr̥thivyā́ḥ (11 syllables)
- B. इन्द्रः अपां इन्द्रः इत् पर्वतानाम् índraḥ apā́m índraḥ ít párvatānām (11 syllables)
- C. इन्द्रः वृधाम् इन्द्रः इत् मेधिराणाम् índraḥ vr̥dhā́m índraḥ ít médhirāṇām (11 syllables)
- D. इन्द्रः क्षेमे योगे हव्यः इन्द्रः índraḥ kṣéme yóge hávyaḥ índraḥ (11 syllables)
इन्द्रः (índraḥ)
Indra
दिवः (diváḥ)
of the sky
इन्द्रः (índraḥ)
Indra
ईशे (īśe)
he rules/is lord
पृथिव्याः (pr̥thivyā́ḥ)
of the earth
इन्द्रः (índraḥ)
Indra
अपां (apā́m)
of the waters
इन्द्रः (índraḥ)
Indra
इत् (ít)
indeed
पर्वतानाम् (párvatānām)
of the mountains
इन्द्रः (índraḥ)
Indra
वृधाम् (vr̥dhā́m)
of the prospering/growing
इन्द्रः (índraḥ)
Indra
इत् (ít)
indeed
मेधिराणाम् (médhirāṇām)
of the wise/learned
इन्द्रः (índraḥ)
Indra
क्षेमे (kṣéme)
in peace/rest
योगे (yóge)
in effort/union
हव्यः (hávyaḥ)
to be invoked
इन्द्रः (índraḥ)
Indra
Stanza 10.89.11
प्राक्तुभ्य॒ इन्द्रः॒ प्र वृ॒धो अह॑भ्यः॒ प्रान्तरि॑क्षा॒त्प्र स॑मु॒द्रस्य॑ धा॒सेः | प्र वात॑स्य॒ प्रथ॑सः॒ प्र ज्मो अन्ता॒त्प्र सिन्धु॑भ्यो रिरिचे॒ प्र क्षि॒तिभ्यः॑ ||
prā́ktúbhya índraḥ prá vr̥dhó áhabhyaḥ prā́ntárikṣāt prá samudrásya dhāséḥ prá vā́tasya práthasaḥ prá jmó ántāt prá síndhubhyo ririce prá kṣitíbhyaḥ
Indra is greater than the nights and days, greater than the expanding wind, greater than the ocean's depth. He is greater than the limits of the earth, greater than the rivers, and greater than the settlements.
This verse elevates Indra by stating his vastness surpasses all elements of existence. He is greater than the succession of nights and days, the expanse of the atmosphere, the depth of the ocean, and the reach of the wind. Indra's greatness extends beyond the boundaries of the earth, the rivers, and even human settlements, emphasizing his immeasurable scale.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. प्र अक्तुभ्यः इन्द्रः प्र वृधः अहभ्यः prá aktúbhyaḥ índraḥ prá vr̥dháḥ áhabhyaḥ (11 syllables)
- B. प्र अन्तरिक्षात् प्र समुद्रस्य धासेः prá antárikṣāt prá samudrásya dhāséḥ (11 syllables)
- C. प्र वाTuy प्रथसः प्र इमः अन्तात् prá vā́tasya práthasaḥ prá jmáḥ ántāt (11 syllables)
- D. प्र सिन्धुभ्यः रिरिचे प्र क्षितिभ्यः prá síndhubhyaḥ ririce prá kṣitíbhyaḥ (11 syllables)
प्र (prá)
greater
अक्तुभ्यः (aktúbhyaḥ)
than the nights
इन्द्रः (índraḥ)
Indra
प्र (prá)
greater
वृधः (vr̥dháḥ)
of increase/growth
अहभ्यः (áhabhyaḥ)
than the days
प्र (prá)
greater
अन्तरिक्षात् (antárikṣāt)
than the atmosphere
प्र (prá)
greater
समुद्रस्य (samudrásya)
than the ocean
धासेः (dhāséḥ)
than the extent/reach
प्र (prá)
greater
वाTuy (vā́tasya)
than the wind
प्रथसः (práthasaḥ)
than the expanse
प्र (prá)
greater
इमः (jmáḥ)
than the earth
अन्तात् (ántāt)
than the boundaries
प्र (prá)
greater
सिन्धुभ्यः (síndhubhyaḥ)
than the rivers
रिरिचे (ririce)
he excels/surpasses
प्र (prá)
greater
क्षितिभ्यः (kṣitíbhyaḥ)
than the settlements/lands
Stanza 10.89.12
प्र शोशु॑चत्या उ॒षसो॒ न के॒तुर॑सि॒न्वा ते॑ वर्ततामिन्द्र हे॒तिः | अश्मे॑व विध्य दि॒व आ सृ॑जा॒नस्तपि॑ष्ठेन॒ हेष॑सा॒ द्रोघ॑मित्रान् ||
prá śóśucatyā uṣáso ná ketúr asinvā́ te vartatām indra hetíḥ áśmeva vidhya divá ā́ sr̥jānás tápiṣṭhena héṣasā dróghamitrān
May your unerring weapon fly forward like the radiant dawn. O Indra, may it strike like a stone hurled from the sky, with the hottest energy, against the deceitful enemies.
