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Stanza 10.132.1
ई॒जा॒नमिद्द्यौर्गू॒र्ताव॑सुरीजा॒नं भूमि॑र॒भि प्र॑भू॒षणि॑ | ई॒जा॒नं दे॒वाव॒श्विना॑व॒भि सु॒म्नैर॑वर्धताम् ||
ījānám íd dyaúr gūrtā́vasur ījānám bhū́mir abhí prabhūṣáṇi ījānáṁ devā́v aśvínāv abhí sumnaír avardhatām
May the sky god, rich in glory, and the earth powerfully protect the sacrificer! May the divine twins, the Ashvins, enhance him with blessings.
This verse invokes divine support for a person performing a sacrifice. It states that the sky god (Dyaus) and the earth goddess (Bhumi), along with the divine twins Ashvins, will protect and bless the worshipper who is offering oblations, indicating that celestial and terrestrial powers favor those engaged in righteous ritual.
Meter:
- A. ईजा́नं इत् द्यौः गूर्ताव॑सुः ījānám ít dyaúḥ gūrtā́vasuḥ (10 syllables)
- B. ईजा́नं भूमिः अभि प्रभूषणि ījānám bhū́miḥ abhí prabhūṣáṇi (11 syllables)
- C. ईजा́नं देवौ अश्विना॑ ījānám devaú aśvínau (8 syllables)
- D. अभि सुम्नैः अव॑र्धताम् abhí sumnaíḥ avardhatām (8 syllables)
ईजा́नं (ījānám)
sacrificing
इत् (ít)
indeed
द्यौः (dyaúḥ)
sky god
गूर्ताव॑सुः (gūrtā́vasuḥ)
rich in glory
ईजा́नं (ījānám)
sacrificing
भूमिः (bhū́miḥ)
earth
अभि (abhí)
towards
प्रभूषणि (prabhūṣáṇi)
to adorn, to protect
ईजा́नं (ījānám)
sacrificing
देवौ (devaú)
divine
अश्विना॑ (aśvínau)
Ashvins (divine twins)
अभि (abhí)
towards
सुम्नैः (sumnaíḥ)
with bliss
अव॑र्धताम् (avardhatām)
they strengthened
Stanza 10.132.2
ता वां॑ मित्रावरुणा धार॒यत्क्षि॑ती सुषु॒म्नेषि॑त॒त्वता॑ यजामसि | यु॒वोः क्रा॒णाय॑ स॒ख्यैर॒भि ष्या॑म र॒क्षसः॑ ||
tā́ vām mitrāvaruṇā dhārayátkṣitī suṣumnéṣitatvátā yajāmasi yuvóḥ krāṇā́ya sakhyaír abhí ṣyāma rakṣásaḥ
We worship you two, Mitra and Varuṇa, the sustainers of peoples, with joyful devotion. May we, through your friendship, overcome our foes.
This verse addresses the deities Mitra and Varuṇa, acknowledging their role in sustaining people. The speaker expresses a desire to worship them with sincere effort, seeking their favor to overcome enemies or obstacles, implying a reciprocal relationship where devotion leads to protection and victory.
Meter:
- A. ता वां मित्रावरुणा धार॒ यत्क्षि॑ती tā́ vām mitrāvaruṇā dhārayátkṣitī (12 syllables)
- B. सुषुम्ना ईषिता॑वता यजामसि suṣumnā́ iṣitatvátā yajāmasi (12 syllables)
- C. युवोः क्रा॒णाय॑ सख्यैः yuvóḥ krāṇā́ya sakhyaíḥ (8 syllables)
- D. अभि ष्या॑म रक्षसः abhí syāma rakṣásaḥ (8 syllables)
ता (tā́)
those two
वां (vām)
you two
मित्रावरुणा (mitrāvaruṇā)
Mitra and Varuṇa
धार॒ यत्क्षि॑ती (dhārayátkṣitī)
sustaining peoples
सुषुम्ना (suṣumnā́)
joyful
ईषिता॑वता (iṣitatvátā)
with devoted effort
यजामसि (yajāmasi)
we worship
युवोः (yuvóḥ)
your
क्रा॒णाय॑ (krāṇā́ya)
desiring
सख्यैः (sakhyaíḥ)
through friendship
अभि (abhí)
towards
ष्या॑म (syāma)
may we become
रक्षसः (rakṣásaḥ)
demons, enemies
Stanza 10.132.3
अधा॑ चि॒न्नु यद्दिधि॑षामहे वाम॒भि प्रि॒यं रेक्णः॒ पत्य॑मानाः | द॒द्वाँ वा॒ यत्पुष्य॑ति॒ रेक्णः॒ सम्वा॑र॒न्नकि॑रस्य म॒घानि॑ ||
ádhā cin nú yád dídhiṣāmahe vām abhí priyáṁ rékṇaḥ pátyamānāḥ dadvā́m̐ vā yát púṣyati rékṇaḥ sám v āran nákir asya maghā́ni
Indeed, when we seek your precious favor, possessing wealth, or when the giver's wealth grows, may you not withhold his riches.
