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Stanza 10.1.1
अग्रे॑ बृ॒हन्नु॒षसा॑मू॒र्ध्वो अ॑स्थान्निर्जग॒न्वान्तम॑सो॒ ज्योति॒षागा॑त् | अ॒ग्निर्भा॒नुना॒ रुश॑ता॒ स्वङ्ग॒ आ जा॒तो विश्वा॒ सद्मा॑न्यप्राः ||
ágre br̥hánn uṣásām ūrdhvó asthān nirjaganvā́n támaso jyótiṣā́gāt agnír bhānúnā rúśatā sváṅga ā́ jātó víśvā sádmāny aprāḥ
At first, the great one stood tall before the dawn, emerging from darkness with light. Agni, with his bright and beautiful radiance, filled all the homes upon his birth.
This stanza describes the majestic and powerful arrival of Agni, the fire god, before the dawn breaks. He emerges from darkness, illuminated by his own radiant light, filling all human dwellings with his presence and brilliance.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. अগ্রে बृ॒हन् उ॒षसा॑म् ऊ॒र्ध्वो अस्थान् ágre br̥hán uṣásām ūrdhváḥ asthāt (11 syllables)
- B. निर्जग॒न्वान् तम॑सो ज्योति॒षा आ आगा॑त् nirjaganvā́n támasaḥ jyótiṣā ā́ agāt (11 syllables)
- C. अ॒ग्निर् भा॒नुना रुश॑ता स्वङ्गः agníḥ bhānúnā rúśatā sváṅgaḥ (11 syllables)
- D. आ जा॒तः विश्वा स॒द्मानि अ॒प्राः ā́ jātáḥ víśvā sádmāni aprāḥ (10 syllables)
अগ্রে (ágre)
at first, in front
बृ॒हन् (br̥hán)
great, mighty
उ॒षसा॑म् (uṣásām)
of the dawns
ऊ॒र्ध्वो (ūrdhváḥ)
upright, tall
अस्थान् (asthāt)
he stood
निर्जग॒न्वान् (nirjaganvā́n)
having come forth
तम॑सो (támasaḥ)
from the darkness
ज्योति॒षा (jyótiṣā)
with light
आ (ā́)
up, forth
आगा॑त् (agāt)
he came
अ॒ग्निर् (agníḥ)
Agni (fire god)
भा॒नुना (bhānúnā)
with radiance
रुश॑ता (rúśatā)
shining, bright
स्वङ्गः (sváṅgaḥ)
well-formed, beautiful
आ (ā́)
up, forth
जा॒तः (jātáḥ)
born
विश्वा (víśvā)
all
स॒द्मानि (sádmāni)
dwellings, homes
अ॒प्राः (aprāḥ)
he filled
Stanza 10.1.2
स जा॒तो गर्भो॑ असि॒ रोद॑स्यो॒रग्ने॒ चारु॒र्विभृ॑त॒ ओष॑धीषु | चि॒त्रः शिशुः॒ परि॒ तमां॑स्य॒क्तून्प्र मा॒तृभ्यो॒ अधि॒ कनि॑क्रदद्गाः ||
sá jātó gárbho asi ródasyor ágne cā́rur víbhr̥ta óṣadhīṣu citráḥ śíśuḥ pári támāṁsy aktū́n prá mātŕ̥bhyo ádhi kánikradat gāḥ
You, O Agni, born as the child of the sky and earth, are beautiful, spread among the plants. You are a wondrous infant, and have overcome the darkness of night, roaring loudly from your mothers.