This verse implores Indra to let his powerful weapon fly like a herald of the shining dawn. It asks him to strike down enemies with the intensity of a stone hurled from the sky. The imagery suggests Indra's divine arrow should be incredibly potent and swift, aimed at those who engage in deceitful practices and are enemies of the light.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. प्र शोशुचत्याः उषसः न केतुः prá śóśucatyāḥ uṣásaḥ ná ketúḥ (11 syllables)
- B. असिन्वा ते वर्तताम् इन्द्र हेतिः asinvā́ te vartatām indra hetíḥ (11 syllables)
- C. अश्मा इव विध्य दिवः आ सृजानः áśmā iva vidhya diváḥ ā́ sr̥jānáḥ (11 syllables)
- D. तपिष्ठेन हेषसा द्रोघमित्रान् tápiṣṭhena héṣasā dróghamitrān (11 syllables)
प्र (prá)
forward
शोशुचत्याः (śóśucatyāḥ)
shining intensely
उषसः (uṣásaḥ)
of the dawn
न (ná)
like
केतुः (ketúḥ)
herald/banner
असिन्वा (asinvā́)
unerring/unerring
ते (te)
your
वर्तताम् (vartatām)
may it move/fly
इन्द्र (indra)
O Indra
हेतिः (hetíḥ)
weapon/missile
अश्मा (áśmā)
stone
इव (iva)
like
विध्य (vidhya)
strike/pierce
दिवः (diváḥ)
from the sky
आ (ā́)
from
सृजानः (sr̥jānáḥ)
having hurled
तपिष्ठेन (tápiṣṭhena)
with the hottest
हेषसा (héṣasā)
with energy/force
द्रोघमित्रान् (dróghamitrān)
deceitful enemies
Stanza 10.89.13
अन्वह॒ मासा॒ अन्विद्वना॒न्यन्वोष॑धी॒रनु॒ पर्व॑तासः | अन्विन्द्रं॒ रोद॑सी वावशा॒ने अन्वापो॑ अजिहत॒ जाय॑मानम् ||
ánv áha mā́sā ánv íd vánāny ánv óṣadhīr ánu párvatāsaḥ ánv índraṁ ródasī vāvaśāné ánv ā́po ajihata jā́yamānam
The months followed him, the trees, the plants, and the mountains. The sky and earth yearned for him. The waters followed him when he was born.
