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Stanza 10.64.1
क॒था दे॒वानां॑ कत॒मस्य॒ याम॑नि सु॒मन्तु॒ नाम॑ शृण्व॒तां म॑नामहे | को मृ॑ळाति कत॒मो नो॒ मय॑स्करत्कत॒म ऊ॒ती अ॒भ्या व॑वर्तति ||
kathā́ devā́nāṁ katamásya yā́mani sumántu nā́ma śr̥ṇvatā́m manāmahe kó mr̥ḷāti katamó no máyas karat katamá ūtī́ abhy ā́ vavartati
How, among the gods, whose name shall we, hearing them, praise in this sacrifice? Who will show mercy to us? Who will bring us well-being? Under whose protection does he turn to us?
The hymn begins with a series of questions directed towards the divine. The poet asks which of the gods, among those who can hear, is being invoked and whose name should be praised. They then inquire about who among the deities will be merciful, who will bring them well-being, and who among the divine assembly will come to their aid.
Meter: Jagati
- A. कथा देवानां कतमस्य यामानि kathā́ devā́nām katamásya yā́mani (12 syllables)
- B. सुमान्स्तु नाम शृण्वतां मनामहे sumántu nā́ma śr̥ṇvatā́m manāmahe (12 syllables)
- C. क मृळाति कतमः नः मयः करत् káḥ mr̥ḷāti katamáḥ naḥ máyaḥ karat (13 syllables)
- D. कतमः ऊती अभ्या आ ववर्तति katamáḥ ūtī́ abhí ā́ vavartati (12 syllables)
कथा (kathā́)
how, in what way
देवानां (devā́nām)
of the gods
कतमस्य (katamásya)
of which one
यामानि (yā́mani)
in the movement, in the course
सुमान्स्तु (sumántu)
well-minded, benevolent
नाम (nā́ma)
name
शृण्वतां (śr̥ṇvatā́m)
of those who hear
मनामहे (manāmahe)
let us consider, let us praise
क (káḥ)
who
मृळाति (mr̥ḷāti)
may he be gracious, may he favor
कतमः (katamáḥ)
which one
नः (naḥ)
to us
मयः (máyaḥ)
well-being, comfort
करत् (karat)
may he make, may he cause
कतमः (katamáḥ)
which one
ऊती (ūtī́)
with protection, with aid
अभ्या (abhí)
towards, upon
आ (ā́)
towards, back
ववर्तति (vavartati)
may he turn, may he come
Stanza 10.64.2
क्र॒तू॒यन्ति॒ क्रत॑वो हृ॒त्सु धी॒तयो॒ वेन॑न्ति वे॒नाः प॒तय॒न्त्या दिशः॑ | न म॑र्डि॒ता वि॑द्यते अ॒न्य ए॑भ्यो दे॒वेषु॑ मे॒ अधि॒ कामा॑ अयंसत ||
kratūyánti krátavo hr̥tsú dhītáyo vénanti venā́ḥ patáyanty ā́ díśaḥ ná marḍitā́ vidyate anyá ebhyo devéṣu me ádhi kā́mā ayaṁsata
The intentions are activated, the thoughts in the heart are inspired. Desires desire, and directions are pervaded. No comforter is found for them (these desires). My desires have come to rest in the gods.
The poet describes the inner workings of the mind and spirit. The mind's intentions and thoughts are actively moving and expressing themselves within the heart. These desires and aspirations reach out and extend towards the directions. Since no other comforter is found, the poet's deepest longings and hopes are placed firmly upon the gods.
Meter: Jagati
- A. क्रतूयन्ति क्रतवो हृत्सु धीतयः kratūyánti krátavaḥ hr̥tsú dhītáyaḥ (12 syllables)
- B. वेनन्ति वेनाः पतयन्ति आ दिशः vénanti venā́ḥ patáyanti ā́ díśaḥ (12 syllables)
- C. न मर्डिता विद्यते अन्यः एभ्यः ná marḍitā́ vidyate anyáḥ ebhyaḥ (12 syllables)
- D. देवेषु मे अधि कामाः अयंसत devéṣu me ádhi kā́māḥ ayaṃsata (12 syllables)
क्रतूयन्ति (kratūyánti)
intend, are active
क्रतवो (krátavaḥ)
powers, intentions
हृत्सु (hr̥tsú)
in the hearts
धीतयः (dhītáyaḥ)
thoughts, conceptions
वेनन्ति (vénanti)
desire, yearn
वेनाः (venā́ḥ)
desires, longings
पतयन्ति (patáyanti)
cause to fly, send forth
आ (ā́)
towards, around
दिशः (díśaḥ)
directions, regions
न (ná)
not
मर्डिता (marḍitā́)
comforter, one who is pleased
विद्यते (vidyate)
is found
अन्यः (anyáḥ)
another
एभ्यः (ebhyaḥ)
from these
देवेषु (devéṣu)
in the gods
मे (me)
my
अधि (ádhi)
upon, over
कामाः (kā́māḥ)
desires, wishes
अयंसत (ayaṃsata)
they settled, they rested
Stanza 10.64.3
नरा॑ वा॒ शंसं॑ पू॒षण॒मगो॑ह्यम॒ग्निं दे॒वेद्ध॑म॒भ्य॑र्चसे गि॒रा | सूर्या॒मासा॑ च॒न्द्रम॑सा य॒मं दि॒वि त्रि॒तं वात॑मु॒षस॑म॒क्तुम॒श्विना॑ ||
nárā vā śáṁsam pūṣáṇam ágohyam agníṁ devéddham abhy àrcase girā́ sū́ryāmā́sā candrámasā yamáṁ diví tritáṁ vā́tam uṣásam aktúm aśvínā
I praise Narashamsa and Pushan, Agni who is not hidden and was kindled by the gods. I praise the sun and moon (as two moons), Yama in the sky, Trita, Vata, Ushas, Night, and the Ashvins.
