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Stanza 1.46.1
ए॒षो उ॒षा अपू॑र्व्या॒ व्यु॑च्छति प्रि॒या दि॒वः | स्तु॒षे वा॑मश्विना बृ॒हत् ||
eṣó uṣā́ ápūrvyā vy ùchati priyā́ diváḥ stuṣé vām aśvinā br̥hát
Here comes the dawn, so special and beloved of the sky! We sing your great glory, Ashvins!
The dawn is breaking, shining beautifully and loved by the sky. The speaker is praising the dawn, calling it 'apūrvyā' (unprecedented/never before seen), and is addressing the divine twin physicians, Ashvins, asking them to listen to their praise.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. ए॒ष उ उषाः अपूर्व्या eṣā́ u uṣā́ḥ ápūrvyā (8 syllables)
- B. वि व्युच्छति प्रिया दिवः ví uchati priyā́ diváḥ (8 syllables)
- C. स्तुषे वाम अश्विना बृहत् stuṣé vām aśvinā br̥hát (8 syllables)
ए॒ष (eṣā́)
this
उ (u)
and (emphatic)
उषाः (uṣā́ḥ)
Dawn
अपूर्व्या (ápūrvyā)
unprecedented, never before seen
वि (ví)
separation/special
व्युच्छति (uchati)
shines
प्रिया (priyā́)
beloved
दिवः (diváḥ)
of the sky
स्तुषे (stuṣé)
we praise
वाम (vām)
your (dual)
अश्विना (aśvinā)
O Ashvins (twin gods)
बृहत् (br̥hát)
great, vast
Stanza 1.46.2
या द॒स्रा सिन्धु॑मातरा मनो॒तरा॑ रयी॒णाम् | धि॒या दे॒वा व॑सु॒विदा॑ ||
yā́ dasrā́ síndhumātarā manotárā rayīṇā́m dhiyā́ devā́ vasuvídā
O you who are wonders, born from the waters, leaders of thought, bestowers of riches, O gods who find wealth with your wisdom!
The speaker addresses the Ashvins, calling them 'Dasra' (wonders) and 'Sindhumātara' (sons of the river/ocean), and 'Manotarā' (leaders of the mind/thoughts). They are praised as wealth-finders and bringers of riches, who possess great wisdom.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. या दस्त्रा सिन्धुमातरा yā́ dasrā́ síndhumātarā (8 syllables)
- B. मनोतरा रयीणाम् manotárā rayīṇā́m (8 syllables)
- C. धिया देवा वसुविदा dhiyā́ devā́ vasuvídā (8 syllables)
या (yā́)
who (dual)
दस्त्रा (dasrā́)
wonders, powerful ones
सिन्धुमातरा (síndhumātarā)
having the river/ocean as mother
मनोतरा (manotárā)
leaders of thought/mind
रयीणाम् (rayīṇā́m)
of riches
धिया (dhiyā́)
by wisdom, thought
देवा (devā́)
O gods (dual)
वसुविदा (vasuvídā)
finders of wealth
Stanza 1.46.3
व॒च्यन्ते॑ वां ककु॒हासो॑ जू॒र्णाया॒मधि॑ वि॒ष्टपि॑ | यद्वां॒ रथो॒ विभि॒ष्पता॑त् ||
vacyánte vāṁ kakuhā́so jūrṇā́yām ádhi viṣṭápi yád vāṁ rátho víbhiṣ pátāt
Your swift horses are described as moving fast. When will your chariot fly with its winged steeds?
The Ashvins' powerful horses are described as moving swiftly. The verse asks about their chariot, specifically when it will fly with its winged steeds, suggesting anticipation for their arrival or movement.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. वच्यन्ते वाम ककुहासः vacyánte vām kakuhā́saḥ (8 syllables)
- B. जूर्णायाम् अधि विष्टपि jūrṇā́yām ádhi viṣṭápi (8 syllables)
- C. यत् वाम रथः विभिः पतात् yát vām ráthaḥ víbhiḥ pátāt (8 syllables)
वच्यन्ते (vacyánte)
are moved, hastened
वाम (vām)
your (dual)
ककुहासः (kakuhā́saḥ)
horses (with flowing manes)
जूर्णायाम् (jūrṇā́yām)
moving, flowing
अधि (ádhi)
upon, over
विष्टपि (viṣṭápi)
in the expanse, space
यत् (yát)
when
वाम (vām)
your (dual)
रथः (ráthaḥ)
chariot
विभिः (víbhiḥ)
with wings
पतात् (pátāt)
may fly
Stanza 1.46.4
ह॒विषा॑ जा॒रो अ॒पां पिप॑र्ति॒ पपु॑रिर्नरा | पि॒ता कुट॑स्य चर्ष॒णिः ||
havíṣā jāró apā́m píparti pápurir narā pitā́ kúṭasya carṣaṇíḥ
O you generous lover, father of the waters, watchful guardian, you nourish us with offerings!
