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Stanza 10.82.1
चक्षु॑षः पि॒ता मन॑सा॒ हि धीरो॑ घृ॒तमे॑ने अजन॒न्नन्न॑माने | य॒देदन्ता॒ अद॑दृहन्त॒ पूर्व॒ आदिद्द्यावा॑पृथि॒वी अ॑प्रथेताम् ||
cákṣuṣaḥ pitā́ mánasā hí dhī́ro ghr̥tám ene ajanan nánnamāne yadéd ántā ádadr̥hanta pū́rva ā́d íd dyā́vāpr̥thivī́ aprathetām
The wise creator, the father of sight, by his mind, created these worlds, rich with abundance. When the first boundaries were firmly established, then the sky and earth were expanded.
This verse describes the creation of the universe by a divine intellect, referred to as the 'father of the eye' and 'wise in spirit'. This creator made the world with abundance ('ghrtam') and then, after securing the foundational elements, expanded the heavens and earth.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. चक्षुषः पिता मनसा हि धीरो cákṣuṣaḥ pitā́ mánasā hí dhī́raḥ (11 syllables)
- B. घृतम् एने अजनत् नन्नमाने ghr̥tám ene ajanat nánnamāne (11 syllables)
- C. यदा इत् अन्ताः अददृहन्त पूर्वे yadā́ ít ántāḥ ádadr̥hanta pū́rve (11 syllables)
- D. आत् इत् द्यावापृथिवी अप्रथेताम् ā́t ít dyā́vāpr̥thivī́ aprathetām (11 syllables)
चक्षुषः (cákṣuṣaḥ)
of the eye
पिता (pitā́)
father
मनसा (mánasā)
by the mind
हि (hí)
indeed
धीरो (dhī́raḥ)
wise, intelligent
घृतम् (ghr̥tám)
fatness, ghee, abundance
एने (ene)
these two
अजनत् (ajanat)
created, generated
नन्नमाने (nánnamāne)
bowing, yielding
यदा (yadā́)
when
इत् (ít)
and
अन्ताः (ántāḥ)
ends, boundaries
अददृहन्त (ádadr̥hanta)
had made firm, secured
पूर्वे (pū́rve)
former, eastern
आत् (ā́t)
then, thereupon
इत् (ít)
and
द्यावापृथिवी (dyā́vāpr̥thivī́)
sky and earth
अप्रथेताम् (aprathetām)
expanded, spread out
Stanza 10.82.2
वि॒श्वक॑र्मा॒ विम॑ना॒ आद्विहा॑या धा॒ता वि॑धा॒ता प॑र॒मोत सं॒दृक् | तेषा॑मि॒ष्टानि॒ समि॒षा म॑दन्ति॒ यत्रा॑ सप्तऋ॒षीन्प॒र एक॑मा॒हुः ||
viśvákarmā vímanā ā́d víhāyā dhātā́ vidhātā́ paramótá saṁdŕ̥k téṣām iṣṭā́ni sám iṣā́ madanti yátrā saptar̥ṣī́n pará ékam āhúḥ
Vishvakarma, who is of great mind, the establisher, the ordainer, and the supreme presence, their beloved sacrifices delight with strength. Where they speak of one beyond the seven sages.
