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Stanza 1.30.1
आ व॒ इन्द्रं॒ क्रिविं॑ यथा वाज॒यन्तः॑ श॒तक्र॑तुम् | मंहि॑ष्ठं सिञ्च॒ इन्दु॑भिः ||
ā́ va índraṁ kríviṁ yathā vājayántaḥ śatákratum máṁhiṣṭhaṁ siñca índubhiḥ
Oh, come, Indra! Like those who offer you Soma juice, we pour it for you, the Lord of a Hundred Powers, who is the most generous, so you may receive it.
This verse is an invocation to Indra, the powerful deity, asking the worshippers to pour offerings (Soma juice) to him. It emphasizes his might and generosity, comparing him to a wellspring of abundance, and acknowledges his many great qualities and actions.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. आ वः इन्द्रम् क्रिविम् यथा ā́ vaḥ índram krívim yathā (8 syllables)
- B. वाज extending शतक्रतुम् vājayántaḥ śatákratum (8 syllables)
- C. मंहिष्ठम् सिञ्च इन्दुभिः máṃhiṣṭham siñce índubhiḥ (8 syllables)
आ (ā́)
Towards, up
वः (vaḥ)
To you
इन्द्रम् (índram)
Indra, the king of gods
क्रिविम् (krívim)
A name of Indra, meaning strong or swift
यथा (yathā)
As, like
वाज extending (vājayántaḥ)
Wishing for strength or food, invigorating
शतक्रतुम् (śatákratum)
One of a hundred powers, or of manifold activities
मंहिष्ठम् (máṃhiṣṭham)
Most liberal, most bountiful
सिञ्च (siñce)
I pour
इन्दुभिः (índubhiḥ)
With drops of Soma juice
Stanza 1.30.2
श॒तं वा॒ यः शुची॑नां स॒हस्रं॑ वा॒ समा॑शिराम् | एदु॑ नि॒म्नं न री॑यते ||
śatáṁ vā yáḥ śúcīnāṁ sahásraṁ vā sámāśirām éd u nimnáṁ ná rīyate
For him, who lets a hundred pure, or a thousand mixed libations flow, he receives them, as if into a deep well, never rejecting them.
This verse continues the praise of Indra, highlighting his ability to receive and contain vast quantities of offerings, like a hundred or a thousand streams of pure or mixed Soma juice. It compares this flow to water moving downwards, suggesting Indra's immense capacity and welcoming nature.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. शतम् वा यः शुचीनाम् śatám vā yáḥ śúcīnām (8 syllables)
- B. सहस्रम् वा समाशिराम् sahásram vā sámāśirām (8 syllables)
- C. आ इत् उ निम्नम् न रीयते ā́ ít u nimnám ná rīyate (8 syllables)
शतम् (śatám)
Hundred
वा (vā)
Or
यः (yáḥ)
Who
शुचीनाम् (śúcīnām)
Of pure things, often referring to pure Soma
सहस्रम् (sahásram)
Thousand
वा (vā)
Or
समाशिराम् (sámāśirām)
Of mixed offerings, often Soma mixed with milk or other ingredients
आ (ā́)
Up, here
इत् (ít)
Indeed, this
उ (u)
And
निम्नम् (nimnám)
A low place, depth
न (ná)
As, like
रीयते (rīyate)
Flows, moves
Stanza 1.30.3
सं यन्मदा॑य शु॒ष्मिण॑ ए॒ना ह्य॑स्यो॒दरे॑ | स॒मु॒द्रो न व्यचो॑ द॒धे ||
sáṁ yán mádāya śuṣmíṇa enā́ hy àsyodáre samudró ná vyáco dadhé
When for the strong one, the exhilarating joy is made ready, it fills his belly like an ocean, it is contained within him.
