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Stanza 1.77.1
क॒था दा॑शेमा॒ग्नये॒ कास्मै॑ दे॒वजु॑ष्टोच्यते भा॒मिने॒ गीः | यो मर्त्ये॑ष्व॒मृत॑ ऋ॒तावा॒ होता॒ यजि॑ष्ठ॒ इत्कृ॒णोति॑ दे॒वान् ||
kathā́ dāśemāgnáye kā́smai devájuṣṭocyate bhāmíne gī́ḥ yó mártyeṣv amŕ̥ta r̥tā́vā hótā yájiṣṭha ít kr̥ṇóti devā́n
How can we give offerings to Agni? What words, loved by the gods, should be spoken to him, the radiant one? He is the immortal, truth-following priest among mortals, who brings the gods to us through the best sacrifices.
This verse is a prayer to Agni, the fire god, asking how best to honor him. It questions what kind of praise or offering would please him, describing him as a god-loved, shining, immortal, truth-keeping herald who brings the gods to us through sacrifice.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. कथा दाशेमा अग्नये का स्मै kathā́ dāśema agnáye kā́ asmai (11 syllables)
- B. देवजुष्टो च्यते भामिने गीः devájuṣṭā ucyate bhāmíne gī́ḥ (11 syllables)
- C. यो मर्त्येष् अमृत ऋतावा yáḥ mártyeṣu amŕ̥taḥ r̥tā́vā (11 syllables)
- D. होता यजिष्ठ इत् कृणोति देव hótā yájiṣṭhaḥ ít kr̥ṇóti devā́n (11 syllables)
कथा (kathā́)
How
दाशेमा (dāśema)
shall we give offerings
अग्नये (agnáye)
to Agni
का (kā́)
what
स्मै (asmai)
to him
देवजुष्टो (devájuṣṭā)
god-loved
च्यते (ucyate)
is spoken
भामिने (bhāmíne)
to the radiant one
गीः (gī́ḥ)
praise/hymn
यो (yáḥ)
who
मर्त्येष् (mártyeṣu)
among mortals
अमृत (amŕ̥taḥ)
immortal
ऋतावा (r̥tā́vā)
truth-keeping
होता (hótā)
priest/offerer
यजिष्ठ (yájiṣṭhaḥ)
best sacrificer
इत् (ít)
indeed
कृणोति (kr̥ṇóti)
brings/makes
देव (devā́n)
the gods
Stanza 1.77.2
यो अ॑ध्व॒रेषु॒ शंत॑म ऋ॒तावा॒ होता॒ तमू॒ नमो॑भि॒रा कृ॑णुध्वम् | अ॒ग्निर्यद्वेर्मर्ता॑य दे॒वान्त्स चा॒ बोधा॑ति॒ मन॑सा यजाति ||
yó adhvaréṣu śáṁtama r̥tā́vā hótā tám ū námobhir ā́ kr̥ṇudhvam agnír yád vér mártāya devā́n sá cā bódhāti mánasā yajāti
Let's bring Agni, the most helpful and righteous priest in sacrifices, to us with our devoted offerings! When Agni represents mortals to the gods, he truly understands and performs the ritual with his mind.