This verse identifies various cosmic creators and organizers: Vishvakarma (the architect of the universe), Vimanah (of great mind), Vihayah (swift mover), Dhata (the establisher), and Vidhata (the ordainer). It states that these divine powers are pleased by offerings, and that one supreme entity is recognized beyond the seven sages.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. विश्वकर्मा विमनाः आत् विहायः viśvákarmā vímanāḥ ā́t víhāyāḥ (11 syllables)
- B. धाता विधाता परमो उत सองค์दृक् dhātā́ vidhātā́ paramā́ utá saṃdŕ̥k (11 syllables)
- C. तेषाम् इष्टानि सम् ईषा मदन्ति téṣām iṣṭā́ni sám iṣā́ madanti (11 syllables)
- D. यत्र सप्तऋषीन् परस् एकम् आहुः yátra + saptar̥ṣī́n parás ékam āhúḥ (11 syllables)
विश्वकर्मा (viśvákarmā)
Vishvakarma (the architect of the universe)
विमनाः (vímanāḥ)
of great mind
आत् (ā́t)
and
विहायः (víhāyāḥ)
moving swiftly, active
धाता (dhātā́)
establisher, creator
विधाता (vidhātā́)
ordainer, disposer
परमो (paramā́)
supreme, highest
उत (utá)
and
सองค์दृक् (saṃdŕ̥k)
presence, assembly
तेषाम् (téṣām)
of them
इष्टानि (iṣṭā́ni)
desired things, sacrifices
सम् (sám)
together
ईषा (iṣā́)
strength, nourishment
मदन्ति (madanti)
rejoice, delight
यत्र (yátra +)
where
सप्तऋषीन् (saptar̥ṣī́n)
seven sages
परस् (parás)
beyond, after
एकम् (ékam)
one
आहुः (āhúḥ)
they say, call
Stanza 10.82.3
यो नः॑ पि॒ता ज॑नि॒ता यो वि॑धा॒ता धामा॑नि॒ वेद॒ भुव॑नानि॒ विश्वा॑ | यो दे॒वानां॑ नाम॒धा एक॑ ए॒व तं स॑म्प्र॒श्नं भुव॑ना यन्त्य॒न्या ||
yó naḥ pitā́ janitā́ yó vidhātā́ dhā́māni véda bhúvanāni víśvā yó devā́nāṁ nāmadhā́ éka evá táṁ sampraśnám bhúvanā yanty anyā́
He who is our father, our begetter, he who is the ordainer, who knows all realms and all worlds. He alone is the namer of the gods; all beings go to him for understanding.
This verse poses a question about the ultimate creator, identifying him as the father and originator of all, the one who knows all realms and beings. He is the sole giver of names to the gods, and all existence seeks answers from him.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. यः नः पिता जनिता यः विधाता yáḥ naḥ pitā́ janitā́ yáḥ vidhātā́ (11 syllables)
- B. धामानि वेद भुवनानि विश्वा dhā́māni véda bhúvanāni víśvā (11 syllables)
- C. यः देवानाम् नामधाः एकः एव yáḥ devā́nām nāmadhā́ḥ ékaḥ evá (11 syllables)
- D. तम् सम्प्रश्नं भुवना यन्ति अन्या tám sampraśnám bhúvanā yanti anyā́ (11 syllables)
यः (yáḥ)
who
नः (naḥ)
our
पिता (pitā́)
father
जनिता (janitā́)
begetter, producer
यः (yáḥ)
who
विधाता (vidhātā́)
ordainer, disposer
धामानि (dhā́māni)
realms, abodes
वेद (véda)
knows
भुवनानि (bhúvanāni)
worlds, beings
विश्वा (víśvā)
all
यः (yáḥ)
who
देवानाम् (devā́nām)
of the gods
नामधाः (nāmadhā́ḥ)
namer, giver of names
एकः (ékaḥ)
one, alone
एव (evá)
alone, indeed
तम् (tám)
him
सम्प्रश्नं (sampraśnám)
a question, inquiry
भुवना (bhúvanā)
beings
यन्ति (yanti)
go, come
अन्या (anyā́)
other, else
Stanza 10.82.4
त आय॑जन्त॒ द्रवि॑णं॒ सम॑स्मा॒ ऋष॑यः॒ पूर्वे॑ जरि॒तारो॒ न भू॒ना | अ॒सूर्ते॒ सूर्ते॒ रज॑सि निष॒त्ते ये भू॒तानि॑ स॒मकृ॑ण्वन्नि॒मानि॑ ||
tá ā́yajanta dráviṇaṁ sám asmā ŕ̥ṣayaḥ pū́rve jaritā́ro ná bhūnā́ asū́rte sū́rte rájasi niṣatté yé bhūtā́ni samákr̥ṇvann imā́ni
To him they offered wealth in sacrifice, the ancient sages, the singers. They (did this) in the far, in the near, and in the lower regions, where he fashioned all these existing things.