This verse describes Indra's capacity for joy and power. It states that for him, the 'intense joy' or 'exhilaration' from the Soma is created within his being, like a vast ocean filling up. This suggests Indra's immense and powerful nature.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. सम् यत् मदाय शुष्मिणे sám yát mádāya śuṣmíṇe (8 syllables)
- B. एना हि अस्य उदरे enā́ hí asya udáre (8 syllables)
- C. समुद्रः न व्यचः दधे samudráḥ ná vyácaḥ dadhé (8 syllables)
सम् (sám)
Together, with
यत् (yát)
That which
मदाय (mádāya)
For intoxication, for delight, for Soma-induced joy
शुष्मिणे (śuṣmíṇe)
To the strong one, to the powerful
एना (enā́)
By this, in this way
हि (hí)
Indeed, surely
अस्य (asya)
His
उदरे (udáre)
In the belly, in the stomach
समुद्रः (samudráḥ)
Ocean, sea
न (ná)
Like
व्यचः (vyácaḥ)
Expanse, vastness, space
दधे (dadhé)
He places, he holds, he contains
Stanza 1.30.4
अ॒यमु॑ ते॒ सम॑तसि क॒पोत॑ इव गर्भ॒धिम् | वच॒स्तच्चि॑न्न ओहसे ||
ayám u te sám atasi kapóta iva garbhadhím vácas tác cin na ohase
This is yours, Indra! You come near us, like a pigeon to its nesting place. We pray that you will accept our words and our offerings.
This verse addresses Indra directly, stating that he belongs to the worshipper. It uses a simile of a pigeon returning to its mate to describe approaching Indra. The verse expresses a desire for Indra's attention and care towards the worshipper's prayers and offerings.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. अयम् उ ते सम् अतसि ayám u te sám atasi (8 syllables)
- B. कपोतः इव गर्भधिम् kapótaḥ iva garbhadhím (8 syllables)
- C. वचः तत् चित् नः ओहसे vácaḥ tát cit naḥ ohase (8 syllables)
अयम् (ayám)
This
उ (u)
Indeed
ते (te)
Yours
सम् (sám)
Together, closely
अतसि (atasi)
You come near, you approach
कपोतः (kapótaḥ)
Pigeon, dove
इव (iva)
Like
गर्भधिम् (garbhadhím)
To the nest, the place where young are kept
वचः (vácaḥ)
Word, speech, prayer
तत् (tát)
That
चित् (cit)
Indeed, also
नः (naḥ)
Our
ओहसे (ohase)
You accept, you receive
Stanza 1.30.5
स्तो॒त्रं रा॑धानां पते॒ गिर्वा॑हो वीर॒ यस्य॑ ते | विभू॑तिरस्तु सू॒नृता॑ ||
stotráṁ rādhānām pate gírvāho vīra yásya te víbhūtir astu sūnŕ̥tā
O Indra, Lord of gifts and hero celebrated in hymns! May your power and abundance be with us, bringing us joy and prosperity.
This verse addresses Indra as the lord of gifts and the hero of hymns. The worshipper desires that Indra's power and grace should be present with them, bringing abundance and joy. It's a plea for divine favor and prosperity.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. स्तोत्रम् राधानाम् पते stotrám rādhānām pate (8 syllables)
- B. गिर्वांहः वीर यस्य ते gírvāhaḥ vīra yásya te (8 syllables)
- C. विभूतिः अस्तु सूनृता víbhūtiḥ astu sūnŕ̥tā (8 syllables)
स्तोत्रम् (stotrám)
Praise, hymn
राधानाम् (rādhānām)
Of gifts, of bounties, of successes
पते (pate)
Lord, master
गिर्वांहः (gírvāhaḥ)
Bearer of praise, worthy of hymns
वीर (vīra)
Hero, brave one
यस्य (yásya)
Whose
ते (te)
Your
विभूतिः (víbhūtiḥ)
Power, might, abundance
अस्तु (astu)
May it be
सूनृता (sūnŕ̥tā)
Joy, abundance, prosperity
Stanza 1.30.6
ऊ॒र्ध्वस्ति॑ष्ठा न ऊ॒तये॒ऽस्मिन्वाजे॑ शतक्रतो | सम॒न्येषु॑ ब्रवावहै ||
ūrdhvás tiṣṭhā na ūtáye 'smín vā́je śatakrato sám anyéṣu bravāvahai
O Indra, Lord of a Hundred Powers, stand up to help us! In this battle and in all our endeavors, let us agree and act together.