This verse speaks of actively seeking the favor and precious gifts of Mitra and Varuṇa. It suggests that when one desires their love and wealth, or when a worshipper's riches increase, these deities ensure that the prosperity is not lost or withheld, implying their role in safeguarding and bestowing blessings.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. अधा चि नु यत् दिधिषामहे वाम ádha + cit nú yát dídhiṣāmahe vām (11 syllables)
- B. अभि प्रियं रेक्णः पत्य॑मानाः abhí priyám rékṇaḥ pátyamānāḥ (11 syllables)
- C. दद्वाँ वा यत् पुष्य॑ति रेक्णः dadvā́n vā yát púṣyati rékṇaḥ (9 syllables)
- D. सम् उ आरन् नकिः अस्य मघानि sám u āran nákiḥ asya maghā́ni (11 syllables)
अधा (ádha +)
and then
चि (cit)
indeed
नु (nú)
now
यत् (yát)
when
दिधिषामहे (dídhiṣāmahe)
we desire to possess
वाम (vām)
your
अभि (abhí)
towards
प्रियं (priyám)
beloved, precious
रेक्णः (rékṇaḥ)
wealth, gift
पत्य॑मानाः (pátyamānāḥ)
possessing
दद्वाँ (dadvā́n)
giver
वा (vā)
or
यत् (yát)
when
पुष्य॑ति (púṣyati)
grows, prospers
रेक्णः (rékṇaḥ)
wealth, gift
सम् (sám)
together
उ (u)
and
आरन् (āran)
they surround
नकिः (nákiḥ)
not
अस्य (asya)
his
मघानि (maghā́ni)
riches, treasures
Stanza 10.132.4
अ॒साव॒न्यो अ॑सुर सूयत॒ द्यौस्त्वं विश्वे॑षां वरुणासि॒ राजा॑ | मू॒र्धा रथ॑स्य चाक॒न्नैताव॒तैन॑सान्तक॒ध्रुक् ||
asā́v anyó asura sūyata dyaús tváṁ víśveṣāṁ varuṇāsi rā́jā mūrdhā́ ráthasya cākan naítā́vataínasāntakadhrúk
Another (being) was born of the sky, O Asura! You, O Varuṇa, are the king of all. The master of the chariot was pleased; not by such great sin (is he overcome).
