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Stanza 10.38.1
अ॒स्मिन्न॑ इन्द्र पृत्सु॒तौ यश॑स्वति॒ शिमी॑वति॒ क्रन्द॑सि॒ प्राव॑ सा॒तये॑ | यत्र॒ गोषा॑ता धृषि॒तेषु॑ खा॒दिषु॒ विष्व॒क्पत॑न्ति दि॒द्यवो॑ नृ॒षाह्ये॑ ||
asmín na indra pr̥tsutaú yáśasvati śímīvati krándasi prā́va sātáye yátra góṣātā dhr̥ṣitéṣu khādíṣu víṣvak pátanti didyávo nr̥ṣā́hye
O Indra, in this great and glorious battle, resounding with war cries, protect us for victory. Where, in the struggle for cattle, among the daring warriors, arrows fly in all directions, and the brave men are overcome.
In this intense and glorious battle, filled with the sounds of war, the speaker calls upon Indra for victory. The hymn describes a scene where arrows fly amidst bold warriors, and the struggle for cattle ownership is fierce, highlighting the chaotic and perilous nature of the conflict.
Meter: Jagati
- A. अस्मिन् नः इन्द्र पृत्सुतौ यशस्वति asmín naḥ indra pr̥tsutaú yáśasvati (12 syllables)
- B. शिमीवति क्रन्दसि प्र अव सातये śímīvati krándasi prá ava sātáye (12 syllables)
- C. यत्र गोषाता धृषतेषु खादिषु yátra góṣātā dhr̥ṣitéṣu khādíṣu (12 syllables)
- D. विष्वक् पतन्ति दिद्यवो नृषाये víṣvak pátanti didyávaḥ nr̥ṣā́hye (12 syllables)
अस्मिन् (asmín)
in this
नः (naḥ)
us
इन्द्र (indra)
O Indra
पृत्सुतौ (pr̥tsutaú)
in battle
यशस्वति (yáśasvati)
glorious
शिमीवति (śímīvati)
equipped with weapons
क्रन्दसि (krándasi)
in the loud din
प्र (prá)
forth
अव (ava)
protect
सातये (sātáye)
for victory/gain
यत्र (yátra)
where
गोषाता (góṣātā)
in the struggle for cattle
धृषतेषु (dhr̥ṣitéṣu)
among the daring
खादिषु (khādíṣu)
in the strife
विष्वक् (víṣvak)
in all directions
पतन्ति (pátanti)
they fly
दिद्यवो (didyávaḥ)
arrows
नृषाये (nr̥ṣā́hye)
in the heroic struggle
Stanza 10.38.2
स नः॑ क्षु॒मन्तं॒ सद॑ने॒ व्यू॑र्णुहि॒ गोअ॑र्णसं र॒यिमि॑न्द्र श्र॒वाय्य॑म् | स्याम॑ ते॒ जय॑तः शक्र मे॒दिनो॒ यथा॑ व॒यमु॒श्मसि॒ तद्व॑सो कृधि ||
sá naḥ kṣumántaṁ sádane vy ūā̀rṇuhi góarṇasaṁ rayím indra śravā́yyam syā́ma te jáyataḥ śakra medíno yáthā vayám uśmási tád vaso kr̥dhi
O Indra, reveal to us in our dwelling abundant wealth that sustains us. O Indra, let us be yours, and as you are the victorious one, grant us what we desire. O possessor of wealth, fulfill our wishes.
The speaker implores Indra to reveal abundant wealth, like sustenance and milk, within their home. They wish to be associated with Indra, the powerful conqueror, so that their desires can be fulfilled. The verse expresses a strong aspiration for divine favor and material prosperity.
