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Stanza 1.96.1
स प्र॒त्नथा॒ सह॑सा॒ जाय॑मानः स॒द्यः काव्या॑नि॒ बळ॑धत्त॒ विश्वा॑ | आप॑श्च मि॒त्रं धि॒षणा॑ च साधन्दे॒वा अ॒ग्निं धा॑रयन्द्रविणो॒दाम् ||
sá pratnáthā sáhasā jā́yamānaḥ sadyáḥ kā́vyāni báḷ adhatta víśvā ā́paś ca mitráṁ dhiṣáṇā ca sādhan devā́ agníṁ dhārayan draviṇodā́m
Born with inherent strength, he immediately embraced all wisdom. The waters and the divine vessel helped him become our friend. The gods uphold Agni, the giver of riches.
This verse introduces Agni, the fire god, as a powerful being who, right from his birth, instantly grasps all knowledge and wisdom. He's supported by natural forces like water and a divine 'bowl' (perhaps representing nourishment or ritual), and importantly, by the gods themselves who recognize him as a bestower of wealth.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. स प्रत्नथा सहसा जायमानः sá pratnáthā sáhasā jā́yamānaḥ (11 syllables)
- B. सद्यः काव्यानि बळ अधत्त विश्वा sadyás kā́vyāni báṭ adhatta víśvā (11 syllables)
- C. आपः च मित्रं धिषणा च साधन् ā́paḥ ca mitrám dhiṣáṇā ca sādhan (11 syllables)
- D. देवाः अग्निं धारयन् द्रविणोदाम् devā́ḥ agním dhārayan draviṇodā́m (11 syllables)
स (sá)
he
प्रत्नथा (pratnáthā)
in the ancient way
सहसा (sáhasā)
by strength
जायमानः (jā́yamānaḥ)
being born
सद्यः (sadyás)
immediately
काव्यानि (kā́vyāni)
wisdoms
बळ (báṭ)
indeed
अधत्त (adhatta)
took up
विश्वा (víśvā)
all
आपः (ā́paḥ)
waters
च (ca)
and
मित्रं (mitrám)
friend
धिषणा (dhiṣáṇā)
divine bowl/nourishment
च (ca)
and
साधन् (sādhan)
making effective
देवाः (devā́ḥ)
gods
अग्निं (agním)
Agni
धारयन् (dhārayan)
upholding
द्रविणोदाम् (draviṇodā́m)
giver of riches
Stanza 1.96.2
स पूर्व॑या नि॒विदा॑ क॒व्यता॒योरि॒माः प्र॒जा अ॑जनय॒न्मनू॑नाम् | वि॒वस्व॑ता॒ चक्ष॑सा॒ द्याम॒पश्च॑ दे॒वा अ॒ग्निं धा॑रयन्द्रविणो॒दाम् ||
sá pū́rvayā nivídā kavyátāyór imā́ḥ prajā́ ajanayan mánūnām vivásvatā cákṣasā dyā́m apáś ca devā́ agníṁ dhārayan draviṇodā́m
Through ancient wisdom and sacred words, he fathered these human beings. With his radiant gaze, he created the sky and the waters. The gods support Agni, the giver of wealth.