The poet declares their intention to praise various deities with hymns and songs. They will offer praise to Narashamsa and Pushan, the unconcealable Agni, and the Sun and Moon. They also intend to invoke Yama in the heavens, Trita, Vata (wind), Ushas (dawn), Ratri (night), and the twin Ashvins.
Meter: Jagati
- A. नरा वा शंसं पूषणं अगोह्यं nárā vā śáṃsam pūṣáṇam ágohyam (12 syllables)
- B. अग्निं देवेद्धं अभ्य अर्चसे गिरा agním devéddham abhí arcase girā́ (12 syllables)
- C. सूर्यामासा चन्द्रमसा यमं दिवि sū́ryāmā́sā candrámasā yamám diví (12 syllables)
- D. त्रितं वातं उषसं अक्तं अश्विना tritám vā́tam uṣásam aktúm aśvínā (12 syllables)
नरा (nárā)
praise (as an offering)
वा (vā)
or
शंसं (śáṃsam)
praise, hymn
पूषणं (pūṣáṇam)
Pushan (the nourisher)
अगोह्यं (ágohyam)
unconcealable, not hidden
अग्निं (agním)
Agni (the fire god)
देवेद्धं (devéddham)
kindled by the gods
अभ्य (abhí)
towards, upon
अर्चसे (arcase)
I praise, I honor
गिरा (girā́)
with song, with hymn
सूर्यामासा (sū́ryāmā́sā)
Sun and Moon (as two moons)
चन्द्रमसा (candrámasā)
Moon
यमं (yamám)
Yama (god of the dead)
दिवि (diví)
in the sky, in the heaven
त्रितं (tritám)
Trita (a divine figure)
वातं (vā́tam)
Vata (wind god)
उषसं (uṣásam)
Ushas (dawn goddess)
अक्तं (aktúm)
Night
अश्विना (aśvínā)
the twin Ashvins
Stanza 10.64.4
क॒था क॒विस्तु॑वी॒रवा॒न्कया॑ गि॒रा बृह॒स्पति॑र्वावृधते सुवृ॒क्तिभिः॑ | अ॒ज एक॑पात्सु॒हवे॑भि॒र्ऋक्व॑भि॒रहिः॑ शृणोतु बु॒ध्न्यो॒३॒॑ हवी॑मनि ||
kathā́ kavís tuvīrávān káyā girā́ bŕ̥haspátir vāvr̥dhate suvr̥ktíbhiḥ ajá ékapāt suhávebhir ŕ̥kvabhir áhiḥ śr̥ṇotu budhnyò hávīmani
How is the wise, who has mighty praise, glorified? By what hymn does Brihaspati grow strong with excellent praises? May Aja-Ekapad, who is invoked with the Rkvan singers, and the serpent living in the depths, listen to our offering.
The poet questions how the sage, endowed with powerful praise, is glorified. They wonder by what hymn or verse Brihaspati (lord of hymns) grows strong through excellent praises. The invocation is extended to Aja-Ekapad (the one-footed goat, a form of Agni or Surya), who is easy to call, and to the swift Rkvan singers. They also call upon the serpent Ahi, dwelling in the deep, to listen to their offerings.
Meter: Jagati
- A. कथा कविः तवीरावान् कया गिरा kathā́ kavíḥ tuvīrávān káyā girā́ (12 syllables)
- B. बृहस्पतिः वावृधते सुवृत्तिभिः bŕ̥haspátiḥ vāvr̥dhate suvr̥ktíbhiḥ (12 syllables)
- C. अज एकपात् सुहवेभिः ऋक्वभिः ajáḥ ékapāt suhávebhiḥ ŕ̥kvabhiḥ (12 syllables)
- D. अहिः शृणोतु बुध्न्यः हवीमानि áhiḥ śr̥ṇotu budhnyàḥ hávīmani (12 syllables)
कथा (kathā́)
how
कविः (kavíḥ)
sage, poet
तवीरावान् (tuvīrávān)
having mighty praise, strong
कया (káyā)
by what
गिरा (girā́)
with hymn, with song
बृहस्पतिः (bŕ̥haspátiḥ)
Brihaspati (lord of hymns)
वावृधते (vāvr̥dhate)
may he grow, may he be nourished
सुवृत्तिभिः (suvr̥ktíbhiḥ)
with excellent praises
अज (ajáḥ)
goat (often associated with Agni or Surya)
एकपात् (ékapāt)
one-footed
सुहवेभिः (suhávebhiḥ)
easily invoked
ऋक्वभिः (ŕ̥kvabhiḥ)
by the Rkvan singers
अहिः (áhiḥ)
serpent
शृणोतु (śr̥ṇotu)
may he hear
बुध्न्यः (budhnyàḥ)
dwelling in the depth, abyssal
हवीमानि (hávīmani)
in the offering
Stanza 10.64.5
दक्ष॑स्य वादिते॒ जन्म॑नि व्र॒ते राजा॑ना मि॒त्रावरु॒णा वि॑वाससि | अतू॑र्तपन्थाः पुरु॒रथो॑ अर्य॒मा स॒प्तहो॑ता॒ विषु॑रूपेषु॒ जन्म॑सु ||
dákṣasya vādite jánmani vraté rā́jānā mitrā́váruṇā́ vivāsasi átūrtapanthāḥ pururátho aryamā́ saptáhotā víṣurūpeṣu jánmasu
O Aditi, at the birth of Daksha and the observance of the vow, you summon the kings Mitra and Varuna. Aryaman, with an unhindered path and many vehicles, comes to the seven priests in various births.