Addressed to Agni, this stanza declares him the offspring of the sky and earth, beautiful and dispersed among plants. He is described as a vibrant child who dispels the night's darkness and powerfully emerges from his 'mothers'.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. स जा॒तः गर्भः असि रोद॑स्योः sá jātáḥ gárbhaḥ asi ródasyoḥ (11 syllables)
- B. अ॒ग्ने चारुः विभृ॑तः ओष॑धीषु ágne cā́ruḥ víbhr̥taḥ óṣadhīṣu (11 syllables)
- C. चि॒त्रः शिशुः परि तमां॑स्य अ॒क्तून् citráḥ śíśuḥ pári támāṃsi aktū́n (11 syllables)
- D. प्र मातृभ्यो अधि कनि॑क्रदद् गाः prá mātŕ̥bhyaḥ ádhi kánikradat gāḥ (11 syllables)
स (sá)
he, you
जा॒तः (jātáḥ)
born
गर्भः (gárbhaḥ)
embryo, child
असि (asi)
you are
रोद॑स्योः (ródasyoḥ)
of the sky and earth
अ॒ग्ने (ágne)
O Agni
चारुः (cā́ruḥ)
beautiful, lovely
विभृ॑तः (víbhr̥taḥ)
spread out, distributed
ओष॑धीषु (óṣadhīṣu)
among the plants
चि॒त्रः (citráḥ)
wondrous, bright
शिशुः (śíśuḥ)
infant, child
परि (pári)
around
तमां॑स्य (támāṃsi)
darknesses
अ॒क्तून् (aktū́n)
nights
प्र (prá)
forth
मातृभ्यो (mātŕ̥bhyaḥ)
from the mothers
अधि (ádhi)
upon, from
कनि॑क्रदद् (kánikradat)
roaring loudly
गाः (gāḥ)
you came
Stanza 10.1.3
विष्णु॑रि॒त्था प॑र॒मम॑स्य वि॒द्वाञ्जा॒तो बृ॒हन्न॒भि पा॑ति तृ॒तीय॑म् | आ॒सा यद॑स्य॒ पयो॒ अक्र॑त॒ स्वं सचे॑तसो अ॒भ्य॑र्च॒न्त्यत्र॑ ||
víṣṇur itthā́ paramám asya vidvā́ñ jātó br̥hánn abhí pāti tr̥tī́yam āsā́ yád asya páyo ákrata sváṁ sácetaso abhy àrcanty átra
Vishnu, wise and born, protects his supreme highest place. When they offered his own milk in his mouth, with minds united, they praised him.
This verse speaks of Vishnu, who, knowing his supreme abode, protects it. When a libation (milk) is offered to him, beings with united minds praise him.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. विष्णुः इत्था परमम स्य वि॒द्वाञ् víṣṇuḥ itthā́ paramám asya vidvā́n (11 syllables)
- B. जा॒तः बृ॒हन् अभि पाति तृ॒तीयम jātáḥ br̥hán abhí pāti tr̥tī́yam (11 syllables)
- C. आ॒सा यद स्य पयो अक्र॑त स्वं āsā́ yát asya páyaḥ ákrata svám (11 syllables)
- D. सचे॑तसो अभि अर्च॒न्त्यत्र अत्र sácetasaḥ abhí arcanti átra (11 syllables)
विष्णुः (víṣṇuḥ)
Vishnu
इत्था (itthā́)
thus, in this way
परमम (paramám)
supreme, highest
स्य (asya)
his
वि॒द्वाञ् (vidvā́n)
knowing
जा॒तः (jātáḥ)
born, manifested
बृ॒हन् (br̥hán)
great, mighty
अभि (abhí)
towards
पाति (pāti)
he protects
तृ॒तीयम (tr̥tī́yam)
third
आ॒सा (āsā́)
with the mouth
यद (yát)
what
स्य (asya)
his
पयो (páyaḥ)
milk, fluid
अक्र॑त (ákrata)
they made, offered
स्वं (svám)
own
सचे॑तसो (sácetasaḥ)
with united minds
अभि (abhí)
towards
अर्च॒न्त्यत्र (arcanti)
they praise
अत्र (átra)
here
Stanza 10.1.4
अत॑ उ त्वा पितु॒भृतो॒ जनि॑त्रीरन्ना॒वृधं॒ प्रति॑ चर॒न्त्यन्नैः॑ | ता ईं॒ प्रत्ये॑षि॒ पुन॑र॒न्यरू॑पा॒ असि॒ त्वं वि॒क्षु मानु॑षीषु॒ होता॑ ||
áta u tvā pitubhŕ̥to jánitrīr annāvŕ̥dham práti caranty ánnaiḥ tā́ īm práty eṣi púnar anyárūpā ási tváṁ vikṣú mā́nuṣīṣu hótā
From there, carrying food, the mothers approach you, strengthening you with food. You meet them again in different forms. You are the invoking priest among human communities.