The worshipper asks Indra to stand ready to help them in their struggles and endeavors. They invoke him as the 'Lord of a Hundred Powers' and wish for a shared understanding and agreement in their actions, both in this particular fight and in general.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. ऊर्ध्वः ष्ठा नः ऊतये ūrdhváḥ tiṣṭha + naḥ ūtáye (8 syllables)
- B. अस्मिन् वाजे शतक्रतो asmín vā́je śatakrato (8 syllables)
- C. सम् अन्येषु ब्रवावहै sám anyéṣu bravāvahai (8 syllables)
ऊर्ध्वः (ūrdhváḥ)
Upright, standing tall, ready
ष्ठा (tiṣṭha +)
stand (imperative)
नः (naḥ)
Us
ऊतये (ūtáye)
For help, for protection
अस्मिन् (asmín)
In this
वाजे (vā́je)
In battle, in contest, in abundance
शतक्रतो (śatakrato)
O Indra of a hundred powers
सम् (sám)
Together
अन्येषु (anyéṣu)
In others, in other endeavors
ब्रवावहै (bravāvahai)
Let us speak, let us agree
Stanza 1.30.7
योगे॑योगे त॒वस्त॑रं॒ वाजे॑वाजे हवामहे | सखा॑य॒ इन्द्र॑मू॒तये॑ ||
yóge-yoge tavástaraṁ vā́je-vāje havāmahe sákhāya índram ūtáye
In every challenge, in every battle, we call upon you, Indra, our friend, for help, acknowledging your immense strength.
This is a general invocation to Indra, calling him as a friend in every situation and every battle. The worshippers invoke him repeatedly, seeking his support and strength, recognizing him as the most powerful ally.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. योगे-योगे तवस्तरम् yóge-yoge tavástaram (8 syllables)
- B. वाजे-वाजे हवामहे vā́je-vāje havāmahe (8 syllables)
- C. सखायः इन्द्रम् ऊतये sákhāyaḥ índram ūtáye (8 syllables)
योगे-योगे (yóge-yoge)
In every union, in every connection, in every effort
तवस्तरम् (tavástaram)
Most strong, most powerful
वाजे-वाजे (vā́je-vāje)
In every battle, in every contest, in every gain
हवामहे (havāmahe)
We call
सखायः (sákhāyaḥ)
As friends
इन्द्रम् (índram)
Indra
ऊतये (ūtáye)
For help, for succor
Stanza 1.30.8
आ घा॑ गम॒द्यदि॒ श्रव॑त्सह॒स्रिणी॑भिरू॒तिभिः॑ | वाजे॑भि॒रुप॑ नो॒ हव॑म् ||
ā́ ghā gamad yádi śrávat sahasríṇībhir ūtíbhiḥ vā́jebhir úpa no hávam
May he come to us now, if he hears! Let him come with thousands of aids and supports, to our call.
This verse expresses a conditional invitation to Indra. If he hears their call, he is asked to come with abundant help and numerous supports. It highlights the desire for Indra's presence and aid in their moment of need.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. आ घ गमत् यदि श्रवत् ā́ gha + gamat yádi śrávat (8 syllables)
- B. सहस्रिणीभिः ऊतिभिः sahasríṇībhiḥ ūtíbhiḥ (8 syllables)
- C. वाजेभिः उप नः हवम् vā́jebhiḥ úpa naḥ hávam (8 syllables)
आ (ā́)
Here, towards
घ (gha +)
indeed, surely (particle)
गमत् (gamat)
May he come
यदि (yádi)
If
श्रवत् (śrávat)
He hears
सहस्रिणीभिः (sahasríṇībhiḥ)
With thousands
ऊतिभिः (ūtíbhiḥ)
With helps, with aids
वाजेभिः (vā́jebhiḥ)
With strengths, with victories
उप (úpa)
Near, to
नः (naḥ)
Our
हवम् (hávam)
Call, invocation
Stanza 1.30.9
अनु॑ प्र॒त्नस्यौक॑सो हु॒वे तु॑विप्र॒तिं नर॑म् | यं ते॒ पूर्वं॑ पि॒ता हु॒वे ||
ánu pratnásyaúkaso huvé tuvipratíṁ náram yáṁ te pū́rvam pitā́ huvé
I call you, Indra, the powerful hero of our ancient home! Just as my father called upon you before, I call upon you now.