This verse is an invocation, asking us to bring the divine priest Agni, who is beneficial and righteous, to us with reverence. It explains that when Agni acts as a mediator for mortals to reach the gods, he is attentive and performs the sacrifice properly.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. यो अध्वरेषु शंतम ऋतावा yáḥ adhvaréṣu śáṃtamaḥ r̥tā́vā (11 syllables)
- B. होता तमू + नमोभि आ कृणुध्वम् hótā tám u + námobhiḥ ā́ kr̥ṇudhvam (11 syllables)
- C. अग्नि य वे मर्ताय देव agníḥ yát véḥ mártāya devā́n (11 syllables)
- D. स च बोधाति मनसा यजाति sá ca + bódhāti mánasā yajāti (11 syllables)
यो (yáḥ)
who
अध्वरेषु (adhvaréṣu)
in sacrifices
शंतम (śáṃtamaḥ)
most beneficial
ऋतावा (r̥tā́vā)
truth-keeping
होता (hótā)
priest/offerer
तमू (tám)
him
+ (u +)
indeed
नमोभि (námobhiḥ)
with offerings/reverence
आ (ā́)
here
कृणुध्वम् (kr̥ṇudhvam)
bring ye
अग्नि (agníḥ)
Agni
य (yát)
when
वे (véḥ)
he approaches/mediates
मर्ताय (mártāya)
for the mortal
देव (devā́n)
the gods
स (sá)
he
च (ca +)
and
बोधाति (bódhāti)
understands/is aware
मनसा (mánasā)
with his mind
यजाति (yajāti)
he sacrifices
Stanza 1.77.3
स हि क्रतुः॒ स मर्यः॒ स सा॒धुर्मि॒त्रो न भू॒दद्भु॑तस्य र॒थीः | तं मेधे॑षु प्रथ॒मं दे॑व॒यन्ती॒र्विश॒ उप॑ ब्रुवते द॒स्ममारीः॑ ||
sá hí krátuḥ sá máryaḥ sá sādhúr mitró ná bhūd ádbhutasya rathī́ḥ tám médheṣu prathamáṁ devayántīr víśa úpa bruvate dasmám ā́rīḥ
For he is wisdom, he is spirited like a man, and he is upright. He is the guide of the wondrous, like a friendly charioteer. Therefore, those who yearn for the divine call out to him, the amazing one, first at their rituals.
This verse praises Agni's qualities: he is wise, strong like a man, and straightforward. Like the god Mitra, he acts as a charioteer, guiding the wonderful. People, seeking the divine, call upon him first at sacrifices because of his marvelous nature.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. स हि क्रतुः स मर्यः स साधुः sá hí krátuḥ sá máryaḥ sá sādhúḥ (11 syllables)
- B. मित्रः न भूद अद्भुतस्य रथीः mitráḥ ná bhūt ádbhutasya rathī́ḥ (11 syllables)
- C. तं मेधे प्रथम देवयन्ती tám médheṣu prathamám devayántīḥ (11 syllables)
- D. विश उप ब्रुवते दस्म आरीः víśaḥ úpa bruvate dasmám ā́rīḥ (11 syllables)
स (sá)
he
हि (hí)
indeed
क्रतुः (krátuḥ)
wisdom/power
स (sá)
he
मर्यः (máryaḥ)
manly/spirited
स (sá)
he
साधुः (sādhúḥ)
upright/straightforward
मित्रः (mitráḥ)
like Mitra (a god of friendship and contracts)
न (ná)
not
भूद (bhūt)
he became
अद्भुतस्य (ádbhutasya)
of the wondrous/marvelous
रथीः (rathī́ḥ)
charioteer/guide
तं (tám)
him
मेधे (médheṣu)
in sacrifices
प्रथम (prathamám)
first
देवयन्ती (devayántīḥ)
seeking the gods
विश (víśaḥ)
people/clans
उप (úpa)
towards
ब्रुवते (bruvate)
they call
दस्म (dasmám)
amazing/wonderful
आरीः (ā́rīḥ)
Aryans/pious ones
Stanza 1.77.4
स नो॑ नृ॒णां नृत॑मो रि॒शादा॑ अ॒ग्निर्गिरोऽव॑सा वेतु धी॒तिम् | तना॑ च॒ ये म॒घवा॑नः॒ शवि॑ष्ठा॒ वाज॑प्रसूता इ॒षय॑न्त॒ मन्म॑ ||
sá no nr̥ṇā́ṁ nŕ̥tamo riśā́dā agnír gíró 'vasā vetu dhītím tánā ca yé maghávānaḥ śáviṣṭhā vā́japrasūtā iṣáyanta mánma
May Agni, the mightiest hero among men, who destroys foes and is rich in sustenance, accept our hymns and our devotion with his help. And may those wealthy and powerful individuals, driven by abundance, stir our minds through their offerings.