The poet addresses Aditi, the mother goddess, and invokes her to call forth Mitra and Varuna, the divine rulers, during the birth of Daksha and in accordance with the sacred vow. They praise Aryaman, the god of hospitality and order, who moves with an unhindered path and possesses many chariots. Aryaman is invoked along with the Saptahota (seven priests) during various births or manifestations.
Meter: Jagati
- A. दक्षस्य वा अदिते जन्मनि व्रते dákṣasya vā adite jánmani vraté (12 syllables)
- B. राजान मित्रावरुणा आ विवससि rā́jānā mitrā́váruṇā ā́ vivāsasi (12 syllables)
- C. अतूर्तपन्थाः पुरुरथः अर्यमा átūrtapanthāḥ pururáthaḥ aryamā́ (12 syllables)
- D. सप्तहोता विषुरूपासु जन्मसु saptáhotā víṣurūpeṣu jánmasu (12 syllables)
दक्षस्य (dákṣasya)
of Daksha (a cosmic being)
वा (vā)
or
अदिते (adite)
O Aditi (mother of gods)
जन्मनि (jánmani)
at the birth
व्रते (vraté)
in the vow, in the observance
राजान (rā́jānā)
the two kings
मित्रावरुणा (mitrā́váruṇā)
Mitra and Varuna
आ (ā́)
towards
विवससि (vivāsasi)
you summon, you worship
अतूर्तपन्थाः (átūrtapanthāḥ)
with an unhindered path
पुरुरथः (pururáthaḥ)
with many chariots
अर्यमा (aryamā́)
Aryaman (god of hospitality)
सप्तहोता (saptáhotā)
the seven priests
विषुरूपासु (víṣurūpeṣu)
in various forms, in different births
जन्मसु (jánmasu)
in births, in origins
Stanza 10.64.6
ते नो॒ अर्व॑न्तो हवन॒श्रुतो॒ हवं॒ विश्वे॑ शृण्वन्तु वा॒जिनो॑ मि॒तद्र॑वः | स॒ह॒स्र॒सा मे॒धसा॑ताविव॒ त्मना॑ म॒हो ये धनं॑ समि॒थेषु॑ जभ्रि॒रे ||
té no árvanto havanaśrúto hávaṁ víśve śr̥ṇvantu vājíno mitádravaḥ sahasrasā́ medhásātāv iva tmánā mahó yé dhánaṁ samithéṣu jabhriré
May those coursers, hearers of our call, vigorous and strong, listen to us. May they, like the winners of thousands, with their own power, may they who seized great wealth in assemblies, listen.
The poet invokes the swift and powerful coursers (likely divine beings or their vehicles) to hear their call. These beings are described as 'listeners of invocation', 'vigorous', and 'winners of thousands'. They are asked to heed the call, for they possess great strength and gather immense wealth in all their endeavors, particularly in competitive gatherings or sacrifices.
Meter: Jagati
- A. ते नः अर्वन्तः हवनश्रुतः हवं té naḥ árvantaḥ havanaśrútaḥ hávam (12 syllables)
- B. विश्वे शृण्वन्तु वाजिनः मितद्रवः víśve śr̥ṇvantu vājínaḥ mitádravaḥ (12 syllables)
- C. सहस्रसाः मेधसाताविव इव त्मना sahasrasā́ḥ medhásātau iva tmánā (12 syllables)
- D. महो ये धनं समित्षु जभ्रिरे maháḥ yé dhánam samithéṣu jabhriré (12 syllables)
ते (té)
they
नः (naḥ)
us
अर्वन्तः (árvantaḥ)
coursers, swift ones
हवनश्रुतः (havanaśrútaḥ)
listeners of invocation
हवं (hávam)
call, invocation
विश्वे (víśve)
all
शृण्वन्तु (śr̥ṇvantu)
may they hear
वाजिनः (vājínaḥ)
vigorous, strong, powerful
मितद्रवः (mitádravaḥ)
moving with measured steps
सहस्रसाः (sahasrasā́ḥ)
winners of thousands
मेधसाताविव (medhásātau)
in the sacrifice, in the assembly
इव (iva)
like, as
त्मना (tmánā)
by themselves, by their own power
महो (maháḥ)
great
ये (yé)
who
धनं (dhánam)
wealth, prize
समित्षु (samithéṣu)
in assemblies, in battles
जभ्रिरे (jabhriré)
they seized, they took
Stanza 10.64.7
प्र वो॑ वा॒युं र॑थ॒युजं॒ पुरं॑धिं॒ स्तोमैः॑ कृणुध्वं स॒ख्याय॑ पू॒षण॑म् | ते हि दे॒वस्य॑ सवि॒तुः सवी॑मनि॒ क्रतुं॒ सच॑न्ते स॒चितः॒ सचे॑तसः ||
prá vo vāyúṁ rathayújam púraṁdhiṁ stómaiḥ kr̥ṇudhvaṁ sakhyā́ya pūṣáṇam té hí devásya savitúḥ sávīmani krátuṁ sácante sacítaḥ sácetasaḥ
Bring Vayu, the yoker of chariots, and Purandhi for friendship, and Pushan, with hymns. For they, attentive and of one mind, share the power of the divine Savitar.
The poet urges the listeners to welcome Vayu (the wind god) who yokes his steeds and Purandhi (associated with abundance or the earth) with songs of praise. They are also encouraged to welcome Pushan (the nourisher) for the sake of friendship. These deities, along with those who are 'sachitaḥ' (attentive, inspired) and 'sachetasaḥ' (of one mind), partake in the cosmic order and power ('kratum') of Savitar, the impeller, highlighting their collective participation in divine activities.