The worshipper calls upon Indra, describing him as a mighty hero who protects their ancient home. They specifically mention that their father also invoked this same powerful Indra in the past, establishing a lineage of devotion.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. अनु प्रत्नस्य ओकसः ánu pratnásya ókasaḥ (8 syllables)
- B. हुवे तुविप्रतिम् नरम् huvé tuvipratím náram (8 syllables)
- C. यं ते पूर्वम् पिता हुवे yám te pū́rvam pitā́ huvé (8 syllables)
अनु (ánu)
Following, along with
प्रत्नस्य (pratnásya)
Of the ancient
ओकसः (ókasaḥ)
Of the dwelling place, of the home
हुवे (huvé)
He called
तुविप्रतिम् (tuvipratím)
Possessing great might, very strong
नरम् (náram)
Hero, man
यं (yám)
Whom
ते (te)
Your
पूर्वम् (pū́rvam)
Formerly, in the past
पिता (pitā́)
Father
हुवे (huvé)
He called
Stanza 1.30.10
तं त्वा॑ व॒यं वि॑श्ववा॒रा शा॑स्महे पुरुहूत | सखे॑ वसो जरि॒तृभ्यः॑ ||
táṁ tvā vayáṁ viśvavārā́ śāsmahe puruhūta sákhe vaso jaritŕ̥bhyaḥ
O Indra, friend, much-invoked, all-providing! We learn from you and follow your ways, especially for the sake of those who praise you.
The worshippers address Indra as a friend, calling him by his epithets like 'all-providing' and 'much-invoked'. They express their intention to learn from him and follow his ways, seeking his guidance and support, especially for those who praise him.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. तम् त्वा वयम् विश्ववारा tám tvā vayám viśvavāra (8 syllables)
- B. आ शास्महे पुरुहूत ā́ śāsmahe puruhūta (8 syllables)
- C. सखे वसो जरितृभ्यः sákhe vaso jaritŕ̥bhyaḥ (8 syllables)
तम् (tám)
Him
त्वा (tvā)
You
वयम् (vayám)
We
विश्ववारा (viśvavāra)
Providing all, all-embracing
आ (ā́)
Towards
शास्महे (śāsmahe)
We learn, we are instructed
पुरुहूत (puruhūta)
Much invoked
सखे (sákhe)
O friend
वसो (vaso)
O dweller, O possessor of wealth
जरितृभ्यः (jaritŕ̥bhyaḥ)
For the singers, for the praisers
Stanza 1.30.11
अ॒स्माकं॑ शि॒प्रिणी॑नां॒ सोम॑पाः सोम॒पाव्ना॑म् | सखे॑ वज्रि॒न्त्सखी॑नाम् ||
asmā́kaṁ śipríṇīnāṁ sómapāḥ somapā́vnām sákhe vajrin sákhīnām
O Indra, drinker of Soma, wielder of the thunderbolt, friend! You are our friend, belonging to us, like our other friends.
The worshippers address Indra with several epithets: 'Soma-drinker', 'wielder of the thunderbolt', and 'friend'. They claim him as their friend, associating him with themselves and their own group, possibly implying a shared connection through rituals or devotion.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. अस्माकम् शिप्रिणीनाम् asmā́kam śipríṇīnām (8 syllables)
- B. सोमपाः सोमपाव्नाम् sómapāḥ somapā́vnām (8 syllables)
- C. सखे वज्रिन् सखीनाम् sákhe vajrin sákhīnām (8 syllables)
अस्माकम् (asmā́kam)
Our
शिप्रिणीनाम् (śipríṇīnām)
Of the beautiful-faced ones, possibly referring to goddesses or devoted women
सोमपाः (sómapāḥ)
O drinker of Soma
सोमपाव्नाम् (somapā́vnām)
Of the drinkers of Soma
सखे (sákhe)
O friend
वज्रिन् (vajrin)
O wielder of the thunderbolt
सखीनाम् (sákhīnām)
Of friends
Stanza 1.30.12
तथा॒ तद॑स्तु सोमपाः॒ सखे॑ वज्रि॒न्तथा॑ कृणु | यथा॑ त उ॒श्मसी॒ष्टये॑ ||
táthā tád astu somapāḥ sákhe vajrin táthā kr̥ṇu yáthā ta uśmásīṣṭáye
O Indra, Soma-drinker, wielder of the thunderbolt, friend! Let it be so, act like that, just as we wish for our desires to be fulfilled.