This verse continues to praise Agni, highlighting his role in creation and sustenance. It states that Agni, through ancient sacred utterances and wisdom, fathered humanity. He also brought forth the sky and the waters, showing his power over cosmic elements, and the gods continue to support him as the source of wealth.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. स पूर्वया निविदा कव्यता आयोः sá pū́rvayā nivídā kavyátā āyóḥ (11 syllables)
- B. इमाः प्रजाः अजनयत् मनूनाम् imā́ḥ prajā́ḥ ajanayat mánūnām (11 syllables)
- C. विवस्वता चक्षसा द्यां अपश्च च vivásvatā cákṣasā dyā́m apáḥ ca (11 syllables)
- D. देवाः अग्निं धारयन् द्रविणोदाम् devā́ḥ agním dhārayan draviṇodā́m (11 syllables)
स (sá)
he
पूर्वया (pū́rvayā)
ancient
निविदा (nivídā)
sacred utterance
कव्यता (kavyátā)
wisdom
आयोः (āyóḥ)
of Ayus (a sage)
इमाः (imā́ḥ)
these
प्रजाः (prajā́ḥ)
creations/offspring
अजनयत् (ajanayat)
begot/created
मनूनाम् (mánūnām)
of Manu (mankind)
विवस्वता (vivásvatā)
radiant
चक्षसा (cákṣasā)
with gaze/sight
द्यां (dyā́m)
sky
अपश्च (apáḥ)
waters
च (ca)
and
देवाः (devā́ḥ)
gods
अग्निं (agním)
Agni
धारयन् (dhārayan)
upholding
द्रविणोदाम् (draviṇodā́m)
giver of riches
Stanza 1.96.3
तमी॑ळत प्रथ॒मं य॑ज्ञ॒साधं॒ विश॒ आरी॒राहु॑तमृञ्जसा॒नम् | ऊ॒र्जः पु॒त्रं भ॑र॒तं सृ॒प्रदा॑नुं दे॒वा अ॒ग्निं धा॑रयन्द्रविणो॒दाम् ||
tám īḷata prathamáṁ yajñasā́dhaṁ víśa ā́rīr ā́hutam r̥ñjasānám ūrjáḥ putrám bharatáṁ sr̥prádānuṁ devā́ agníṁ dhārayan draviṇodā́m
Let us praise him, the prime facilitator of sacrifices, who is worshipped and constantly works. He is the son of strength, the supporter of the Bharatas, the bestower of great gifts. The gods uphold Agni, the giver of wealth.
The Aryan people are urged to praise Agni, recognizing him as the foremost performer of sacrifices who is always working and receptive to offerings. He's called the 'son of strength' and a supporter of the Bharata people, embodying qualities that make him the divine bestower of abundance.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. तमी ईळत प्रथमं यज्ञसाधं tám īḷata prathamám yajñasā́dham (11 syllables)
- B. विश आरीः आहुतमृञ्ज ञ्जसानम् víśaḥ ā́rīḥ ā́hutam r̥ñjasānám (11 syllables)
- C. ऊर्जः पुत्रं भरतं सृप्रदानुं ūrjáḥ putrám bharatám sr̥prádānum (11 syllables)
- D. देवाः अग्निं धारयन् द्रविणोदाम् devā́ḥ agním dhārayan draviṇodā́m (11 syllables)
तमी (tám)
him
ईळत (īḷata)
praise
प्रथमं (prathamám)
first
यज्ञसाधं (yajñasā́dham)
facilitator of sacrifice
विश (víśaḥ)
people/clans
आरीः (ā́rīḥ)
Aryan
आहुतमृञ्ज (ā́hutam)
worshipped/offered to
ञ्जसानम् (r̥ñjasānám)
working diligently
ऊर्जः (ūrjáḥ)
of strength
पुत्रं (putrám)
son
भरतं (bharatám)
supporter of Bharatas
सृप्रदानुं (sr̥prádānum)
bestower of abundant gifts
देवाः (devā́ḥ)
gods
अग्निं (agním)
Agni
धारयन् (dhārayan)
upholding
द्रविणोदाम् (draviṇodā́m)
giver of riches
Stanza 1.96.4
स मा॑त॒रिश्वा॑ पुरु॒वार॑पुष्टिर्वि॒दद्गा॒तुं तन॑याय स्व॒र्वित् | वि॒शां गो॒पा ज॑नि॒ता रोद॑स्योर्दे॒वा अ॒ग्निं धा॑रयन्द्रविणो॒दाम् ||
sá mātaríśvā puruvā́rapuṣṭir vidád gātúṁ tánayāya svarvít viśā́ṁ gopā́ janitā́ ródasyor devā́ agníṁ dhārayan draviṇodā́m
He, Mātariśvan, rich in blessings, has found the path for his descendants and discovered the light. He is the guardian of the people, the creator of earth and sky. The gods uphold Agni, the giver of wealth.