Meter: Jagati
- A. प्र वो वायुं रथयुजं पुरंन्धिं prá vaḥ vāyúm rathayújam púraṃdhim (11 syllables)
- B. स्तोमैः कृणुध्वं सख्याय पूषणं stómaiḥ kr̥ṇudhvam sakhyā́ya pūṣáṇam (12 syllables)
- C. ते हि देवस्य सवितुः सवीमानि té hí devásya savitúḥ sávīmani (12 syllables)
- D. क्रतुं सचन्ते सचतः सचेतसः krátum sácante sacítaḥ sácetasaḥ (12 syllables)
प्र (prá)
forth, forward
वो (vaḥ)
to you
वायुं (vāyúm)
Vayu (wind god)
रथयुजं (rathayújam)
yoking the chariot
पुरंन्धिं (púraṃdhim)
Purandhi (a goddess, or a concept of abundance)
स्तोमैः (stómaiḥ)
with hymns, with praises
कृणुध्वं (kr̥ṇudhvam)
make ye, bring forth ye
सख्याय (sakhyā́ya)
for friendship
पूषणं (pūṣáṇam)
Pushan (nourisher)
ते (té)
they
हि (hí)
indeed, truly
देवस्य (devásya)
of the divine
सवितुः (savitúḥ)
of Savitar (the impeller, sun god)
सवीमानि (sávīmani)
in the impulse, in the power
क्रतुं (krátum)
power, will, energy
सचन्ते (sácante)
they follow, they join
सचतः (sacítaḥ)
inspired, attentive
सचेतसः (sácetasaḥ)
of one mind, of one accord
Stanza 10.64.8
त्रिः स॒प्त स॒स्रा न॒द्यो॑ म॒हीर॒पो वन॒स्पती॒न्पर्व॑ताँ अ॒ग्निमू॒तये॑ | कृ॒शानु॒मस्तॄ॑न्ति॒ष्यं॑ स॒धस्थ॒ आ रु॒द्रं रु॒द्रेषु॑ रु॒द्रियं॑ हवामहे ||
tríḥ saptá sasrā́ nadyò mahī́r apó vánaspátīn párvatām̐ agním ūtáye kr̥śā́num ástr̥r̥n tiṣyàṁ sadhástha ā́ rudráṁ rudréṣu rudríyaṁ havāmahe
For aid, may the thrice-seven rivers, the great waters, the forest trees, the mountains, Agni, Krshanu, Tisya, the archers in the assembly, and Rudra among the Rudras, listen to our call.
The poet invokes a multitude of divine entities for aid. This includes the thrice-seven rivers, the great waters, forest trees, mountains, and Agni. They also call upon Krshanu (an archer or deity), Tisya (a star or deity), and the archers gathered in the assembly. Finally, Rudra, the fierce deity, and his Rudriya forms are invoked to be present and assist.
Meter: Jagati
- A. त्रिः सप्त सस्राः नद्यः महीः अपो trís saptá sasrā́ḥ nadyàḥ mahī́ḥ apáḥ (12 syllables)
- B. वनस्पतीन् पर्वतान् अग्निं ऊतये vánaspátīn párvatān agním ūtáye (12 syllables)
- C. कृशानं अस्तॄन तिष्यं सधस्थे आ kr̥śā́num ástr̥̄n tiṣyàm sadhásthe ā́ (13 syllables)
- D. रुद्रं रुद्रेषु रुद्रियं हवामहे rudrám rudréṣu rudríyam havāmahe (12 syllables)
त्रिः (trís)
thrice
सप्त (saptá)
seven
सस्राः (sasrā́ḥ)
wandering, flowing
नद्यः (nadyàḥ)
rivers
महीः (mahī́ḥ)
great
अपो (apáḥ)
waters
वनस्पतीन् (vánaspátīn)
forest trees
पर्वतान् (párvatān)
mountains
अग्निं (agním)
Agni (fire god)
ऊतये (ūtáye)
for aid, for help
कृशानं (kr̥śā́num)
Krishanu (a deity or archer)
अस्तॄन (ástr̥̄n)
archers
तिष्यं (tiṣyàm)
Tisya (a star or deity)
सधस्थे (sadhásthe)
in the assembly, in the common dwelling
आ (ā́)
towards
रुद्रं (rudrám)
Rudra (fierce god)
रुद्रेषु (rudréṣu)
among the Rudras
रुद्रियं (rudríyam)
related to Rudra, fierce
हवामहे (havāmahe)
we call
Stanza 10.64.9
सर॑स्वती स॒रयुः॒ सिन्धु॑रू॒र्मिभि॑र्म॒हो म॒हीरव॒सा य॑न्तु॒ वक्ष॑णीः | दे॒वीरापो॑ मा॒तरः॑ सूदयि॒त्न्वो॑ घृ॒तव॒त्पयो॒ मधु॑मन्नो अर्चत ||
sárasvatī saráyuḥ síndhur ūrmíbhir mahó mahī́r ávasā́ yantu vákṣaṇīḥ devī́r ā́po mātáraḥ sūdayitnvò ghr̥távat páyo mádhuman no arcata
Let Sarasvati, Sarayu, and the Sindhu come with their waves and great help. May the divine mothers, the waters, the life-givers, bestow upon us ghee-rich and honey-sweet nourishment.
The poet invokes the divine rivers, Sarasvati, Sarayu, and the Indus, along with their mighty waves and ample flow, to come with their assistance. These are addressed as goddesses, mothers, and life-givers. The poet asks them to bestow upon them (the people) milk-like sustenance that is rich in ghee and sweet like honey.