The ancient sages and singers offered their wealth and devotion to this supreme being. They performed sacrifices in various realms—distant, near, and underlying—where this entity created all that exists.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. ते आ आयजन्त द्रविणं सम् अस्मै té ā́ ayajanta dráviṇam sám asmai (11 syllables)
- B. ऋषयः पूर्वे जरितारो न भूना ŕ̥ṣayaḥ pū́rve jaritā́raḥ ná bhūnā́ (12 syllables)
- C. असूर्ते सूर्ते रजसि निषत्ते asū́rte sū́rte rájasi niṣatté (11 syllables)
- D. ये भूतानि सकृण्वन् इमानि yé bhūtā́ni samákr̥ṇvan imā́ni (11 syllables)
ते (té)
they
आ (ā́)
indeed
आयजन्त (ayajanta)
sacrificed
द्रविणं (dráviṇam)
wealth, riches
सम् (sám)
together
अस्मै (asmai)
to him
ऋषयः (ŕ̥ṣayaḥ)
sages
पूर्वे (pū́rve)
ancient, former
जरितारो (jaritā́raḥ)
singers, praisers
न (ná)
not
भूना (bhūnā́)
in fullness, abundance
असूर्ते (asū́rte)
in the non-extended, outer
सूर्ते (sū́rte)
in the extended, inner
रजसि (rájasi)
in the realm, expanse
निषत्ते (niṣatté)
seated, established
ये (yé)
who
भूतानि (bhūtā́ni)
beings, existences
सकृण्वन् (samákr̥ṇvan)
fashioned together, created
इमानि (imā́ni)
these
Stanza 10.82.5
प॒रो दि॒वा प॒र ए॒ना पृ॑थि॒व्या प॒रो दे॒वेभि॒रसु॑रै॒र्यदस्ति॑ | कं स्वि॒द्गर्भं॑ प्रथ॒मं द॑ध्र॒ आपो॒ यत्र॑ दे॒वाः स॒मप॑श्यन्त॒ विश्वे॑ ||
paró divā́ pará enā́ pr̥thivyā́ paró devébhir ásurair yád ásti káṁ svid gárbham prathamáṁ dadhra ā́po yátra devā́ḥ samápaśyanta víśve
What is beyond the sky, beyond this earth? What is beyond the gods and demons? What was the first germ that the waters held, where all the gods together perceived (it)?
This verse questions the origin before the existence of heaven, earth, gods, and demons. It asks what the primeval 'germ' was that the waters held, and where all the gods first perceived the totality of creation.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. परः दिवा परः एना पृ fourth parás divā́ parás enā́ pr̥thivyā́ (11 syllables)
- B. परः देवेभिः असुरैः यत् अस्ति parás devébhiḥ ásuraiḥ yát ásti (11 syllables)
- C. कम् स्विद् गर्भं प्रथमं दध्रे आपो kám svit gárbham prathamám dadhre ā́paḥ (11 syllables)
- D. यत्र देवाः समपश्यन्त विश्वे yátra devā́ḥ samápaśyanta víśve (11 syllables)
परः (parás)
beyond, further
दिवा (divā́)
than the sky
परः (parás)
beyond, further
एना (enā́)
than this
पृ fourth (pr̥thivyā́)
than the earth
परः (parás)
beyond, further
देवेभिः (devébhiḥ)
than the gods
असुरैः (ásuraiḥ)
than the demons
यत् (yát)
what
अस्ति (ásti)
is
कम् (kám)
what
स्विद् (svit)
indeed, certainly
गर्भं (gárbham)
germ, embryo
प्रथमं (prathamám)
first, primeval
दध्रे (dadhre)
held, contained
आपो (ā́paḥ)
waters
यत्र (yátra)
where
देवाः (devā́ḥ)
gods
समपश्यन्त (samápaśyanta)
perceived together, saw collectively
विश्वे (víśve)
all
Stanza 10.82.6
तमिद्गर्भं॑ प्रथ॒मं द॑ध्र॒ आपो॒ यत्र॑ दे॒वाः स॒मग॑च्छन्त॒ विश्वे॑ | अ॒जस्य॒ नाभा॒वध्येक॒मर्पि॑तं॒ यस्मि॒न्विश्वा॑नि॒ भुव॑नानि त॒स्थुः ||
tám íd gárbham prathamáṁ dadhra ā́po yátra devā́ḥ samágachanta víśve ajásya nā́bhāv ádhy ékam árpitaṁ yásmin víśvāni bhúvanāni tasthúḥ
The waters held that first germ, where all the gods assembled together. It was placed upon the navel of the unborn, upon which all worlds were established.