This verse addresses Varuṇa as the king of all, including the celestial (Dyaus) and divine beings (Asura). It suggests that Varuṇa has the power to govern all, and that the 'head of the chariot' (a metaphor for leadership or control) is pleased. It also implies that Varuṇa's immense power and wisdom (not exceeding it with such great sin) ensure order and that he is not associated with destructive forces.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. असाव अन्यः असुर सूयते द्यौः asaú anyáḥ asura sūyata dyaúḥ (11 syllables)
- B. त्वं विश्वे॑षां वरुण असि राजा tvám víśveṣām varuṇa asi rā́jā (11 syllables)
- C. मूर्धा रथस्य चाकन् mūrdhā́ ráthasya cākan (7 syllables)
- D. नै एताव॑तैन एन॑सा अन्तकध्रुक् ná etā́vatā énasā antakadhrúk (11 syllables)
असाव (asaú)
that
अन्यः (anyáḥ)
another
असुर (asura)
O Asura (a divine being)
सूयते (sūyata)
was born
द्यौः (dyaúḥ)
sky
त्वं (tvám)
you
विश्वे॑षां (víśveṣām)
of all
वरुण (varuṇa)
O Varuṇa
असि (asi)
you are
राजा (rā́jā)
king
मूर्धा (mūrdhā́)
head, chief
रथस्य (ráthasya)
of the chariot
चाकन् (cākan)
was pleased
नै (ná)
not
एताव॑तैन (etā́vatā)
by so much
एन॑सा (énasā)
sin
अन्तकध्रुक् (antakadhrúk)
destroyer of death (or evil)
Stanza 10.132.5
अ॒स्मिन्त्स्वे॒३॒॑तच्छक॑पूत॒ एनो॑ हि॒ते मि॒त्रे निग॑तान्हन्ति वी॒रान् | अ॒वोर्वा॒ यद्धात्त॒नूष्ववः॑ प्रि॒यासु॑ य॒ज्ञिया॒स्वर्वा॑ ||
asmín sv ètác chákapūta éno hité mitré nígatān hanti vīrā́n avór vā yád dhā́t tanū́ṣv ávaḥ priyā́su yajñíyāsv árvā
This sin, O Śakapūta, has been committed here. He kills heroes who have fled into a protected place. When (Varuṇa) brings his favor upon beloved, worshippable beings, may he not cause destruction.
This verse directly accuses Śakapūta of committing a sin, possibly related to the preservation or protection of individuals ('heroes') within a friendly or divinely protected space. The sin is described as being committed in this very place or context. It further suggests that Varuṇa, or a similar divine entity, might cause the demise of heroes who have sought refuge, possibly implying a judgment or consequence for actions within a protected realm.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. अस्मिन् स्वे एतच्छ क॑पूत एनो asmín sú etát śákapūte énaḥ (11 syllables)
- B. हिते मि॒त्रे निग॑तान् हन्ति वी॒रान् hité mitré nígatān hanti vīrā́n (11 syllables)
- C. अव॑ वा यत् धात्त तणूष्ववः avóḥ vā yát dhā́t tanū́ṣu (8 syllables)
- D. प्रि॒यासु॑ यज्ञिया॒स्वर्वा यज्ञिया॒ र्वा ávaḥ priyā́su yajñíyāsu árvā (11 syllables)
अस्मिन् (asmín)
in this
स्वे (sú)
well
एतच्छ (etát)
this
क॑पूत (śákapūte)
O Śakapūta
एनो (énaḥ)
sin
हिते (hité)
placed, established
मि॒त्रे (mitré)
in friendship, protection
निग॑तान् (nígatān)
gone into, fled into
हन्ति (hanti)
he kills
वी॒रान् (vīrā́n)
heroes
अव॑ (avóḥ)
of those two
वा (vā)
or
यत् (yát)
when
धात्त (dhā́t)
he places, bestows
तणूष्ववः (tanū́ṣu)
in bodies
प्रि॒यासु॑ (ávaḥ)
favor, protection
यज्ञिया॒स्वर्वा (priyā́su)
beloved
यज्ञिया॒ (yajñíyāsu)
worshipful
र्वा (árvā)
steed, horse
Stanza 10.132.6
यु॒वोर्हि मा॒तादि॑तिर्विचेतसा॒ द्यौर्न भूमिः॒ पय॑सा पुपू॒तनि॑ | अव॑ प्रि॒या दि॑दिष्टन॒ सूरो॑ निनिक्त र॒श्मिभिः॑ ||
yuvór hí mātā́ditir vicetasā dyaúr ná bhū́miḥ páyasā pupūtáni áva priyā́ didiṣṭana sū́ro ninikta raśmíbhiḥ
For your mother Aditi, O wise ones, was purified with milk, like earth from heaven. Grant us favor, O beloved ones; cleanse (us) with rays like the sun.
This verse speaks of the divine mother Aditi being purified, paralleling the purification of the earth from the sky, using milk-like substance. It addresses the divine twins (Mitra and Varuṇa, implied from previous verses) as wise beings, asking them to favor or protect the beloved and sacred things (priyāni, yajñiyāni) with their radiance, like the sun cleanses with its rays.