Meter: Jagati
- A. सरस्वती सरयुः सिन्धुः ऊर्मिभिः sárasvatī saráyuḥ síndhuḥ ūrmíbhiḥ (12 syllables)
- B. महो महीः अवसा आ यन्तु वक्षणीः maháḥ mahī́ḥ ávasā ā́ yantu vákṣaṇīḥ (12 syllables)
- C. देवीः आपः मातरः सूदयित्न्वः devī́ḥ ā́paḥ mātáraḥ sūdayitnvàḥ (12 syllables)
- D. घृतवत् पयः मधुमत् नः अर्चत ghr̥távat páyaḥ mádhumat naḥ arcata (12 syllables)
सरस्वती (sárasvatī)
Sarasvati (goddess of rivers and knowledge)
सरयुः (saráyuḥ)
Sarayu (a river)
सिन्धुः (síndhuḥ)
Indus river, river
ऊर्मिभिः (ūrmíbhiḥ)
with waves, with floods
महो (maháḥ)
great
महीः (mahī́ḥ)
great (feminine plural)
अवसा (ávasā)
with help, with support
आ (ā́)
towards, hither
यन्तु (yantu)
may they come
वक्षणीः (vákṣaṇīḥ)
life-givers, those who carry
देवीः (devī́ḥ)
goddesses
आपः (ā́paḥ)
waters
मातरः (mātáraḥ)
mothers
सूदयित्न्वः (sūdayitnvàḥ)
life-giving, animating
घृतवत् (ghr̥távat)
rich in ghee
पयः (páyaḥ)
nourishment, milk
मधुमत् (mádhumat)
sweet like honey
नः (naḥ)
to us
अर्चत (arcata)
may you bestow, may you favor
Stanza 10.64.10
उ॒त मा॒ता बृ॑हद्दि॒वा शृ॑णोतु न॒स्त्वष्टा॑ दे॒वेभि॒र्जनि॑भिः पि॒ता वचः॑ | ऋ॒भु॒क्षा वाजो॒ रथ॒स्पति॒र्भगो॑ र॒ण्वः शंसः॑ शशमा॒नस्य॑ पातु नः ||
utá mātā́ br̥haddivā́ śr̥ṇotu nas tváṣṭā devébhir jánibhiḥ pitā́ vácaḥ r̥bhukṣā́ vā́jo ráthaspátir bhágo raṇváḥ śáṁsaḥ śaśamānásya pātu naḥ
And let the mother Brhaddiva hear us, Tvashṭar the father with the goddesses and female beings. Let Rbhukshan, Vaja, Rathaspati, Bhaga, the eloquent speaker, and the one who is praised, protect us.
The poet calls upon several divine figures to hear their words. These include Brhaddiva, the mother goddess, Tvashṭar (the divine architect), the father, and the female deities. Also invoked are Rbhukshan, Vaja (power), Rathaspati (lord of the chariot), Bhaga (fortune), and the eloquent speaker. The poet asks them to protect them, emphasizing the importance of speech and divine favor.
Meter: Jagati
- A. उत माता बृहद्दिवा शृणोतु नः utá mātā́ br̥haddivā́ śr̥ṇotu naḥ (12 syllables)
- B. त्वष्टा देवेभिः जनिभिः पिता वचः tváṣṭā devébhiḥ jánibhiḥ pitā́ vácaḥ (12 syllables)
- C. ऋभुक्षाः वाजः रथस्पतिः भगो r̥bhukṣā́ḥ vā́jaḥ ráthaspátiḥ bhágaḥ (11 syllables)
- D. रण्वः शंसः शशमानस्य पातु नः raṇváḥ śáṃsaḥ śaśamānásya pātu naḥ (12 syllables)
उत (utá)
and also
माता (mātā́)
mother
बृहद्दिवा (br̥haddivā́)
Brhaddiva (a divine mother)
शृणोतु (śr̥ṇotu)
may she hear
नः (naḥ)
us
त्वष्टा (tváṣṭā)
Tvashṭar (divine artisan)
देवेभिः (devébhiḥ)
with the gods
जनिभिः (jánibhiḥ)
with the mothers, with female beings
पिता (pitā́)
father
वचः (vácaḥ)
word, speech
ऋभुक्षाः (r̥bhukṣā́ḥ)
Rbhukshan (a deity associated with skill)
वाजः (vā́jaḥ)
Vaja (power, strength, food)
रथस्पतिः (ráthaspátiḥ)
Rathaspati (lord of the chariot)
भगो (bhágaḥ)
Bhaga (god of fortune, share)
रण्वः (raṇváḥ)
pleasant, delightful
शंसः (śáṃsaḥ)
praise, proclamation
शशमानस्य (śaśamānásya)
of the one praising, of the one striving
पातु (pātu)
may he protect
नः (naḥ)
us
Stanza 10.64.11
र॒ण्वः संदृ॑ष्टौ पितु॒माँ इ॑व॒ क्षयो॑ भ॒द्रा रु॒द्राणां॑ म॒रुता॒मुप॑स्तुतिः | गोभिः॑ ष्याम य॒शसो॒ जने॒ष्वा सदा॑ देवास॒ इळ॑या सचेमहि ||
raṇváḥ sáṁdr̥ṣṭau pitumā́m̐ iva kṣáyo bhadrā́ rudrā́ṇām marútām úpastutiḥ góbhiḥ ṣyāma yaśáso jáneṣv ā́ sádā devāsa íḷayā sacemahi
May the dwelling be pleasant to see, rich in food, like the auspicious favor of the Maruts and Rudra. May we, with cattle, become famous among people. May we always associate with you, O Gods, with offerings.
The hymn describes a desirable state of being and connection with the divine. The poet wishes for a pleasant dwelling, like one rich in food, and for the favorable grace of the Maruts and Rudra. They desire to be renowned among people for their wealth in cattle and to constantly associate with the gods through 'ila' (sacred food or offering). This signifies a prosperous and divinely favored existence.