Agni, identified with Mātariśvan (a divine being associated with bringing fire), is depicted as someone who provides prosperity and has found the path for his offspring. He's the protector of people and the creator of the realms of earth and sky, continuing to be supported by the gods as the wealth-giver.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. स मातरिश्वा पुरुवारपुष्टिः sá mātaríśvā puruvā́rapuṣṭiḥ (11 syllables)
- B. विदद् गातुं तनयाय स्वर्वित् vidát gātúm tánayāya svarvít (11 syllables)
- C. विशां गोपा जनिता रोदस्योः viśā́m gopā́ḥ janitā́ ródasyoḥ (11 syllables)
- D. देवाः अग्निं धारयन् द्रविणोदाम् devā́ḥ agním dhārayan draviṇodā́m (11 syllables)
स (sá)
he
मातरिश्वा (mātaríśvā)
Mātariśvan (divine being)
पुरुवारपुष्टिः (puruvā́rapuṣṭiḥ)
rich in many blessings
विदद् (vidát)
found
गातुं (gātúm)
path/way
तनयाय (tánayāya)
for offspring
स्वर्वित् (svarvít)
light-finder
विशां (viśā́m)
of the people
गोपा (gopā́ḥ)
guardian/protector
जनिता (janitā́)
begetter/creator
रोदस्योः (ródasyoḥ)
of the two worlds (earth and sky)
देवाः (devā́ḥ)
gods
अग्निं (agním)
Agni
धारयन् (dhārayan)
upholding
द्रविणोदाम् (draviṇodā́m)
giver of riches
Stanza 1.96.5
नक्तो॒षासा॒ वर्ण॑मा॒मेम्या॑ने धा॒पये॑ते॒ शिशु॒मेकं॑ समी॒ची | द्यावा॒क्षामा॑ रु॒क्मो अ॒न्तर्वि भा॑ति दे॒वा अ॒ग्निं धा॑रयन्द्रविणो॒दाम् ||
náktoṣā́sā várṇam āmémyāne dhāpáyete śíśum ékaṁ samīcī́ dyā́vākṣā́mā rukmó antár ví bhāti devā́ agníṁ dhārayan draviṇodā́m
Night and Dawn, constantly changing their appearance, together nourish one single child. That golden one shines brilliantly between heaven and earth. The gods uphold Agni, the giver of wealth.
This verse uses a beautiful metaphor to describe Agni's dual nature, personified by Night and Dawn. They are seen as two beings who take turns, feeding a single 'infant' (Agni) who shines brightly between heaven and earth. This imagery highlights Agni's constant presence and radiant power.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. नक्तोषासा वर्णमा मेम्याने náktoṣā́sā várṇam āmémyāne (11 syllables)
- B. धापयेते शिशुमेकं एकं समीची dhāpáyete śíśum ékam samīcī́ (11 syllables)
- C. द्यावाक्षमा रुक्मो अन्तर् वि भाति dyā́vākṣā́mā rukmáḥ antár ví bhāti (11 syllables)
- D. देवाः अग्निं धारयन् द्रविणोदाम् devā́ḥ agním dhārayan draviṇodā́m (11 syllables)
नक्तोषासा (náktoṣā́sā)
Night and Dawn
वर्णमा (várṇam)
color/appearance
मेम्याने (āmémyāne)
alternating/changing
धापयेते (dhāpáyete)
nourish/cause to drink
शिशुमेकं (śíśum)
child/infant
एकं (ékam)
one
समीची (samīcī́)
united/together
द्यावाक्षमा (dyā́vākṣā́mā)
between heaven and earth
रुक्मो (rukmáḥ)
golden/shining
अन्तर् (antár)
within/between
वि (ví)
shiningly
भाति (bhāti)
shines
देवाः (devā́ḥ)
gods
अग्निं (agním)
Agni
धारयन् (dhārayan)
upholding
द्रविणोदाम् (draviṇodā́m)
giver of riches
Stanza 1.96.6
रा॒यो बु॒ध्नः सं॒गम॑नो॒ वसू॑नां य॒ज्ञस्य॑ के॒तुर्म॑न्म॒साध॑नो॒ वेः | अ॒मृ॒त॒त्वं रक्ष॑माणास एनं दे॒वा अ॒ग्निं धा॑रयन्द्रविणो॒दाम् ||
rāyó budhnáḥ saṁgámano vásūnāṁ yajñásya ketúr manmasā́dhano véḥ amr̥tatváṁ rákṣamāṇāsa enaṁ devā́ agníṁ dhārayan draviṇodā́m
He is the base of wealth, the assembler of treasures, the beacon of sacrifice, and the fulfiller of our thoughts. He is the bird. Guarding their immortality, the gods uphold Agni, the giver of wealth.