Meter: Jagati
- A. स नः क्षुमन्तं सदने वि ऊर्णुहि sá naḥ kṣumántam sádane ví ūrṇuhi (12 syllables)
- B. गोअर्णसं यमि इन्द्र श्रवाय्यम् góarṇasam rayím indra śravā́yyam (12 syllables)
- C. श्याम ते जयतः शक्र मेदिनः syā́ma te jáyataḥ śakra medínaḥ (12 syllables)
- D. यथा वयं उश्मसि तद् वसो कृधि yáthā vayám uśmási tát vaso kr̥dhi (12 syllables)
स (sá)
he
नः (naḥ)
to us
क्षुमन्तं (kṣumántam)
nourishing
सदने (sádane)
in the dwelling
वि (ví)
apart
ऊर्णुहि (ūrṇuhi)
uncover
गोअर्णसं (góarṇasam)
flowing with milk
यमि (rayím)
wealth
इन्द्र (indra)
O Indra
श्रवाय्यम् (śravā́yyam)
worthy of renown
श्याम (syā́ma)
may we be
ते (te)
your
जयतः (jáyataḥ)
of the conqueror
शक्र (śakra)
O powerful one
मेदिनः (medínaḥ)
friendly
यथा (yáthā)
as
वयं (vayám)
we
उश्मसि (uśmási)
we desire
तद् (tát)
that
वसो (vaso)
O possessor of wealth
कृधि (kr̥dhi)
do
Stanza 10.38.3
यो नो॒ दास॒ आर्यो॑ वा पुरुष्टु॒तादे॑व इन्द्र यु॒धये॒ चिके॑तति | अ॒स्माभि॑ष्टे सु॒षहाः॑ सन्तु॒ शत्र॑व॒स्त्वया॑ व॒यं तान्व॑नुयाम संग॒मे ||
yó no dā́sa ā́ryo vā puruṣṭutā́deva indra yudháye cíketati asmā́bhiṣ ṭe suṣáhāḥ santu śátravas tváyā vayáṁ tā́n vanuyāma saṁgamé
O Indra, greatly praised, whoever, be he a Dasa or an Arya, thinks of fighting against us, may his enemies be easily conquered by us. With your aid, O Indra, may we overcome them in battle.
This verse addresses Indra, who is praised for his many gifts. It states that anyone, whether an enemy (Dasa) or a compatriot (Arya), who contemplates fighting against the speaker's group, will be easily defeated with Indra's help. The hymn expresses confidence in Indra's power to overcome any adversary in battle.
Meter: Jagati
- A. यः नः दासः आर्यः वा पुरुष्टुत yáḥ naḥ dā́saḥ ā́ryaḥ vā puruṣṭuta (12 syllables)
- B. अदेवः इन्द्र युधये चिकेThird ádevaḥ indra yudháye cíketati (12 syllables)
- C. अस्माभिः ते सुषहाः सन्तु शत्रवः asmā́bhiḥ te suṣáhāḥ santu śátravaḥ (12 syllables)
- D. त्वया वयं तान वनुयाम संगमे tváyā vayám tā́n vanuyāma saṃgamé (12 syllables)
यः (yáḥ)
whoever
नः (naḥ)
us
दासः (dā́saḥ)
enemy (non-Aryan)
आर्यः (ā́ryaḥ)
Aryan (compatriot)
वा (vā)
or
पुरुष्टुत (puruṣṭuta)
O much-praised one
अदेवः (ádevaḥ)
godless
इन्द्र (indra)
O Indra
युधये (yudháye)
for fighting
चिकेThird (cíketati)
contemplates
अस्माभिः (asmā́bhiḥ)
by us
ते (te)
with you
सुषहाः (suṣáhāḥ)
easily conquered
सन्तु (santu)
may they be
शत्रवः (śátravaḥ)
enemies
त्वया (tváyā)
by you
वयं (vayám)
we
तान (tā́n)
them
वनुयाम (vanuyāma)
may we conquer
संगमे (saṃgamé)
in the encounter/battle
Stanza 10.38.4
यो द॒भ्रेभि॒र्हव्यो॒ यश्च॒ भूरि॑भि॒र्यो अ॒भीके॑ वरिवो॒विन्नृ॒षाह्ये॑ | तं वि॑खा॒दे सस्नि॑म॒द्य श्रु॒तं नर॑म॒र्वाञ्च॒मिन्द्र॒मव॑से करामहे ||
yó dabhrébhir hávyo yáś ca bhū́ribhir yó abhī́ke varivovín nr̥ṣā́hye táṁ vikhādé sásnim adyá śrutáṁ náram arvā́ñcam índram ávase karāmahe
Let us invoke Indra, the celebrated hero, who is called upon by the humble and the mighty, and who protects us in times of conflict. Let us bring near the renowned hero, Indra, for our help and support.