Meter: Jagati
- A. रण्वः संदृष्टौ पितुमाँ इव क्षयः raṇváḥ sáṃdr̥ṣṭau pitumā́n iva kṣáyaḥ (12 syllables)
- B. भद्रा रुद्राणां मरुतां उपस्तुतिः bhadrā́ rudrā́ṇām marútām úpastutiḥ (12 syllables)
- C. गोभिः श्याम यशसः जनेषु आ góbhiḥ syāma yaśásaḥ jáneṣu ā́ (12 syllables)
- D. सदा देवासः इलया सचेमहि sádā devāsaḥ íḷayā sacemahi (12 syllables)
रण्वः (raṇváḥ)
pleasant, joyful
संदृष्टौ (sáṃdr̥ṣṭau)
in sight, in appearance
पितुमाँ (pitumā́n)
rich in food, well-fed
इव (iva)
like, as
क्षयः (kṣáyaḥ)
dwelling, home
भद्रा (bhadrā́)
auspicious, blessed
रुद्राणां (rudrā́ṇām)
of Rudra
मरुतां (marútām)
of the Maruts
उपस्तुतिः (úpastutiḥ)
praise, adoration
गोभिः (góbhiḥ)
with cattle
श्याम (syāma)
may we be
यशसः (yaśásaḥ)
famous, glorious
जनेषु (jáneṣu)
among people
आ (ā́)
towards
सदा (sádā)
always, ever
देवासः (devāsaḥ)
O Gods
इलया (íḷayā)
with offerings, with food
सचेमहि (sacemahi)
may we associate, may we join
Stanza 10.64.12
यां मे॒ धियं॒ मरु॑त॒ इन्द्र॒ देवा॒ अद॑दात वरुण मित्र यू॒यम् | तां पी॑पयत॒ पय॑सेव धे॒नुं कु॒विद्गिरो॒ अधि॒ रथे॒ वहा॑थ ||
yā́m me dhíyam máruta índra dévā ádadāta varuṇa mitra yūyám tā́m pīpayata páyaseva dhenúṁ kuvíd gíro ádhi ráthe váhātha
O Maruts, Indra, Gods, O Varuna and Mitra, the thought which you have given me, nourish it like a cow with milk. Will you not carry my hymns upon your chariot?
The poet addresses several deities, including the Maruts, Indra, Varuna, and Mitra. They acknowledge a thought or inspiration ('dhiyam') that these gods have bestowed upon them. The poet implores these gods to nurture and develop this gift, comparing it to a milch cow being nourished with milk. They then ask if the gods will carry their hymns ('giraḥ') on their chariot, indicating a desire for their prayers to be heard and carried forward.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. यां मे धियं मरुतः इन्द्र देवाः yā́m me dhíyam márutaḥ índra dévāḥ (11 syllables)
- B. अददात वरुण मित्र यूयं ádadāta varuṇa mitra yūyám (11 syllables)
- C. तां पीपयत पयसा इव धेनुं tā́m pīpayata páyasā iva dhenúm (11 syllables)
- D. कुविद् गिरः अधि रथे वहाथ kuvít gíraḥ ádhi ráthe váhātha (11 syllables)
यां (yā́m)
which
मे (me)
to me
धियं (dhíyam)
thought, inspiration
मरुतः (márutaḥ)
O Maruts
इन्द्र (índra)
O Indra
देवाः (dévāḥ)
O Gods
अददात (ádadāta)
you gave
वरुण (varuṇa)
O Varuna
मित्र (mitra)
O Mitra
यूयं (yūyám)
you (plural)
तां (tā́m)
that
पीपयत (pīpayata)
make abundant, nourish
पयसा (páyasā)
with milk
इव (iva)
like
धेनुं (dhenúm)
a milch cow
कुविद् (kuvít)
will you not, perhaps
गिरः (gíraḥ)
hymns, songs
अधि (ádhi)
upon
रथे (ráthe)
on the chariot
वहाथ (váhātha)
will you carry
Stanza 10.64.13
कु॒विद॒ङ्ग प्रति॒ यथा॑ चिद॒स्य नः॑ सजा॒त्य॑स्य मरुतो॒ बुबो॑धथ | नाभा॒ यत्र॑ प्रथ॒मं सं॒नसा॑महे॒ तत्र॑ जामि॒त्वमदि॑तिर्दधातु नः ||
kuvíd aṅgá práti yáthā cid asyá naḥ sajātyàsya maruto búbodhatha nā́bhā yátra prathamáṁ saṁnásāmahe tátra jāmitvám áditir dadhātu naḥ
O Maruts, do you truly understand our relationship? When we first meet together, may Aditi establish our kinship there.
The poet addresses the Maruts, imploring them to remember and understand their shared kinship or connection. They ask if the gods will truly comprehend this relationship, especially at the point where they first meet or connect. The poet then invokes Aditi to establish and confirm this bond of brotherhood or close association at that very moment of meeting.