This verse speaks of Indra's cosmic arrival and the elements that recognized and followed him. The months, trees, plants, and mountains all acknowledged his presence. Even the sky and earth yearned for him, and the waters waited for him as he came into being, highlighting his fundamental importance in the universe from its very origin.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. अनु अह मासाः अनु इत् वननि ánu áha mā́sāḥ ánu ít vánāni (11 syllables)
- B. अनु ओषधीः अनु पर्वतासः ánu óṣadhīḥ ánu párvatāsaḥ (11 syllables)
- C. अनु इन्द्रं रोदसी वावशाने ánu índram ródasī vāvaśāné (11 syllables)
- D. अनु आपः अजिहत जायमानम् ánu ā́paḥ ajihata jā́yamānam (11 syllables)
अनु (ánu)
following
अह (áha)
day (here referring to the cycle of time)
मासाः (mā́sāḥ)
months
अनु (ánu)
following
इत् (ít)
indeed
वननि (vánāni)
forests/trees
अनु (ánu)
following
ओषधीः (óṣadhīḥ)
plants/herbs
अनु (ánu)
following
पर्वतासः (párvatāsaḥ)
mountains
अनु (ánu)
following
इन्द्रं (índram)
Indra
रोदसी (ródasī)
earth and sky (two worlds)
वावशाने (vāvaśāné)
yearning/desiring
अनु (ánu)
following
आपः (ā́paḥ)
waters
अजिहत (ajihata)
they waited/followed
जायमानम् (jā́yamānam)
being born/coming into being
Stanza 10.89.14
कर्हि॑ स्वि॒त्सा त॑ इन्द्र चे॒त्यास॑द॒घस्य॒ यद्भि॒नदो॒ रक्ष॒ एष॑त् | मि॒त्र॒क्रुवो॒ यच्छस॑ने॒ न गावः॑ पृथि॒व्या आ॒पृग॑मु॒या शय॑न्ते ||
kárhi svit sā́ ta indra cetyā́sad aghásya yád bhinádo rákṣa éṣat mitrakrúvo yác chásane ná gā́vaḥ pr̥thivyā́ āpŕ̥g amuyā́ śáyante
When did your weapon strike, O Indra, when you split the demon of evil? When the enemies lay on the ground like sacrificial cattle, did they not see you?
This verse poses a question to Indra, asking where his destructive power was when he attacked the malevolent forces ('raksha'). It evokes imagery of enemies lying defeated on the ground like cattle prepared for sacrifice, suggesting their utter helplessness and complete destruction at Indra's hands.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. कर्हि स्विद् सा ते इन्द्र चेत्या असद kárhi svit sā́ te indra cetyā́ asat (11 syllables)
- B. अघस्य यत् भि NSD रक्षः एषत् aghásya yát bhinádaḥ rákṣaḥ éṣat (11 syllables)
- C. मित्रक्रुवः यत् शसने न गावः mitrakrúvaḥ yát śásane ná gā́vaḥ (11 syllables)
- D. पृथिव्याः आप्रृक् अमुया शयन्ते pr̥thivyā́ḥ āpŕ̥k amuyā́ śáyante (11 syllables)
कर्हि (kárhi)
when
स्विद् (svit)
indeed
सा (sā́)
that
ते (te)
your
इन्द्र (indra)
O Indra
चेत्या (cetyā́)
vengeful dart/weapon
असद (asat)
was
अघस्य (aghásya)
of evil/sin
यत् (yát)
when
भि NSD (bhinádaḥ)
you split/broke
रक्षः (rákṣaḥ)
demon/evil being
एषत् (éṣat)
seeing/reaching
मित्रक्रुवः (mitrakrúvaḥ)
enemies (those who break trust)
यत् (yát)
when
शसने (śásane)
in the place of sacrifice/destruction
न (ná)
like
गावः (gā́vaḥ)
cows
पृथिव्याः (pr̥thivyā́ḥ)
on the earth
आप्रृक् (āpŕ̥k)
lying extended
अमुया (amuyā́)
there
शयन्ते (śáyante)
they lie down
Stanza 10.89.15
श॒त्रू॒यन्तो॑ अ॒भि ये न॑स्तत॒स्रे महि॒ व्राध॑न्त ओग॒णास॑ इन्द्र | अ॒न्धेना॒मित्रा॒स्तम॑सा सचन्तां सुज्यो॒तिषो॑ अ॒क्तव॒स्ताँ अ॒भि ष्युः॑ ||
śatrūyánto abhí yé nas tatasré máhi vrā́dhanta ogaṇā́sa indra andhénāmítrās támasā sacantāṁ sujyotíṣo aktávas tā́m̐ abhí ṣyuḥ
May those who are our enemies and grow strong be destroyed. O Indra, may blinding darkness overtake the enemies, while those who love light have bright nights.