Agni is described as the foundation of wealth, a gathering place for all riches, the beacon of sacrifice, and the fulfiller of thoughts and wishes. He is also metaphorically called a 'bird'. The gods protect him to preserve their immortality, solidifying his role as the giver of wealth.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. रायः बुध्नः संगमनों वसूनां rāyáḥ budhnáḥ saṃgámanaḥ vásūnām (11 syllables)
- B. यज्ञस्य केतुर्म न्मसाधनः वेः yajñásya ketúḥ manmasā́dhanaḥ véḥ (11 syllables)
- C. अमृ tatvam रक्षमाणास एनं amr̥tatvám rákṣamāṇāsaḥ enam (11 syllables)
- D. देवाः अग्निं धारयन् द्रविणोदाम् devā́ḥ agním dhārayan draviṇodā́m (11 syllables)
रायः (rāyáḥ)
of wealth
बुध्नः (budhnáḥ)
base/foundation
संगमनों (saṃgámanaḥ)
gatherer/assembler
वसूनां (vásūnām)
of treasures/goods
यज्ञस्य (yajñásya)
of sacrifice
केतुर्म (ketúḥ)
banner/beacon
न्मसाधनः (manmasā́dhanaḥ)
fulfiller of thoughts/wishes
वेः (véḥ)
bird
अमृ tatvam (amr̥tatvám)
immortality
रक्षमाणास (rákṣamāṇāsaḥ)
guarding/protecting
एनं (enam)
him
देवाः (devā́ḥ)
gods
अग्निं (agním)
Agni
धारयन् (dhārayan)
upholding
द्रविणोदाम् (draviṇodā́m)
giver of riches
Stanza 1.96.7
नू च॑ पु॒रा च॒ सद॑नं रयी॒णां जा॒तस्य॑ च॒ जाय॑मानस्य च॒ क्षाम् | स॒तश्च॑ गो॒पां भव॑तश्च॒ भूरे॑र्दे॒वा अ॒ग्निं धा॑रयन्द्रविणो॒दाम् ||
nū́ ca purā́ ca sádanaṁ rayīṇā́ṁ jātásya ca jā́yamānasya ca kṣā́m satáś ca gopā́m bhávataś ca bhū́rer devā́ agníṁ dhārayan draviṇodā́m
He is now and was formerly the dwelling place of riches. He protects what is born and what will be born. He is the guardian of what exists and what will come. The gods uphold Agni, the giver of wealth.
Agni is praised as the eternal abode of wealth, both in the present and the past. He is the protector and guardian of all that exists now and all that will come into being, emphasizing his timeless and all-encompassing nature as the one supported by the gods for providing riches.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. नू च पुरा च सदनं रयीणां nú + ca purā́ ca sádanam rayīṇā́m (11 syllables)
- B. जातस्य च जायमानस्य च क्षाम् jātásya ca jā́yamānasya ca kṣā́m (11 syllables)
- C. सतश्च च गोपां भवतश्च च भूर satáḥ ca gopā́m bhávataḥ ca bhū́reḥ (11 syllables)
- D. देवाः अग्निं धारयन् द्रविणोदाम् devā́ḥ agním dhārayan draviṇodā́m (11 syllables)
नू (nú +)
now
च (ca)
and
पुरा (purā́)
formerly/in the past
च (ca)
and
सदनं (sádanam)
dwelling place/abode
रयीणां (rayīṇā́m)
of riches
जातस्य (jātásya)
of what is born
च (ca)
and
जायमानस्य (jā́yamānasya)
of what is being born
च (ca)
and
क्षाम् (kṣā́m)
earth/realm
सतश्च (satáḥ)
of what exists
च (ca)
and
गोपां (gopā́m)
guardian/protector
भवतश्च (bhávataḥ)
of what will be
च (ca)
and
भूर (bhū́reḥ)
of abundance
देवाः (devā́ḥ)
gods
अग्निं (agním)
Agni
धारयन् (dhārayan)
upholding
द्रविणोदाम् (draviṇodā́m)
giver of riches
Stanza 1.96.8
द्र॒वि॒णो॒दा द्रवि॑णसस्तु॒रस्य॑ द्रविणो॒दाः सन॑रस्य॒ प्र यं॑सत् | द्र॒वि॒णो॒दा वी॒रव॑ती॒मिषं॑ नो द्रविणो॒दा रा॑सते दी॒र्घमायुः॑ ||
draviṇodā́ dráviṇasas turásya draviṇodā́ḥ sánarasya prá yaṁsat draviṇodā́ vīrávatīm íṣaṁ no draviṇodā́ rāsate dīrghám ā́yuḥ
May the giver of wealth grant us quick wealth. May he grant us wealth with heroes. May the giver of wealth grant us food with offspring, and long life.