This stanza addresses Agni, stating that his 'mothers' bring him food for nourishment. He is then described as encountering them again in altered forms, and he is identified as the 'invoking priest' among human communities.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. अत उ त्वा पितु॒भृतो जनि॑त्रीर átas u tvā pitubhŕ̥taḥ jánitrīḥ (11 syllables)
- B. अन्ना॒वृधं प्रत्ये चर॒न्त्यन्नैः अन्नैः annāvŕ̥dham práti caranti ánnaiḥ (11 syllables)
- C. ता ईं प्रत्ये एषि पुन॑र अन्यरू॑पा tā́ḥ īm práti eṣi púnar anyárūpāḥ (11 syllables)
- D. असि त्वं वि॒क्षु मानु॑षीषु होता ási tvám vikṣú mā́nuṣīṣu hótā (11 syllables)
अत (átas)
from there
उ (u)
and, indeed
त्वा (tvā)
you
पितु॒भृतो (pitubhŕ̥taḥ)
carrying food
जनि॑त्रीर (jánitrīḥ)
mothers
अन्ना॒वृधं (annāvŕ̥dham)
strengthening with food
प्रत्ये (práti)
towards
चर॒न्त्यन्नैः (caranti)
they move, approach
अन्नैः (ánnaiḥ)
with food
ता (tā́ḥ)
them
ईं (īm)
them
प्रत्ये (práti)
towards
एषि (eṣi)
you go, meet
पुन॑र (púnar)
again
अन्यरू॑पा (anyárūpāḥ)
of different forms
असि (ási)
you are
त्वं (tvám)
you
वि॒क्षु (vikṣú)
among the communities, people
मानु॑षीषु (mā́nuṣīṣu)
among human beings
होता (hótā)
invoking priest
Stanza 10.1.5
होता॑रं चि॒त्रर॑थमध्व॒रस्य॑ य॒ज्ञस्य॑यज्ञस्य के॒तुं रुश॑न्तम् | प्रत्य॑र्धिं दे॒वस्य॑देवस्य म॒ह्ना श्रि॒या त्व१॒॑ग्निमति॑थिं॒ जना॑नाम् ||
hótāraṁ citráratham adhvarásya yajñásya-yajñasya ketúṁ rúśantam prátyardhiṁ devásya-devasya mahnā́ śriyā́ tv àgním átithiṁ jánānām
We invoke the invoking priest of the sacrifice, Agni, with a shining chariot, the bright banner. He shares in the greatness and glory of each god, the guest of the people.
The stanza invokes Agni as the 'invoking priest' of the sacrifice, characterized by a brilliant chariot and acting as a banner of worship. He is described as sharing in each god's greatness and glory, and is addressed as the guest of all people.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. होता॑रं चि॒त्रर॑थम अध्व॒रस्य hótāram citráratham adhvarásya (11 syllables)
- B. य॒ज्ञस्य॑यज्ञस्य के॒तुं रुश॑न्तम् yajñásya-yajñasya ketúm rúśantam (11 syllables)
- C. प्रत्य॑र्धिं देवस्य॑देवस्य म॒ह्ना prátyardhim devásya-devasya mahnā́ (11 syllables)
- D. श्रि॒या त्व अ॒ग्निं अ॒तिथिं जना॑नाम् śriyā́ tú agním átithim jánānām (11 syllables)
होता॑रं (hótāram)
invoking priest
चि॒त्रर॑थम (citráratham)
with a shining chariot
अध्व॒रस्य (adhvarásya)
of the sacrifice
य॒ज्ञस्य॑यज्ञस्य (yajñásya-yajñasya)
of every sacrifice
के॒तुं (ketúm)
banner, standard
रुश॑न्तम् (rúśantam)
shining, bright
प्रत्य॑र्धिं (prátyardhim)
sharing, bestowing
देवस्य॑देवस्य (devásya-devasya)
of every god
म॒ह्ना (mahnā́)
by greatness
श्रि॒या (śriyā́)
by glory
त्व (tú)
and, indeed
अ॒ग्निं (agním)
Agni
अ॒तिथिं (átithim)
guest
जना॑नाम् (jánānām)
of the people, men
Stanza 10.1.6
स तु वस्त्रा॒ण्यध॒ पेश॑नानि॒ वसा॑नो अ॒ग्निर्नाभा॑ पृथि॒व्याः | अ॒रु॒षो जा॒तः प॒द इळा॑याः पु॒रोहि॑तो राजन्यक्षी॒ह दे॒वान् ||
sá tú vástrāṇy ádha péśanāni vásāno agnír nā́bhā pr̥thivyā́ḥ aruṣó jātáḥ padá íḷāyāḥ puróhito rājan yakṣīhá devā́n
Agni, wearing beautiful garments, stands at the navel of the earth. Born red, a priest, at the place of libation, O King, may you bring the gods here.