This verse invokes Indra to bring darkness and destruction upon those who are enemies and grow powerful in their opposition. The poet wishes for these adversaries, described as 'Oganas', to be overtaken by blinding darkness. In contrast, those who are allied with Indra and bring light ('sujyotisha') will have bright nights, implying divine favor and protection.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. शत्रूयन्तः अभि ये नः ततस्रे śatrūyántaḥ abhí yé naḥ tatasré (11 syllables)
- B. महि व्राधन्तः ओगणासः इन्द्र máhi vrā́dhantaḥ ogaṇā́saḥ indra (11 syllables)
- C. अन्धेन अमित्राः तमसा सचन्ताम् andhéna amítrāḥ támasā sacantām (11 syllables)
- D. सुज्योतिषः अक्तवः ताँ अभि स्युः sujyotíṣaḥ aktávaḥ tā́n abhí syuḥ (11 syllables)
शत्रूयन्तः (śatrūyántaḥ)
acting as enemies
अभि (abhí)
against
ये (yé)
who
नः (naḥ)
us
ततस्रे (tatasré)
have become established
महि (máhi)
greatly
व्राधन्तः (vrā́dhantaḥ)
growing strong
ओगणासः (ogaṇā́saḥ)
Oganas (a class of beings, possibly demons)
इन्द्र (indra)
O Indra
अन्धेन (andhéna)
with blinding
अमित्राः (amítrāḥ)
enemies
तमसा (támasā)
with darkness
सचन्ताम् (sacantām)
may they follow/be joined
सुज्योतिषः (sujyotíṣaḥ)
possessing good light
अक्तवः (aktávaḥ)
nights
ताँ (tā́n)
them
अभि (abhí)
against
स्युः (syuḥ)
may they be
Stanza 10.89.16
पु॒रूणि॒ हि त्वा॒ सव॑ना॒ जना॑नां॒ ब्रह्मा॑णि॒ मन्द॑न्गृण॒तामृषी॑णाम् | इ॒मामा॒घोष॒न्नव॑सा॒ सहू॑तिं ति॒रो विश्वाँ॒ अर्च॑तो याह्य॒र्वाङ् ||
purū́ṇi hí tvā sávanā jánānām bráhmāṇi mándan gr̥ṇatā́m ŕ̥ṣīṇām imā́m āghóṣann ávasā sáhūtiṁ tiró víśvām̐ árcato yāhy arvā́ṅ
May the prayers of people and the praises of sages rejoice you. Hearing this call, come quickly, passing by all others who praise you.
The poet expresses a desire for Indra to be pleased by the offerings and prayers of both people and sages. He urges Indra to come quickly, passing over those who praise him indifferently, to be present for this particular invocation. The verse emphasizes the importance of this specific prayer and the desire for Indra's immediate attention.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. हि त्वा सवना जनानां purū́ṇi hí tvā sávanā jánānām (11 syllables)
- B. ब्रह्माणि मन्दन् गृणताम् ऋषीणाम् bráhmāṇi mándan gr̥ṇatā́m ŕ̥ṣīṇām (11 syllables)
- C. इमाम् आघोषन् अवसा सहूतीम् imā́m āghóṣan ávasā sáhūtim (11 syllables)
- D. तिरो विश्वां अर्चतः याहि अर्वाङ् tirás víśvān árcataḥ yāhi arvā́ṅ (11 syllables)
(purū́ṇi)
हि (hí)
indeed
त्वा (tvā)
you
सवना (sávanā)
libations/offerings
जनानां (jánānām)
of the people
ब्रह्माणि (bráhmāṇi)
prayers/hymns
मन्दन् (mándan)
may they rejoice
गृणताम् (gr̥ṇatā́m)
of those who sing/praise
ऋषीणाम् (ŕ̥ṣīṇām)
of the sages
इमाम् (imā́m)
this
आघोषन् (āghóṣan)
calling out/invoking
अवसा (ávasā)
with aid/support
सहूतीम् (sáhūtim)
common invocation
तिरो (tirás)
passing by
विश्वां (víśvān)
all
अर्चतः (árcataḥ)
who praise
याहि (yāhi)
come
अर्वाङ् (arvā́ṅ)
hither/near
Stanza 10.89.17
ए॒वा ते॑ व॒यमि॑न्द्र भुञ्जती॒नां वि॒द्याम॑ सुमती॒नां नवा॑नाम् | वि॒द्याम॒ वस्तो॒रव॑सा गृ॒णन्तो॑ वि॒श्वामि॑त्रा उ॒त त॑ इन्द्र नू॒नम् ||
evā́ te vayám indra bhuñjatīnā́ṁ vidyā́ma sumatīnā́ṁ návānām vidyā́ma vástor ávasā gr̥ṇánto viśvā́mitrā utá ta indra nūnám
O Indra, may we, the Viśvāmitras, experience your new favors, by your support. Singing, may we win your favor and prosperity now.