This verse refers back to the primeval germ held by the waters, where all the gods assembled. It states that this germ rested on the 'navel of the unborn' and was the foundation upon which all worlds and beings were established.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. तम् इत् गर्भं प्रथमं दध्रे आपः tám ít gárbham prathamám dadhre ā́paḥ (11 syllables)
- B. यत्र देवाः समगच्छन्त विश्वे yátra devā́ḥ samágachanta víśve (11 syllables)
- C. अजस्य नाभौ अधि एकम् अर्पितं ajásya nā́bhau ádhi ékam árpitam (12 syllables)
- D. यस्मिन् विश्वानि भुवनानि तस्थुः yásmin víśvāni bhúvanāni tasthúḥ (11 syllables)
तम् (tám)
that
इत् (ít)
indeed
गर्भं (gárbham)
germ, embryo
प्रथमं (prathamám)
first, primeval
दध्रे (dadhre)
held, contained
आपः (ā́paḥ)
waters
यत्र (yátra)
where
देवाः (devā́ḥ)
gods
समगच्छन्त (samágachanta)
assembled together, came together
विश्वे (víśve)
all
अजस्य (ajásya)
of the unborn
नाभौ (nā́bhau)
on the navel
अधि (ádhi)
upon, on
एकम् (ékam)
one
अर्पितं (árpitam)
placed, established
यस्मिन् (yásmin)
in which
विश्वानि (víśvāni)
all
भुवनानि (bhúvanāni)
worlds, beings
तस्थुः (tasthúḥ)
stood, were established
Stanza 10.82.7
न तं वि॑दाथ॒ य इ॒मा ज॒जाना॒न्यद्यु॒ष्माक॒मन्त॑रं बभूव | नी॒हा॒रेण॒ प्रावृ॑ता॒ जल्प्या॑ चासु॒तृप॑ उक्थ॒शास॑श्चरन्ति ||
ná táṁ vidātha yá imā́ jajā́nānyád yuṣmā́kam ántaram babhūva nīhāréṇa prā́vr̥tā jálpyā cāsutŕ̥pa ukthaśā́saś caranti
You do not know him who created these beings; something else has come to be among you. Covered by mist, they wander, the glib and the hymn-singers, unsatisfied.
This verse laments that people cannot find the creator of all beings. It suggests that something else has arisen among them, and that those who speak in mist, who are unsatisfied, and who recite hymns (chanters) are wandering without true understanding.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. न तम् विदाथ यः इमा जजाना ná tám vidātha yáḥ imā́ jajā́na (11 syllables)
- B. अन्यत् युष्माकम् अन्तरं बभूव anyát yuṣmā́kam ántaram babhūva (11 syllables)
- C. निहारेण प्रावृताः जल्प्या च nīhāréṇa prā́vr̥tāḥ jálpyā ca (11 syllables)
- D. असुतृप उक्थशासश्च चरन्ति asutŕ̥paḥ ukthaśā́saḥ caranti (11 syllables)
न (ná)
not
तम् (tám)
him
विदाथ (vidātha)
you know, you find
यः (yáḥ)
who
इमा (imā́)
these
जजाना (jajā́na)
produced, created
अन्यत् (anyát)
something else
युष्माकम् (yuṣmā́kam)
your
अन्तरं (ántaram)
between, among
बभूव (babhūva)
has become, arose
निहारेण (nīhāréṇa)
by mist, obscurity
प्रावृताः (prā́vr̥tāḥ)
covered, enwrapped
जल्प्या (jálpyā)
glib, talkative
च (ca)
and
असुतृप (asutŕ̥paḥ)
unsatisfied, unable to satisfy
उक्थशासश्च (ukthaśā́saḥ)
hymn-chanters, reciters of verses
चरन्ति (caranti)
wander, move about