Agni is described as standing at the 'navel' of the earth, adorned in beautiful garments. Born with a red hue, he is the 'puróhita' (priest or officiant), positioned at the place of libation, and is called upon to bring the gods here.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. स तु वस्त्रा अध पेश॑नानि sá tú vástrāṇi ádha péśanāni (11 syllables)
- B. वसा॑नो अ॒ग्निर् नाभा पृथि॒व्याः vásānaḥ agníḥ nā́bhā pr̥thivyā́ḥ (10 syllables)
- C. अ॒रु॒षो जा॒तः प॒द इळा॑याः aruṣáḥ jātáḥ padé íḷāyāḥ (10 syllables)
- D. पु॒रोहि॑तः राजन यक्षी इ॒ह दे॒वान् puróhitaḥ rājan yakṣi ihá devā́n (11 syllables)
स (sá)
he
तु (tú)
and, indeed
वस्त्रा (vástrāṇi)
garments
अध (ádha)
then, indeed
पेश॑नानि (péśanāni)
ornamental, beautiful
वसा॑नो (vásānaḥ)
wearing
अ॒ग्निर् (agníḥ)
Agni
नाभा (nā́bhā)
at the navel, center
पृथि॒व्याः (pr̥thivyā́ḥ)
of the earth
अ॒रु॒षो (aruṣáḥ)
red
जा॒तः (jātáḥ)
born
प॒द (padé)
at the place, foot
इळा॑याः (íḷāyāḥ)
of libation, offering
पु॒रोहि॑तः (puróhitaḥ)
officiant, priest
राजन (rājan)
O King
यक्षी (yakṣi)
may you bring, offer sacrifice
इ॒ह (ihá)
here
दे॒वान् (devā́n)
the gods
Stanza 10.1.7
आ हि द्यावा॑पृथि॒वी अ॑ग्न उ॒भे सदा॑ पु॒त्रो न मा॒तरा॑ त॒तन्थ॑ | प्र या॒ह्यच्छो॑श॒तो य॑वि॒ष्ठाथा व॑ह सहस्ये॒ह दे॒वान् ||
ā́ hí dyā́vāpr̥thivī́ agna ubhé sádā putró ná mātárā tatántha prá yāhy áchośató yaviṣṭhā́thā́ vaha sahasyehá devā́n
O Agni, you, like a son, have spread over the sky and earth. Come, O youngest one! Come to those who desire you. O mighty one, bring the gods here.
This stanza calls out to Agni, the son of the sky and earth, who has spread himself over both. Agni is urged to come, addressed as the 'youngest' and 'mighty victor', to bring the gods here.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. आ हि द्यावा॑पृथि॒वी अ॒ग्न उ॒भे ā́ hí dyā́vāpr̥thivī́ agne ubhé (11 syllables)
- B. सदा पु॒त्रो न मा॒तरा त॒तन्थ sádā putráḥ ná mātárā tatántha (11 syllables)
- C. प्र या॒हि अच्छो श॒तो यवि॒ष्ठा prá yāhi ácha uśatáḥ yaviṣṭha (11 syllables)
- D. अथा आ व॒ह सहस्ये इ॒ह दे॒वान् átha ā́ vaha sahasya ihá devā́n (11 syllables)
आ (ā́)
hither
हि (hí)
indeed
द्यावा॑पृथि॒वी (dyā́vāpr̥thivī́)
sky and earth
अ॒ग्न (agne)
O Agni
उ॒भे (ubhé)
both
सदा (sádā)
always
पु॒त्रो (putráḥ)
son
न (ná)
like
मा॒तरा (mātárā)
the two mothers
त॒तन्थ (tatántha)
you spread
प्र (prá)
forth
या॒हि (yāhi)
come
अच्छो (ácha)
towards
श॒तो (uśatáḥ)
desiring, longing
यवि॒ष्ठा (yaviṣṭha)
youngest
अथा (átha)
then
आ (ā́)
hither
व॒ह (vaha)
bring
सहस्ये (sahasya)
O mighty one
इ॒ह (ihá)
here
दे॒वान् (devā́n)
the gods