This verse praises a figure, possibly the Ashvins or a related deity, who is a 'jāraḥ' (lover, one who bestows affection) and 'pitā' (father) of waters and 'carṣaṇiḥ' (watcher, moving force). This being, with offerings, nourishes and sustains others, like a father figure.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. हविषा जारः अपाम् havíṣā jāráḥ apā́m (8 syllables)
- B. पिपर्ति पपुरिः नरा píparti pápuriḥ narā (8 syllables)
- C. पिता कुटस्य चर्षणिः pitā́ kúṭasya carṣaṇíḥ (8 syllables)
हविषा (havíṣā)
with offerings
जारः (jāráḥ)
lover, generous one
अपाम् (apā́m)
of the waters
पिपर्ति (píparti)
nourishes, fills
पपुरिः (pápuriḥ)
moving, active
नरा (narā)
O men (addressing the Ashvins)
पिता (pitā́)
father
कुटस्य (kúṭasya)
of the house, dwelling
चर्षणिः (carṣaṇíḥ)
watcher, observer, mover
Stanza 1.46.5
आ॒दा॒रो वां॑ मती॒नां नास॑त्या मतवचसा | पा॒तं सोम॑स्य धृष्णु॒या ||
ādāró vām matīnā́ṁ nā́satyā matavacasā pātáṁ sómasya dhr̥ṣṇuyā́
O Nāsatyas, you pay attention to our thoughts. Drink the Soma juice boldly!
The speaker acknowledges the Ashvins ('Nāsatyā') as attentive to their thoughts and prayers ('matīnām'). They are urged to drink the Soma juice with boldness, indicating a welcoming and celebratory atmosphere for the divine twins.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. आदारः वाम मतीनाम् ādāráḥ vām matīnā́m (8 syllables)
- B. नासत्या मतवचसा nā́satyā matavacasā (8 syllables)
- C. पातम् सोमस्य धृष्णुया pātám sómasya dhr̥ṣṇuyā́ (8 syllables)
आदारः (ādāráḥ)
attention, regard
वाम (vām)
for you (dual)
मतीनाम् (matīnā́m)
of thoughts, prayers
नासत्या (nā́satyā)
O Nāsatyas (Ashvins)
मतवचसा (matavacasā)
with insightful words
पातम् (pātám)
drink (dual, imperative)
सोमस्य (sómasya)
of the Soma juice
धृष्णुया (dhr̥ṣṇuyā́)
boldly, courageously
Stanza 1.46.6
या नः॒ पीप॑रदश्विना॒ ज्योति॑ष्मती॒ तम॑स्ति॒रः | ताम॒स्मे रा॑साथा॒मिष॑म् ||
yā́ naḥ pī́parad aśvinā jyótiṣmatī támas tiráḥ tā́m asmé rāsāthām íṣam
O Ashvins, grant us that strength which moves with light through the darkness!
The speaker asks the Ashvins to bestow upon them a strength that can pierce through darkness and lead them forward. This strength is associated with light and guidance, implying a need for help in overcoming obstacles or ignorance.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. या नः पीपरत् अश्विना yā́ naḥ pī́parat aśvinā (8 syllables)
- B. ज्योतिष्मती तमः तिरस jyótiṣmatī támaḥ tirás (8 syllables)
- C. ताम अस्मे रासाथाम इषम् tā́m asmé rāsāthām íṣam (8 syllables)
या (yā́)
which
नः (naḥ)
us
पीपरत् (pī́parat)
may nourish, sustain
अश्विना (aśvinā)
O Ashvins
ज्योतिष्मती (jyótiṣmatī)
full of light
तमः (támaḥ)
darkness
तिरस (tirás)
across, through
ताम (tā́m)
that
अस्मे (asmé)
for us
रासाथाम (rāsāthām)
grant (dual imperative)
इषम् (íṣam)
strength, nourishment
Stanza 1.46.7
आ नो॑ ना॒वा म॑ती॒नां या॒तं पा॒राय॒ गन्त॑वे | यु॒ञ्जाथा॑मश्विना॒ रथ॑म् ||
ā́ no nāvā́ matīnā́ṁ yātám pārā́ya gántave yuñjā́thām aśvinā rátham
Come to us, Ashvins, with the 'ship' of our thoughts, and harness your chariot to reach the far shore!