The speaker calls upon Indra, described as a hero who is invoked by both the few and the many, and who offers protection in times of danger. Indra is also depicted as a renowned winner in fierce battles. The hymn seeks to bring this powerful Indra near for assistance and favor.
Meter: Jagati
- A. यः दभ्रेभिः हव्यः यः च भूरिभिः yáḥ dabhrébhiḥ hávyaḥ yáḥ ca bhū́ribhiḥ (12 syllables)
- B. यः अभीके वरिवोविद् नृषाये yáḥ abhī́ke varivovít nr̥ṣā́hye (12 syllables)
- C. तं विखादे सस्निम् अद्य श्रुतं नरं tám vikhādé sásnim adyá śrutám náram (12 syllables)
- D. अर्वाञ्चं इन्द्रं अवसे चरामहे arvā́ñcam índram ávase karāmahe (12 syllables)
यः (yáḥ)
who
दभ्रेभिः (dabhrébhiḥ)
by the few
हव्यः (hávyaḥ)
to be invoked
यः (yáḥ)
who
च (ca)
and
भूरिभिः (bhū́ribhiḥ)
by the many
यः (yáḥ)
who
अभीके (abhī́ke)
in proximity/battle
वरिवोविद् (varivovít)
providing comfort
नृषाये (nr̥ṣā́hye)
in the heroic struggle
तं (tám)
him
विखादे (vikhādé)
in the battle
सस्निम् (sásnim)
winner
अद्य (adyá)
today
श्रुतं (śrutám)
famous/renowned
नरं (náram)
hero
अर्वाञ्चं (arvā́ñcam)
approaching/coming hither
इन्द्रं (índram)
Indra
अवसे (ávase)
for protection/help
चरामहे (karāmahe)
let us make/invoke
Stanza 10.38.5
स्व॒वृजं॒ हि त्वाम॒हमि॑न्द्र शु॒श्रवा॑नानु॒दं वृ॑षभ रध्र॒चोद॑नम् | प्र मु॑ञ्चस्व॒ परि॒ कुत्सा॑दि॒हा ग॑हि॒ किमु॒ त्वावा॑न्मु॒ष्कयो॑र्ब॒द्ध आ॑सते ||
svavŕ̥jaṁ hí tvā́m ahám indra śuśrávānānudáṁ vr̥ṣabha radhracódanam prá muñcasva pári kútsād ihā́ gahi kím u tvā́vān muṣkáyor baddhá āsate
O Indra, I have heard you are self-reliant, a bull who never retreats, and one who inspires even the reluctant. Free yourself from Kutsa's bonds and come here. Why do you, so mighty, sit bound and inactive?
The speaker addresses Indra, whom they have heard is self-reliant, a strong bull, and a motivator. They urge Indra to break free from the bonds of Kutsa and come to them. The hymn questions how someone as powerful as Indra can remain inactive and bound.
Meter: Jagati
- A. स्ववृजं हि त्वां अहं इन्द्र शुश्रवा svavŕ̥jam hí tvā́m ahám indra śuśráva (12 syllables)
- B. अनानुदं वृषभ रध्रचोदनं anānudám vr̥ṣabha radhracódanam (12 syllables)
- C. प्र मुञ्चस्व परि कुत्सात् इह आ गहि prá muñcasva pári kútsāt ihá ā́ gahi (12 syllables)
- D. किमु उ त्वावान् मुष्कयोः बद्धः आसते kím u tvā́vān muṣkáyoḥ baddháḥ āsate (12 syllables)
स्ववृजं (svavŕ̥jam)
self-reliant
हि (hí)
indeed
त्वां (tvā́m)
you
अहं (ahám)
I
इन्द्र (indra)
O Indra
शुश्रवा (śuśráva)
I have heard
अनानुदं (anānudám)
who never retreats
वृषभ (vr̥ṣabha)
O bull
रध्रचोदनं (radhracódanam)
one who urges the slow
प्र (prá)
forth
मुञ्चस्व (muñcasva)
release yourself
परि (pári)
from
कुत्सात् (kútsāt)
from Kutsa
इह (ihá)
here
आ (ā́)
hither
गहि (gahi)
come
किमु (kím)
why
उ (u)
indeed
त्वावान् (tvā́vān)
one so mighty
मुष्कयोः (muṣkáyoḥ)
in bonds
बद्धः (baddháḥ)
bound
आसते (āsate)
sits