This verse is a plea to Agni, the greatest among heroes and the destroyer of enemies, to accept our songs and thoughts with his help. It also prays that those who are wealthy, powerful, and driven by abundance will be inspired by their own gifts to stir our minds.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. स नः नृणां नृतम रिषादा sá naḥ nr̥ṇā́m nŕ̥tamaḥ riśā́dāḥ (11 syllables)
- B. अग्नि गिर अवसा वेतु धीतिम् agníḥ gíraḥ ávasā vetu dhītím (11 syllables)
- C. तना च ये मघवानः शविष्ठाः tánā ca yé maghávānaḥ śáviṣṭhāḥ (11 syllables)
- D. वाजप्रसूताः इषयन्त मन्म vā́japrasūtāḥ iṣáyanta mánma (11 syllables)
स (sá)
he
नः (naḥ)
our
नृणां (nr̥ṇā́m)
of men
नृतम (nŕ̥tamaḥ)
mightiest hero
रिषादा (riśā́dāḥ)
destroyer of foes/rich in sustenance
अग्नि (agníḥ)
Agni
गिर (gíraḥ)
hymns/songs
अवसा (ávasā)
with help/protection
वेतु (vetu)
may he accept/come
धीतिम् (dhītím)
devotion/thought
तना (tánā)
through that
च (ca)
and
ये (yé)
who
मघवानः (maghávānaḥ)
wealthy/munificent
शविष्ठाः (śáviṣṭhāḥ)
most powerful
वाजप्रसूताः (vā́japrasūtāḥ)
driven by abundance/food
इषयन्त (iṣáyanta)
stirring/urging
मन्म (mánma)
thoughts/praise
Stanza 1.77.5
ए॒वाग्निर्गोत॑मेभिर्ऋ॒तावा॒ विप्रे॑भिरस्तोष्ट जा॒तवे॑दाः | स ए॑षु द्यु॒म्नं पी॑पय॒त्स वाजं॒ स पु॒ष्टिं या॑ति॒ जोष॒मा चि॑कि॒त्वान् ||
evā́gnír gótamebhir r̥tā́vā víprebhir astoṣṭa jātávedāḥ sá eṣu dyumnám pīpayat sá vā́jaṁ sá puṣṭíṁ yāti jóṣam ā́ cikitvā́n
In this way, righteous Agni, the knower of all beings, has been praised by the Gotama seers. May he increase their brilliance and their abundance. He, the wise one, moves forward to achieve their desired prosperity.
This verse concludes by stating that Agni, the 'Jātavedas' (knower of all births), who is righteous and praises the Gotama family, is being lauded. It expresses a wish that he may increase their splendor and strength, and that he, being all-knowing, will fulfill their desires.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. एवा अग्नि गोतमेभि ऋतावा evá agníḥ gótamebhiḥ r̥tā́vā (11 syllables)
- B. विप्रेभि अस्तोष्ट जातवेदाः víprebhiḥ astoṣṭa jātávedāḥ (11 syllables)
- C. स एषु द्युम्न पीपय स वाज sáḥ eṣu dyumnám pīpayat sá vā́jam (11 syllables)
- D. स पुष्टि याति जोष आ चिकित्व sá puṣṭím yāti jóṣam ā́ cikitvā́n (11 syllables)
एवा (evá)
thus/in this way
अग्नि (agníḥ)
Agni
गोतमेभि (gótamebhiḥ)
by the Gotamas (a priestly family)
ऋतावा (r̥tā́vā)
truth-keeping/righteous
विप्रेभि (víprebhiḥ)
by the seers/poets
अस्तोष्ट (astoṣṭa)
he has praised
जातवेदाः (jātávedāḥ)
knower of all births/lives
स (sáḥ)
he
एषु (eṣu)
in them
द्युम्न (dyumnám)
splendor/glory
पीपय (pīpayat)
may he make full/increase
स (sá)
he
वाज (vā́jam)
strength/abundance
स (sá)
he
पुष्टि (puṣṭím)
prosperity/growth
याति (yāti)
he goes/attains
जोष (jóṣam)
with pleasure/desire
आ (ā́)
towards/up to
चिकित्व (cikitvā́n)
observant/knowing