The speaker invites the Ashvins to come quickly, using the hymns as a 'boat' to reach the 'far shore' (a goal or destination). They are also asked to harness their chariot for this journey, emphasizing a desire for their swift arrival and guidance.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. आ नः नावा मतीनाम् ā́ naḥ nāvā́ matīnā́m (8 syllables)
- B. यातम पाराय गन्तवे yātám pārā́ya gántave (8 syllables)
- C. युञ्जाथाम अश्विना रथम् yuñjā́thām aśvinā rátham (8 syllables)
आ (ā́)
towards, hither
नः (naḥ)
us
नावा (nāvā́)
by the boat
मतीनाम् (matīnā́m)
of thoughts, hymns
यातम (yātám)
go, come (dual imperative)
पाराय (pārā́ya)
to the far shore, to the goal
गन्तवे (gántave)
for going
युञ्जाथाम (yuñjā́thām)
yoke, harness (dual imperative)
अश्विना (aśvinā)
O Ashvins
रथम् (rátham)
chariot
Stanza 1.46.8
अ॒रित्रं॑ वां दि॒वस्पृ॒थु ती॒र्थे सिन्धू॑नां॒ रथः॑ | धि॒या यु॑युज्र॒ इन्द॑वः ||
arítraṁ vāṁ divás pr̥thú tīrthé síndhūnāṁ ráthaḥ dhiyā́ yuyujra índavaḥ
Your chariot, like a wide vessel of the sky, is ready at the river crossing. The drops, empowered by thought, have yoked it!
The verse describes the Ashvins' chariot as a wide 'vessel' ('aritraṁ') of the sky, ready at the crossing point ('tīrthe') of the rivers ('sindhūnām'). Their chariot has been yoked by the 'drops' (possibly Soma or divine power) with wisdom or thought, suggesting readiness for a significant journey or action.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. अरित्रम् वाम दिवः पृथु arítram vām diváḥ pr̥thú (8 syllables)
- B. तीर्थे सिन्धूनाम् रथः tīrthé síndhūnām ráthaḥ (8 syllables)
- C. धिया युयुज्रे इन्दवः dhiyā́ yuyujre índavaḥ (8 syllables)
अरित्रम् (arítram)
oar, rudder, vessel
वाम (vām)
your (dual)
दिवः (diváḥ)
of the sky
पृथु (pr̥thú)
wide, broad
तीर्थे (tīrthé)
at the ford, crossing place
सिन्धूनाम् (síndhūnām)
of the rivers/streams
रथः (ráthaḥ)
chariot
धिया (dhiyā́)
by wisdom, thought
युयुज्रे (yuyujre)
have yoked, joined
इन्दवः (índavaḥ)
drops (of Soma or celestial fluid)
Stanza 1.46.9
दि॒वस्क॑ण्वास॒ इन्द॑वो॒ वसु॒ सिन्धू॑नां प॒दे | स्वं व॒व्रिं कुह॑ धित्सथः ||
divás kaṇvāsa índavo vásu síndhūnām padé sváṁ vavríṁ kúha dhitsathaḥ
O Kaṇvas, the drops are in the sky, wealth is by the rivers. Where will you (Ashvins) manifest yourselves?
Addressing the sages (Kaṇvas), the verse points out that the Soma drops ('indavaḥ') are in the sky, and wealth is at the place of the rivers. It then questions where the Ashvins will manifest their true form or presence, indicating a seeking and anticipation.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. दिवः कण्वानः इन्दवः diváḥ kaṇvāsaḥ índavaḥ (8 syllables)
- B. वसु सिन्धूनाम् पदे vásu síndhūnām padé (8 syllables)
- C. स्वं वव्रिम कुह धित्सथः svám vavrím kúha dhitsathaḥ (8 syllables)
दिवः (diváḥ)
of the sky
कण्वानः (kaṇvāsaḥ)
O Kaṇvas (sages)
इन्दवः (índavaḥ)
drops (of Soma)
वसु (vásu)
wealth
सिन्धूनाम् (síndhūnām)
of the rivers
पदे (padé)
in the place
स्वं (svám)
own
वव्रिम (vavrím)
form, appearance
कुह (kúha)
where
धित्सथः (dhitsathaḥ)
do you wish to place/manifest (dual)
Stanza 1.46.10
अभू॑दु॒ भा उ॑ अं॒शवे॒ हिर॑ण्यं॒ प्रति॒ सूर्यः॑ | व्य॑ख्यज्जि॒ह्वयासि॑तः ||
ábhūd u bhā́ u aṁśáve híraṇyam práti sū́ryaḥ vy àkhyaj jihváyā́sitaḥ
Light emerged, the sun appeared like gold, and its shining 'tongue' became visible!