Meter: Jagati
- A. कुविद् अङ्ग प्रति यथा चिद् अस्य नः kuvít aṅgá práti yáthā cit asyá naḥ (12 syllables)
- B. सजात्यस्य मरुतः बुबोधथ sajātyàsya marutaḥ búbodhatha (12 syllables)
- C. नाभा यत्र प्रथमं संनसामहे nā́bhā yátra prathamám saṃnásāmahe (12 syllables)
- D. तत्र जामित्वं अदितिः दधातु नः tátra jāmitvám áditiḥ dadhātu naḥ (12 syllables)
कुविद् (kuvít)
will you not, perhaps
अङ्ग (aṅgá)
indeed, truly (particle)
प्रति (práti)
towards, in return
यथा (yáthā)
as, how
चिद् (cit)
indeed, even
अस्य (asyá)
of this
नः (naḥ)
our
सजात्यस्य (sajātyàsya)
of the same origin, of kinship
मरुतः (marutaḥ)
O Maruts
बुबोधथ (búbodhatha)
may you understand, may you realize
नाभा (nā́bhā)
at the navel, at the center
यत्र (yátra)
where
प्रथमं (prathamám)
first, foremost
संनसामहे (saṃnásāmahe)
we come together, we unite
तत्र (tátra)
there
जामित्वं (jāmitvám)
brotherhood, kinship
अदितिः (áditiḥ)
Aditi (the infinite mother)
दधातु (dadhātu)
may she establish, may she place
नः (naḥ)
our
Stanza 10.64.14
ते हि द्यावा॑पृथि॒वी मा॒तरा॑ म॒ही दे॒वी दे॒वाञ्जन्म॑ना य॒ज्ञिये॑ इ॒तः | उ॒भे बि॑भृत उ॒भयं॒ भरी॑मभिः पु॒रू रेतां॑सि पि॒तृभि॑श्च सिञ्चतः ||
té hí dyā́vāpr̥thivī́ mātárā mahī́ devī́ devā́ñ jánmanā yajñíye itáḥ ubhé bibhr̥ta ubháyam bhárīmabhiḥ purū́ rétāṁsi pitŕ̥bhiś ca siñcataḥ
For indeed, Heaven and Earth, the two great mothers, the goddesses, worthy of sacrifice, are associated with the births of the gods. They support both (realms) with their sustenance, and with the ancestors, they pour forth abundant streams.
The hymn extols Heaven and Earth as the two great divine mothers, worthy of worship and closely associated with the gods and their births. They are described as jointly supporting both the divine and human realms with their sustenance. Furthermore, they are depicted as nurturing and providing for both the gods and the ancestors ('pitr̥bhiḥ') through a copious, generative flow.
Meter: Jagati
- A. ते हि द्यावापृथिवी मातरा मही té hí dyā́vāpr̥thivī́ mātárā mahī́ (12 syllables)
- B. देवी देवान् जन्मना यज्ञिये इतः devī́ devā́n jánmanā yajñíye itáḥ (12 syllables)
- C. उभे बिभृतः उभयं भरीमभिः ubhé bibhr̥taḥ ubháyam bhárīmabhiḥ (12 syllables)
- D. रेतां पितृभिः च सिञ्चतः purú + rétāṃsi pitŕ̥bhiḥ ca siñcataḥ (12 syllables)
ते (té)
they
हि (hí)
indeed
द्यावापृथिवी (dyā́vāpr̥thivī́)
Heaven and Earth
मातरा (mātárā)
the two mothers
मही (mahī́)
great
देवी (devī́)
goddesses
देवान् (devā́n)
the gods
जन्मना (jánmanā)
by birth, through birth
यज्ञिये (yajñíye)
worthy of sacrifice, divine
इतः (itáḥ)
they proceed, they go
उभे (ubhé)
both
बिभृतः (bibhr̥taḥ)
they uphold, they support
उभयं (ubháyam)
both (neuter)
भरीमभिः (bhárīmabhiḥ)
with sustenance, with nourishment
(purú +)
रेतां (rétāṃsi)
seeds, generative fluids
पितृभिः (pitŕ̥bhiḥ)
with the fathers, with ancestors
च (ca)
and
सिञ्चतः (siñcataḥ)
they sprinkle, they pour
Stanza 10.64.15
वि षा होत्रा॒ विश्व॑मश्नोति॒ वार्यं॒ बृह॒स्पति॑र॒रम॑तिः॒ पनी॑यसी | ग्रावा॒ यत्र॑ मधु॒षुदु॒च्यते॑ बृ॒हदवी॑वशन्त म॒तिभि॑र्मनी॒षिणः॑ ||
ví ṣā́ hótrā víśvam aśnoti vā́ryam bŕ̥haspátir arámatiḥ pánīyasī grā́vā yátra madhuṣúd ucyáte br̥hád ávīvaśanta matíbhir manīṣíṇaḥ
This invocation reaches all desired things. Brihaspati, the highly praised and delightful Aramati, are here. Where the sweet-pressing stone is praised, and where the wise thinkers with their thoughts have celebrated, it shines.
The invocation ('hotrā') is described as reaching all desired objects and achieving greatness. Brihaspati, the lord of hymns, and Aramati, who is highly praised and delightful, are present. The sound of the pressing stone ('grāva'), which extracts soma juice, is heard, along with the purposeful thoughts ('matibhiḥ') of the wise thinkers ('manīṣiṇaḥ'). This stanza connects the ritual act of pressing soma with intellectual and divine praise.