Meter:
- A. युवोः हि मा॒ता आदि॑तिः विचेतसा yuvóḥ hí mātā́ áditiḥ vicetasā (12 syllables)
- B. द्यौः न भूमिः पय॑सा पुपू॒तनि dyaúḥ ná bhū́miḥ páyasā pupūtáni (12 syllables)
- C. अव प्रि॒या दिदि॑ष्टन áva priyā́ didiṣṭana (8 syllables)
- D. सूरो निनिक्त रश्मिभिः sū́raḥ ninikta raśmíbhiḥ (8 syllables)
युवोः (yuvóḥ)
your
हि (hí)
for
मा॒ता (mātā́)
mother
आदि॑तिः (áditiḥ)
Aditi (mother goddess)
विचेतसा (vicetasā)
O wise ones
द्यौः (dyaúḥ)
sky
न (ná)
like
भूमिः (bhū́miḥ)
earth
पय॑सा (páyasā)
with milk/water
पुपू॒तनि (pupūtáni)
to purify
अव (áva)
down
प्रि॒या (priyā́)
beloved
दिदि॑ष्टन (didiṣṭana)
grant, show
सूरो (sū́raḥ)
sun
निनिक्त (ninikta)
cleanse, wash
रश्मिभिः (raśmíbhiḥ)
with rays
Stanza 10.132.7
यु॒वं ह्य॑प्न॒राजा॒वसी॑दतं॒ तिष्ठ॒द्रथं॒ न धू॒र्षदं॑ वन॒र्षद॑म् | ता नः॑ कणूक॒यन्ती॑र्नृ॒मेध॑स्तत्रे॒ अंह॑सः सु॒मेध॑स्तत्रे॒ अंह॑सः ||
yuváṁ hy àpnarā́jāv ásīdataṁ tíṣṭhad ráthaṁ ná dhūrṣádaṁ vanarṣádam tā́ naḥ kaṇūkayántīr nr̥médhas tatre áṁhasaḥ sumédhas tatre áṁhasaḥ
You two, lords of wealth, have settled yourselves like a chariot in position, or like its pole. Protect us from distress, you who preserve heroes, like Nr̥imedhas preserved (us), like Sumedhas preserved (us) from sin.
This verse describes the divine twins (Mitra and Varuṇa) as lords of wealth who have settled into position, likened to a chariot ready to move or a pole supporting it. It then calls upon them to protect the people ('our tribes') from distress and sin, highlighting the protective and saving power of these deities, especially when invoked by wise individuals like Nr̥imedhas and Sumedhas.
Meter: Pankti
- A. युवं हि अप्न॒राजाव॑सी ईदतं yuvám hí apnarā́jau ásīdatam (12 syllables)
- B. तिष्ठ॒द्रथं न धूर्षदं वन॒र्षद॑म् ता tíṣṭhat rátham ná dhūrṣádam vanarṣádam (12 syllables)
- C. नः कणूक॒यन्ती नृमेधस्तत्रे tā́ḥ naḥ kaṇūkayántīḥ (7 syllables)
- D. अंहसः अंहसः अंहसः nr̥médhaḥ tatre áṃhasaḥ (8 syllables)
- E. अंहसः अंहसः अंहसः sumédhaḥ tatre áṃhasaḥ (8 syllables)
युवं (yuvám)
you two
हि (hí)
indeed
अप्न॒राजाव॑सी (apnarā́jau)
lords of wealth
ईदतं (ásīdatam)
you two sat down, settled
तिष्ठ॒द्रथं (tíṣṭhat)
standing
न (rátham)
chariot
धूर्षदं (ná)
like
वन॒र्षद॑म् (dhūrṣádam)
resting on the pole
ता (vanarṣádam)
resting on the wood
नः (tā́ḥ)
those
कणूक॒यन्ती (naḥ)
us
नृमेधस्तत्रे (kaṇūkayántīḥ)
afflicting, troubling
अंहसः (nr̥médhaḥ)
Nr̥imedhas (a sage)
अंहसः (tatre)
he protected
अंहसः (áṃhasaḥ)
from distress, sin
अंहसः (sumédhaḥ)
Sumedhas (a sage)
अंहसः (tatre)
he protected
अंहसः (áṃhasaḥ)
from distress, sin