As dawn breaks ('bhāḥ'), light spreads, and the sun appears like gold. Its 'tongue' (rays or energy) is described as having emerged, spreading forth, and making visible what was hidden, signifying the full arrival of daylight.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. अभूत् उ भाः उ अंषवे ábhūt u bhā́ḥ u aṃśáve (8 syllables)
- B. हिरण्यं प्रति सूर्यः híraṇyam práti sū́ryaḥ (8 syllables)
- C. वि अख्यत् जिह्वया असितः ví akhyat jihváyā ásitaḥ (8 syllables)
अभूत् (ábhūt)
became, emerged
उ (u)
and
भाः (bhā́ḥ)
light
उ (u)
and
अंषवे (aṃśáve)
for the ray/beam
हिरण्यं (híraṇyam)
gold
प्रति (práti)
towards, in front
सूर्यः (sū́ryaḥ)
sun
वि (ví)
apart, forth
अख्यत् (akhyat)
appeared, revealed
जिह्वया (jihváyā)
by the tongue
असितः (ásitaḥ)
dark, hidden (here, the darkness that is dispersed)
Stanza 1.46.11
अभू॑दु पा॒रमेत॑वे॒ पन्था॑ ऋ॒तस्य॑ साधु॒या | अद॑र्शि॒ वि स्रु॒तिर्दि॒वः ||
ábhūd u pārám étave pánthā r̥tásya sādhuyā́ ádarśi ví srutír diváḥ
The path to the goal of Rta became passable, and the way of the sky became visible!
The path of 'Rta' (cosmic order/truth) has been made clear and accessible for reaching its distant goal. Similarly, the path of the sky ('divaḥ'), a way of divine movement or knowledge, has become visible, signifying clarity and divine guidance.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. अभूत् उ पாரம் एतवे ábhūt u pārám étave (8 syllables)
- B. पन्थाः ऋतस्य साधुया pánthāḥ r̥tásya sādhuyā́ (8 syllables)
- C. अदर्श वि सृतिः दिवः ádarśi ví srutíḥ diváḥ (8 syllables)
अभूत् (ábhūt)
became
उ (u)
and
पாரம் (pārám)
the far side, goal
एतवे (étave)
for going
पन्थाः (pánthāḥ)
path, way
ऋतस्य (r̥tásya)
of cosmic order/truth
साधुया (sādhuyā́)
smoothly, properly
अदर्श (ádarśi)
was seen, became visible
वि (ví)
apart, clearly
सृतिः (srutíḥ)
path, way, flowing
दिवः (diváḥ)
of the sky
Stanza 1.46.12
तत्त॒दिद॒श्विनो॒रवो॑ जरि॒ता प्रति॑ भूषति | मदे॒ सोम॑स्य॒ पिप्र॑तोः ||
tát-tad íd aśvínor ávo jaritā́ práti bhūṣati máde sómasya pípratoḥ
The singer adorns himself with all the gifts of the Ashvins, which are received amidst the joy of Soma, when they are pleased!
The singer ('jaritā') celebrates and adorns themselves with the various gifts ('avaḥ') of the Ashvins. This praise happens amidst the joy and intoxication ('made') of the Soma juice, particularly when the Ashvins, who are protectors, are delighted.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. तत्तत् इद अश्विनोः अवः tát-tat ít aśvínoḥ ávaḥ (8 syllables)
- B. जरिता प्रति भूषति jaritā́ práti bhūṣati (8 syllables)
- C. मदे सोमस्य पिप्रतोः máde sómasya pípratoḥ (8 syllables)
तत्तत् (tát-tat)
that and that, all
इद (ít)
indeed
अश्विनोः (aśvínoḥ)
of the Ashvins
अवः (ávaḥ)
protection, gift, help
जरिता (jaritā́)
singer of praise
प्रति (práti)
towards, in accordance with
भूषति (bhūṣati)
adorns, celebrates
मदे (máde)
in the joy, exhilaration
सोमस्य (sómasya)
of the Soma
पिप्रतोः (pípratoḥ)
who nourish, delight (dual)
Stanza 1.46.13
वा॒व॒सा॒ना वि॒वस्व॑ति॒ सोम॑स्य पी॒त्या गि॒रा | म॒नु॒ष्वच्छ॑म्भू॒ आ ग॑तम् ||
vāvasānā́ vivásvati sómasya pītyā́ girā́ manuṣvác chambhū ā́ gatam
Come, O auspicious Ashvins, dwellers with the Sun, as you came to Manu, to the Soma and our praise!