Meter: Jagati
- A. वि सा होत्रा विश्वं अश्नोति वार्यं ví sā́ hótrā víśvam aśnoti vā́ryam (12 syllables)
- B. बृहस्पतिः अरमतिः पनीयसी bŕ̥haspátiḥ arámatiḥ pánīyasī (12 syllables)
- C. ग्रावा यत्र मधुसुद् उच्यते बृहदवीवशान्त grā́vā yátra madhuṣút ucyáte br̥hát (12 syllables)
- D. अवीवशान्त मतिभिः मनीषिणः ávīvaśanta matíbhiḥ manīṣíṇaḥ (12 syllables)
वि (ví)
apart, widely
सा (sā́)
that
होत्रा (hótrā)
invocation, prayer
विश्वं (víśvam)
all
अश्नोति (aśnoti)
reaches, attains
वार्यं (vā́ryam)
desirable, valuable
बृहस्पतिः (bŕ̥haspátiḥ)
Brihaspati (lord of hymns)
अरमतिः (arámatiḥ)
Aramati (a goddess or concept of devotion)
पनीयसी (pánīyasī)
highly praiseworthy, delightful
ग्रावा (grā́vā)
pressing stone (for soma)
यत्र (yátra)
where
मधुसुद् (madhuṣút)
sweetly pressing, extracting sweetness
उच्यते (ucyáte)
is called, is praised
बृहदवीवशान्त (br̥hát)
great, loud
अवीवशान्त (ávīvaśanta)
they shouted, they celebrated
मतिभिः (matíbhiḥ)
with thoughts, with understanding
मनीषिणः (manīṣíṇaḥ)
wise thinkers, sages
Stanza 10.64.16
ए॒वा क॒विस्तु॑वी॒रवाँ॑ ऋत॒ज्ञा द्र॑विण॒स्युर्द्रवि॑णसश्चका॒नः | उ॒क्थेभि॒रत्र॑ म॒तिभि॑श्च॒ विप्रोऽपी॑पय॒द्गयो॑ दि॒व्यानि॒ जन्म॑ ||
evā́ kavís tuvīrávām̐ r̥tajñā́ draviṇasyúr dráviṇasaś cakānáḥ ukthébhir átra matíbhiś ca vípró 'pīpayad gáyo divyā́ni jánma
Thus the sage, having mighty praise, knowing the order, desirous of wealth, and shining, the wise singer Gaya, has delighted the divine realm with hymns and thoughts.
This stanza celebrates the sage Gaya, described as wise, powerful, and desirous of wealth. He is also referred to as a 'vipra' (a wise one or singer) and praised for his skill in rituals and hymns. Through his poetic utterances ('uktha') and mental focus ('mati'), he has pleased the celestial beings and their realms ('divyani janma'). The sage's efforts have brought contentment to the divine world.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. एवा कविः तवीरावान् ऋतज्ञाः evá + kavíḥ tuvīrávān r̥tajñā́ḥ (11 syllables)
- B. द्रविणस्युः द्रविणसश्च चकाणः draviṇasyúḥ dráviṇasaḥ cakānáḥ (11 syllables)
- C. उक्थेभिः अत्र मतिभिः च विप्रः ukthébhiḥ átra matíbhiḥ ca vípraḥ (11 syllables)
- D. अपीपयद् गयो दिव्यानि जन्म ápīpayat gáyaḥ divyā́ni jánma (11 syllables)
एवा (evá +)
thus, so
कविः (kavíḥ)
sage, poet
तवीरावान् (tuvīrávān)
having mighty praise, powerful
ऋतज्ञाः (r̥tajñā́ḥ)
knower of the cosmic order
द्रविणस्युः (draviṇasyúḥ)
desirous of wealth
द्रविणसश्च (dráviṇasaḥ)
of wealth
चकाणः (cakānáḥ)
shining, pleasing
उक्थेभिः (ukthébhiḥ)
with hymns, with praises
अत्र (átra)
here
मतिभिः (matíbhiḥ)
with thoughts, with devotions
च (ca)
and
विप्रः (vípraḥ)
sage, singer, bright one
अपीपयद् (ápīpayat)
he pleased, he satisfied
गयो (gáyaḥ)
Gaya (a sage or singer)
दिव्यानि (divyā́ni)
divine
जन्म (jánma)
birth, origin, realm
Stanza 10.64.17
ए॒वा प्ल॒तेः सू॒नुर॑वीवृधद्वो॒ विश्व॑ आदित्या अदिते मनी॒षी | ई॒शा॒नासो॒ नरो॒ अम॑र्त्ये॒नास्ता॑वि॒ जनो॑ दि॒व्यो गये॑न ||
evā́ platéḥ sūnúr avīvr̥dhad vo víśva ādityā adite manīṣī́ īśānā́so náro ámartyenā́stāvi jáno divyó gáyena
Thus the son of Plati has increased (our devotion to) you, O all Adityas, O Aditi. The wise, masters among the immortal ones, have praised the divine people with their glory.
The hymn concludes by praising the sage Plati's son, who has amplified the divine glory. The poet addresses the Adityas and Aditi, calling them 'immortal'. It is stated that the divine beings ('devāḥ'), who are masters ('īśānāsaḥ') and men ('naraḥ'), are made wealthy by the immortal ones. The celestial folk ('divyaḥ janaḥ') are glorified by Gaya through his connection with the divine ('gayena').
Meter: Tristubh
- A. एवा प्लतेः सूनुः अवीवृधद्वो वो evá + platéḥ sūnúḥ avīvr̥dhat vaḥ (11 syllables)
- B. विश्व आदित्या अदिते मनीषी víśve ādityāḥ adite manīṣī́ (11 syllables)
- C. ईशानासः नरः अमर्त्येना īśānā́saḥ náraḥ ámartyena (11 syllables)
- D. स्तावि जनो दिव्यो गयेन ástāvi jánaḥ divyáḥ gáyena (11 syllables)
एवा (evá +)
thus, so
प्लतेः (platéḥ)
of Plati (a sage)
सूनुः (sūnúḥ)
son
अवीवृधद्वो (avīvr̥dhat)
he increased, he praised
वो (vaḥ)
you (plural)
विश्व (víśve)
all
आदित्या (ādityāḥ)
O Adityas (sons of Aditi)
अदिते (adite)
O Aditi
मनीषी (manīṣī́)
wise, thoughtful
ईशानासः (īśānā́saḥ)
masters, rulers
नरः (náraḥ)
men, people
अमर्त्येना (ámartyena)
by the immortal
स्तावि (ástāvi)
he was praised
जनो (jánaḥ)
people, folk
दिव्यो (divyáḥ)
divine, celestial
गयेन (gáyena)
by Gaya (through his song or association)