This is a plea to Indra to make things happen as the worshippers desire. They ask him to act accordingly, so that their wishes are fulfilled. It emphasizes their reliance on Indra's power to manifest their aspirations.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. तथा तत् अस्तु सोमपाः táthā tát astu somapāḥ (8 syllables)
- B. सखे वज्रिन् तथा कृणु sákhe vajrin táthā kr̥ṇu (8 syllables)
- C. यथा ते उश्मसि इष्टये yáthā te uśmási iṣṭáye (8 syllables)
तथा (táthā)
So, thus
तत् (tát)
That
अस्तु (astu)
May it be
सोमपाः (somapāḥ)
O drinker of Soma
सखे (sákhe)
O friend
वज्रिन् (vajrin)
O wielder of the thunderbolt
तथा (táthā)
So, thus
कृणु (kr̥ṇu)
Do, make
यथा (yáthā)
As, according to
ते (te)
Your
उश्मसि (uśmási)
We wish, we desire
इष्टये (iṣṭáye)
For the sake of desire, for attainment
Stanza 1.30.13
रे॒वती॑र्नः सध॒माद॒ इन्द्रे॑ सन्तु तु॒विवा॑जाः | क्षु॒मन्तो॒ याभि॒र्मदे॑म ||
revátīr naḥ sadhamā́da índre santu tuvívājāḥ kṣumánto yā́bhir mádema
May plentiful and strengthening companions be with us in Indra's company, with whom we can celebrate and rejoice.
This verse expresses a desire for joyful celebrations in the company of Indra. The worshippers wish for 'rich' and 'strengthening' companions or resources that will allow them to rejoice together with Indra, implying shared prosperity and happiness.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. रेवतीः नः सधमादे revátīḥ naḥ sadhamā́de (8 syllables)
- B. इन्द्रे सन्तु तुविवाजाः índre santu tuvívājāḥ (8 syllables)
- C. क्षुमन्तः याभिः मदेम kṣumántaḥ yā́bhiḥ mádema (8 syllables)
रेवतीः (revátīḥ)
Rich, abundant, prosperous
नः (naḥ)
Us
सधमादे (sadhamā́de)
In the company, in the feast, in fellowship
इन्द्रे (índre)
In Indra
सन्तु (santu)
May they be
तुविवाजाः (tuvívājāḥ)
Possessing great strength or abundance
क्षुमन्तः (kṣumántaḥ)
Possessing food, well-fed, nourishing
याभिः (yā́bhiḥ)
With which
मदेम (mádema)
May we rejoice, may we be delighted
Stanza 1.30.14
आ घ॒ त्वावा॒न्त्मना॒प्तः स्तो॒तृभ्यो॑ धृष्णविया॒नः | ऋ॒णोरक्षं॒ न च॒क्र्योः॑ ||
ā́ gha tvā́vān tmánāptá stotŕ̥bhyo dhr̥ṣṇav iyānáḥ r̥ṇór ákṣaṁ ná cakryòḥ
You, Indra, friend of the singers, yourself are close and moving, like the axle of a chariot, O bold one, turning with power.
This verse compares Indra's actions to the turning of a chariot wheel. It describes Indra, the 'friend of the singers', as being close ('āptah') and moving energetically ('iyānah') like the axle of a chariot, suggesting his pivotal role and responsiveness to his devotees.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. आ घ त्वावान् त्मना आप्तः ā́ gha tvā́vān tmánā āptáḥ (8 syllables)
- B. स्तोतृभ्यः धृष्णो इयानाः stotŕ̥bhyaḥ dhr̥ṣṇo iyānáḥ (8 syllables)
- C. ऋणोः अक्षम् न चक्र्योः r̥ṇóḥ ákṣam ná cakryòḥ (8 syllables)
आ (ā́)
Indeed
घ (gha)
Indeed
त्वावान् (tvā́vān)
You yourself
त्मना (tmánā)
By oneself, with oneself
आप्तः (āptáḥ)
Reached, attained, near
स्तोतृभ्यः (stotŕ̥bhyaḥ)
To the singers, to the praisers
धृष्णो (dhr̥ṣṇo)
O bold one, O courageous one
इयानाः (iyānáḥ)
Moving, going
ऋणोः (r̥ṇóḥ)
You make turn, you move
अक्षम् (ákṣam)
Axle
न (ná)
Like
चक्र्योः (cakryòḥ)
Of the pair of wheels
Stanza 1.30.15
आ यद्दुवः॑ शतक्रत॒वा कामं॑ जरितॄ॒णाम् | ऋ॒णोरक्षं॒ न शची॑भिः ||
ā́ yád dúvaḥ śatakratav ā́ kā́maṁ jaritr̥r̥ṇā́m r̥ṇór ákṣaṁ ná śácībhiḥ
O Indra of a hundred powers, why do you move so vigorously, like the axle, to fulfill the desires of the singers with your strength?