This verse is a powerful prayer directed towards Agni, the 'giver of wealth'. It asks him to bestow quick riches, wealth accompanied by heroic strength, sustenance with progeny, and long life. This highlights the human desire for prosperity and well-being, invoking Agni as the source.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. द्रविणोदाः द्रविणसस्तु तुरस्य draviṇodā́ḥ dráviṇasaḥ turásya (11 syllables)
- B. द्रविणोदाः सनरस्य प्र यं त् draviṇodā́ḥ sánarasya prá yaṃsat (11 syllables)
- C. द्रविणोदाः वीरावतीमिषं इषं नो draviṇodā́ḥ vīrávatīm íṣam naḥ (11 syllables)
- D. द्रविणोदाः रासते दीर्घं आयुः draviṇodā́ḥ rāsate dīrghám ā́yuḥ (11 syllables)
द्रविणोदाः (draviṇodā́ḥ)
giver of wealth
द्रविणसस्तु (dráviṇasaḥ)
wealth
तुरस्य (turásya)
quick/swift
द्रविणोदाः (draviṇodā́ḥ)
giver of wealth
सनरस्य (sánarasya)
united/together
प्र (prá)
forth/forward
यं त् (yaṃsat)
grant/bestow
द्रविणोदाः (draviṇodā́ḥ)
giver of wealth
वीरावतीमिषं (vīrávatīm)
with heroes/valiant
इषं (íṣam)
food/sustenance
नो (naḥ)
to us
द्रविणोदाः (draviṇodā́ḥ)
giver of wealth
रासते (rāsate)
grants/gives
दीर्घं (dīrghám)
long
आयुः (ā́yuḥ)
life
Stanza 1.96.9
ए॒वा नो॑ अग्ने स॒मिधा॑ वृधा॒नो रे॒वत्पा॑वक॒ श्रव॑से॒ वि भा॑हि | तन्नो॑ मि॒त्रो वरु॑णो मामहन्ता॒मदि॑तिः॒ सिन्धुः॑ पृथि॒वी उ॒त द्यौः ||
evā́ no agne samídhā vr̥dhānó revát pāvaka śrávase ví bhāhi tán no mitró váruṇo māmahantām áditiḥ síndhuḥ pr̥thivī́ utá dyaúḥ
O Agni, fed by our offerings, shine brightly for us with abundant glory. May Mitra, Varuṇa, Aditi, the River, Earth, and Sky endorse this for us.
In this final verse, the speaker addresses Agni, asking him to shine brightly and bestow blessings, fueled by the offerings provided. The verse concludes with a wish for powerful deities—Mitra, Varuṇa, Aditi, the River, Earth, and Sky—to endorse and grant this prayer.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. एवा नः अग्ने समिधा वृध नो evá + naḥ agne samídhā vr̥dhānáḥ (11 syllables)
- B. रेवत् पावक श्रवसे वि भाहि revát pāvaka śrávase ví bhāhi (11 syllables)
- C. तन्नो नः मित्रो वरुणो मामहन्तामदि tát naḥ mitráḥ váruṇaḥ māmahantām (11 syllables)
- D. दितिः सिन्धुः पृथ्वी उत द्यौः áditiḥ síndhuḥ pr̥thivī́ utá dyaúḥ (11 syllables)
एवा (evá +)
thus
नः (naḥ)
us
अग्ने (agne)
O Agni
समिधा (samídhā)
with fuel/offerings
वृध नो (vr̥dhānáḥ)
growing/increasing
रेवत् (revát)
wealthy/auspicious
पावक (pāvaka)
O purifier
श्रवसे (śrávase)
for glory/fame
वि (ví)
brightly
भाहि (bhāhi)
shine
तन्नो (tát)
that
नः (naḥ)
us
मित्रो (mitráḥ)
Mitra (god)
वरुणो (váruṇaḥ)
Varuna (god)
मामहन्तामदि (māmahantām)
may approve/endorse
दितिः (áditiḥ)
Aditi (goddess)
सिन्धुः (síndhuḥ)
River (personified)
पृथ्वी (pr̥thivī́)
Earth (goddess)
उत (utá)
and
द्यौः (dyaúḥ)
Sky (god)