The Ashvins are invited to come, described as dwelling with Vivasvan (the sun god) and being auspicious. They are to come to the Soma and the hymns of praise, just as they previously came to Manu, signifying a welcome and a request for their presence and favor.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. वावसाना विवस्वति vāvasānā́ vivásvati (8 syllables)
- B. सोमस्य पीत्या गिरा sómasya pītyā́ girā́ (8 syllables)
- C. मनुष्वत् शम्भू आ गतम manuṣvát śambhū ā́ gatam (8 syllables)
वावसाना (vāvasānā́)
dwelling, abiding (dual)
विवस्वति (vivásvati)
in the presence of Vivasvan (Sun god)
सोमस्य (sómasya)
of the Soma
पीत्या (pītyā́)
by drinking
गिरा (girā́)
by the hymn, song
मनुष्वत् (manuṣvát)
like Manu, as Manu did
शम्भू (śambhū)
auspicious, benevolent (dual)
आ (ā́)
come!
गतम (gatam)
come (dual imperative)
Stanza 1.46.14
यु॒वोरु॒षा अनु॒ श्रियं॒ परि॑ज्मनोरु॒पाच॑रत् | ऋ॒ता व॑नथो अ॒क्तुभिः॑ ||
yuvór uṣā́ ánu śríyam párijmanor upā́carat r̥tā́ vanatho aktúbhiḥ
Dawn follows your glorious path! O Ashvins, approve our righteous deeds with your bright rays!
The Dawn follows the glorious path of the Ashvins. The speaker asks the Ashvins to approve ('vanathaḥ') their righteous actions ('r̥tā') with their bright rays ('aktúbhiḥ'), suggesting a request for divine sanction and blessing on their endeavors.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. युवोर उषाः अनु श्रियं yuvóḥ uṣā́ḥ ánu śríyam (8 syllables)
- B. परिज्मनोर उपाचरत् párijmanoḥ upā́carat (8 syllables)
- C. ऋता वनथः अक्तुभिः r̥tā́ vanathaḥ aktúbhiḥ (8 syllables)
युवोर (yuvóḥ)
your (dual)
उषाः (uṣā́ḥ)
Dawn
अनु (ánu)
following
श्रियं (śríyam)
splendor, grace
परिज्मनोर (párijmanoḥ)
of the all-pervading, surrounding ones (Ashvins)
उपाचरत् (upā́carat)
followed, attended
ऋता (r̥tā́)
righteous things, acts
वनथः (vanathaḥ)
approve, favor (dual subjunctive)
अक्तुभिः (aktúbhiḥ)
with beams, rays
Stanza 1.46.15
उ॒भा पि॑बतमश्विनो॒भा नः॒ शर्म॑ यच्छतम् | अ॒वि॒द्रि॒याभि॑रू॒तिभिः॑ ||
ubhā́ pibatam aśvinobhā́ naḥ śárma yachatam avidriyā́bhir ūtíbhiḥ
O Ashvins, drink and grant us protection with your unfailing aids!
The speaker asks both Ashvins to drink ('pibatam') and grant protection ('śarma yachatam') to them. This protection should be unwavering and effective, delivered through their powerful 'aids' or 'helpers' ('ūtíbhiḥ').
Meter: Gayatri
- A. उभा पिबतम् अश्विना ubhā́ pibatam aśvinā (8 syllables)
- B. उभा नः शर्म यच्छतम् ubhā́ naḥ śárma yachatam (8 syllables)
- C. अविद्रियाभिः ऊतिभिः avidriyā́bhiḥ ūtíbhiḥ (8 syllables)
उभा (ubhā́)
both
पिबतम् (pibatam)
drink (dual imperative)
अश्विना (aśvinā)
O Ashvins
उभा (ubhā́)
both
नः (naḥ)
us
शर्म (śárma)
protection, shelter
यच्छतम् (yachatam)
grant (dual imperative)
अविद्रियाभिः (avidriyā́bhiḥ)
uninterrupted, unfailing
ऊतिभिः (ūtíbhiḥ)
with aids, help