This verse continues the imagery of Indra's powerful movement, comparing him to a chariot axle. It asks Indra, the 'Lord of a Hundred Powers', why he moves like this, implying it's to please the singers and fulfill their desires with his strength.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. आ यत् दुवः शतक्रतो ā́ yát dúvaḥ śatakrato (8 syllables)
- B. आ कामम् जरितॄणाम् ā́ kā́mam jaritr̥̄ṇā́m (9 syllables)
- C. ऋणोः अक्षम् न शचीभिः r̥ṇóḥ ákṣam ná śácībhiḥ (8 syllables)
आ (ā́)
Towards
यत् (yát)
That which
दुवः (dúvaḥ)
Service, act, deed
शतक्रतो (śatakrato)
O Indra of a hundred powers
आ (ā́)
Towards
कामम् (kā́mam)
Desire, wish
जरितॄणाम् (jaritr̥̄ṇā́m)
Of the singers, of the praisers
ऋणोः (r̥ṇóḥ)
You make turn, you move
अक्षम् (ákṣam)
Axle
न (ná)
Like
शचीभिः (śácībhiḥ)
With strengths, with powers
Stanza 1.30.16
शश्व॒दिन्द्रः॒ पोप्रु॑थद्भिर्जिगाय॒ नान॑दद्भिः॒ शाश्व॑सद्भि॒र्धना॑नि | स नो॑ हिरण्यर॒थं दं॒सना॑वा॒न्त्स नः॑ सनि॒ता स॒नये॒ स नो॑ऽदात् ||
śáśvad índraḥ pópruthadbhir jigāya nā́nadadbhiḥ śā́śvasadbhir dhánāni sá no hiraṇyaratháṁ daṁsánāvān sá naḥ sanitā́ sanáye sá no 'dāt
Indra, with his neighing, roaring, and snorting horses, has always won treasures. He has given us a golden chariot, the giver who bestows gifts upon us.
This verse celebrates Indra's consistent victories, attributing them to his powerful horses and his own resounding might. He is described as constantly winning treasures. The verse concludes with Indra giving a golden chariot to the worshippers, signifying his generosity and support.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. शश्वत् इन्द्रः पोप्रुथद्भिः जिगाय śáśvat índraḥ pópruthadbhiḥ jigāya (11 syllables)
- B. नानदद्भिः शाश्वसद्भिः धनानि nā́nadadbhiḥ śā́śvasadbhiḥ dhánāni (11 syllables)
- C. स नः हिरण्यरथम् दंसनावाम् sá naḥ hiraṇyarathám daṃsánāvān (11 syllables)
- D. स नः सनिता सनये स नः दात् sá naḥ sanitā́ sanáye sá naḥ dāt (11 syllables)
शश्वत् (śáśvat)
Always, constantly
इन्द्रः (índraḥ)
Indra
पोप्रुथद्भिः (pópruthadbhiḥ)
With those who champ loudly (horses)
जिगाय (jigāya)
He conquered, he won
नानदद्भिः (nā́nadadbhiḥ)
With those who neigh loudly
शाश्वसद्भिः (śā́śvasadbhiḥ)
With those who breathe loudly, snort
धनानि (dhánāni)
Treasures, riches
स (sá)
He
नः (naḥ)
To us
हिरण्यरथम् (hiraṇyarathám)
Golden chariot
दंसनावाम् (daṃsánāvān)
Possessing skill, powerful
स (sá)
He
नः (naḥ)
To us
सनिता (sanitā́)
Giver, bestower
सनये (sanáye)
For gaining, for obtaining
स (sá)
He
नः (naḥ)
To us
दात् (dāt)
Gives
Stanza 1.30.17
आश्वि॑ना॒वश्वा॑वत्ये॒षा या॑तं॒ शवी॑रया | गोम॑द्दस्रा॒ हिर॑ण्यवत् ||
ā́śvināv áśvāvatyeṣā́ yātaṁ śávīrayā gómad dasrā híraṇyavat
O Ashvins, come with your swift horses and enduring strength! Come, you whose deeds are wondrous, rich with horses, cattle, and gold.