The Viśvāmitra clan, speaking through the poet, expresses their desire to partake in Indra's new and beneficial favors. They wish to be blessed with his grace and to experience his support. The verse conveys a plea for Indra's attention and favor, hoping to win his favor and experience prosperity in the present time.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. ते वयम् इन्द्र भुञ्जतीनां evá + te vayám indra bhuñjatīnā́m (11 syllables)
- B. विद्याम सुमतीनां नवानां vidyā́ma sumatīnā́m návānām (11 syllables)
- C. विद्याम वस्तोः अवसा गृणन्तः vidyā́ma vástoḥ ávasā gr̥ṇántaḥ (11 syllables)
- D. विश्वामित्राः उत ते इन्द्र नू्नम् viśvā́mitrāḥ utá te indra nūnám (11 syllables)
(evá +)
ते (te)
your
वयम् (vayám)
we
इन्द्र (indra)
O Indra
भुञ्जतीनां (bhuñjatīnā́m)
of those who enjoy/benefit
विद्याम (vidyā́ma)
may we know/obtain
सुमतीनां (sumatīnā́m)
of good favor/benevolence
नवानां (návānām)
new
विद्याम (vidyā́ma)
may we know/obtain
वस्तोः (vástoḥ)
of dwelling/light
अवसा (ávasā)
by support/aid
गृणन्तः (gr̥ṇántaḥ)
singing/praising
विश्वामित्राः (viśvā́mitrāḥ)
Viśvāmitras (a priestly clan)
उत (utá)
and
ते (te)
your
इन्द्र (indra)
O Indra
नू्नम् (nūnám)
now/indeed
Stanza 10.89.18
शु॒नं हु॑वेम म॒घवा॑न॒मिन्द्र॑म॒स्मिन्भरे॒ नृत॑मं॒ वाज॑सातौ | शृ॒ण्वन्त॑मु॒ग्रमू॒तये॑ स॒मत्सु॒ घ्नन्तं॑ वृ॒त्राणि॑ सं॒जितं॒ धना॑नाम् ||
śunáṁ huvema maghávānam índram asmín bháre nŕ̥tamaṁ vā́jasātau śr̥ṇvántam ugrám ūtáye samátsu ghnántaṁ vr̥trā́ṇi saṁjítaṁ dhánānām
Let us call upon Indra, the generous and most heroic one, in this battle for victory. The strong one who listens, who gives aid in battles, who kills the Vritras, and wins all wealth.
This is a fervent call to Indra, the generous and heroic Indra, to be present and assist in a time of conflict and the pursuit of victory. He is described as the supreme hero, who listens to prayers, provides aid in battles, destroys enemies (Vritras), and ultimately wins and gathers wealth. The verse highlights Indra's role as a powerful protector and provider.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. शुणं हुवेम मघवानम् इन्द्रम् śunám huvema maghávānam índram (11 syllables)
- B. अस्मिन् भरे नृतमं वाजसातो asmín bháre nŕ̥tamam vā́jasātau (11 syllables)
- C. शृण्वन्तं उग्रं ऊतये समत्सु śr̥ṇvántam ugrám ūtáye samátsu (11 syllables)
- D. घ्नन्तं वृत्राणि संजितं धनानां ghnántam vr̥trā́ṇi saṃjítam dhánānām (11 syllables)
शुणं (śunám)
auspiciously/favorably
हुवेम (huvema)
let us call
मघवानम् (maghávānam)
the generous/bountiful
इन्द्रम् (índram)
Indra
अस्मिन् (asmín)
in this
भरे (bháre)
battle/effort
नृतमं (nŕ̥tamam)
most heroic
वाजसातो (vā́jasātau)
in the gaining of spoils/victory
शृण्वन्तं (śr̥ṇvántam)
who listens
उग्रं (ugrám)
the strong/powerful
ऊतये (ūtáye)
for aid/protection
समत्सु (samátsu)
in battles
घ्नन्तं (ghnántam)
who slays
वृत्राणि (vr̥trā́ṇi)
Vritras (demons/obstacles)
संजितं (saṃjítam)
who wins/conquers
धनानां (dhánānām)
of riches/wealth