This verse is an invocation to the Ashvins, the divine twin physicians. They are asked to come with their powerful steeds, their strength, and their chariot that is rich in horses, cattle, and gold. They are addressed as 'wondrous deeded ones' for their miraculous abilities.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. आ अश्विना अश्वावत्या ā́ aśvinau áśvāvatyā (8 syllables)
- B. इषा यांत शवीर्या iṣā́ yātam śávīrayā (8 syllables)
- C. गोमत् दस्रा हिरण्यवत् gómat dasrā híraṇyavat (8 syllables)
आ (ā́)
Come
अश्विना (aśvinau)
O Ashvins (divine twin physicians)
अश्वावत्या (áśvāvatyā)
With abundance of horses
इषा (iṣā́)
With strength, with vigor
यांत (yātam)
Come ye (dual)
शवीर्या (śávīrayā)
With strength, with might
गोमत् (gómat)
Rich in cattle
दस्रा (dasrā)
O wondrous deeded ones (Ashvins)
हिरण्यवत् (híraṇyavat)
Rich in gold
Stanza 1.30.18
स॒मा॒नयो॑जनो॒ हि वां॒ रथो॑ दस्रा॒वम॑र्त्यः | स॒मु॒द्रे अ॑श्वि॒नेय॑ते ||
samānáyojano hí vāṁ rátho dasrāv ámartyaḥ samudré aśvinéyate
Your chariot, O Ashvins, is yoked together equally for both of you, it is immortal, and it travels across the ocean.
This verse describes the Ashvins' chariot as being equally yoked for both of them and immortal. It states that their chariot travels over the ocean, highlighting their divine and extraordinary nature, capable of traversing vast and unexpected realms.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. समानयोजनः हि वां samānáyojanaḥ hí vām (8 syllables)
- B. रथः दस्रौ अमर्त्यः ráthaḥ dasrau ámartyaḥ (8 syllables)
- C. समुद्रे अश्विना ईयते samudré aśvinā ī́yate (8 syllables)
समानयोजनः (samānáyojanaḥ)
Equally yoked, joined together
हि (hí)
Indeed
वां (vām)
Your (dual)
रथः (ráthaḥ)
Chariot
दस्रौ (dasrau)
O wondrous deeded ones (Ashvins)
अमर्त्यः (ámartyaḥ)
Immortal
समुद्रे (samudré)
In the ocean, in the sea
अश्विना (aśvinā)
O Ashvins
ईयते (ī́yate)
It travels, it moves
Stanza 1.30.19
न्य१॒॑घ्न्यस्य॑ मू॒र्धनि॑ च॒क्रं रथ॑स्य येमथुः | परि॒ द्याम॒न्यदी॑यते ||
ny àghnyásya mūrdháni cakráṁ ráthasya yemathuḥ pári dyā́m anyád īyate
One wheel of the chariot you place on the forehead of the bull, and the other moves around the sky; it travels widely.
This verse describes the movement of the Ashvins' chariot wheels. One wheel is placed on the forehead of a divine bull (possibly representing strength or the sky), while the other moves around the sky. This imagery suggests their cosmic reach and control over different realms.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. नि अघ्न्यस्य मूर्धनि ní aghnyásya mūrdháni (8 syllables)
- B. चक्रम् रथस्य येमथुः cakrám ráthasya yemathuḥ (8 syllables)
- C. परि द्याम् अन्यत् ईयते pári dyā́m anyát īyate (8 syllables)
नि (ní)
Down, upon
अघ्न्यस्य (aghnyásya)
Of the bull (one that cannot be killed, often referring to a divine bull)
मूर्धनि (mūrdháni)
On the forehead, on the head
चक्रम् (cakrám)
Wheel
रथस्य (ráthasya)
Of the chariot
येमथुः (yemathuḥ)
You (dual) placed, you fixed
परि (pári)
Around
द्याम् (dyā́m)
The sky, heaven
अन्यत् (anyát)
The other
ईयते (īyate)
It moves, it goes
Stanza 1.30.20
कस्त॑ उषः कधप्रिये भु॒जे मर्तो॑ अमर्त्ये | कं न॑क्षसे विभावरि ||
kás ta uṣaḥ kadhapriye bhujé márto amartye káṁ nakṣase vibhāvari
O Dawn, O radiant one, which mortal enjoys you? O immortal goddess, to whom do you go? To whom do you direct your radiant light?
This verse is a direct address to the dawn goddess Ushas and the radiant Vibhavari. The speaker questions which mortal enjoys her presence and which immortal she favors. It's a query about her divine favor and where her attention is directed.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. कः ते उषः कधप्रिये káḥ te uṣaḥ kadhapriye (8 syllables)
- B. भुजे मर्तः अमर्त्ये bhujé mártaḥ amartye (8 syllables)
- C. कम् नक्षसे विभावरी kám nakṣase vibhāvari (8 syllables)
कः (káḥ)
Who
ते (te)
You
उषः (uṣaḥ)
O Dawn
कधप्रिये (kadhapriye)
O beloved of Kadhu (a mythical being or perhaps referring to a type of affection)
भुजे (bhujé)
To enjoy, to possess
मर्तः (mártaḥ)
Mortal man
अमर्त्ये (amartye)
O immortal one
कम् (kám)
Whom
नक्षसे (nakṣase)
You approach, you reach
विभावरी (vibhāvari)
O radiant one, O shining one
Stanza 1.30.21
व॒यं हि ते॒ अम॑न्म॒ह्यान्ता॒दा प॑रा॒कात् | अश्वे॒ न चि॑त्रे अरुषि ||
vayáṁ hí te ámanmahy ā́ntād ā́ parākā́t áśve ná citre aruṣi
For we have thought of you, O Dawn, whether you were near or far away. You are like a dappled, red-hued horse.
The speaker reflects on their constant thoughts of Ushas, whether she is near or far. They compare her appearance to a dappled mare, specifically a red-hued one, emphasizing her beauty and dynamic presence that is always in their minds.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. वयम् हि ते अमन्महि vayám hí te ámanmahi (8 syllables)
- B. आ अन्तात् आ पराकात् ā́ ántāt ā́ parākā́t (8 syllables)
- C. अश्वे न चित्रे अरुषि áśve ná citre aruṣi (8 syllables)
वयम् (vayám)
We
हि (hí)
Indeed
ते (te)
Your
अमन्महि (ámanmahi)
We have thought, we have perceived
आ (ā́)
Far
अन्तात् (ántāt)
From the end, from near
आ (ā́)
Far
पराकात् (parākā́t)
From afar
अश्वे (áśve)
O horse
न (ná)
Like
चित्रे (citre)
Dappled, variegated
अरुषि (aruṣi)
Red-hued, reddish
Stanza 1.30.22
त्वं त्येभि॒रा ग॑हि॒ वाजे॑भिर्दुहितर्दिवः | अ॒स्मे र॒यिं नि धा॑रय ||
tváṁ tyébhir ā́ gahi vā́jebhir duhitar divaḥ asmé rayíṁ ní dhāraya
O Ushas, daughter of the sky, come with these (strengthening) powers! Send down riches to us.
This is a final plea to Ushas, the Dawn, addressed as the 'daughter of the sky'. The worshippers ask her to come with her strengthening powers and to bestow riches upon them. It's a request for divine favor and material prosperity.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. त्वम् त्येभिः आ गहि tvám tyébhiḥ ā́ gahi (8 syllables)
- B. वाजेभिः दुहितर दिवः vā́jebhiḥ duhitar divaḥ (8 syllables)
- C. अस्मे रयिम् नि धारय asmé rayím ní dhāraya (8 syllables)
त्वम् (tvám)
You
त्येभिः (tyébhiḥ)
With these
आ (ā́)
Here
गहि (gahi)
Come
वाजेभिः (vā́jebhiḥ)
With strengths, with powers
दुहितर (duhitar)
O daughter
दिवः (divaḥ)
Of the sky, of heaven
अस्मे (asmé)
Upon us
रयिम् (rayím)
Riches, wealth
नि (ní)
Down
धारय (dhāraya)
Pour, bestow