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Stanza 1.24.1
कस्य॑ नू॒नं क॑त॒मस्या॒मृता॑नां॒ मना॑महे॒ चारु॑ दे॒वस्य॒ नाम॑ | को नो॑ म॒ह्या अदि॑तये॒ पुन॑र्दात्पि॒तरं॑ च दृ॒शेयं॑ मा॒तरं॑ च ||
kásya nūnáṁ katamásyāmŕ̥tānām mánāmahe cā́ru devásya nā́ma kó no mahyā́ áditaye púnar dāt pitáraṁ ca dr̥śéyam mātáraṁ ca
Hey, who is this incredible god right now? Among all the immortals, whose wonderful name should we call upon? Who will return us to mighty Aditi, so I can see my father and mother again?
This verse is a heartfelt plea from the Rishi. He's asking, 'Who among the gods and the immortal beings is this amazing deity whose name we should be thinking about? Who can bring us back to our parents, Aditi and her great family, so we can see them again?' It's a question about divine connection and the desire to be reunited with loved ones and the divine.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. कस्य नू॒नं कत॒मस्या॒मृता॑नां अ॒मृता॑नां kásya nūnám katamásya amŕ̥tānām (11 syllables)
- B. मना॑महे चारु॑ दे॒वस्य नाम mánāmahe cā́ru devásya nā́ma (11 syllables)
- C. को नो मह्या अदि॑तये पुन॑र् दात् káḥ naḥ mahyaí áditaye púnar dāt (11 syllables)
- D. पि॒तरं च दृ॒शेयं मा॒तरं च pitáram ca dr̥śéyam mātáram ca (11 syllables)
कस्य (kásya)
whose
नू॒नं (nūnám)
now, indeed
कत॒मस्या॒मृता॑नां (katamásya)
of which one
अ॒मृता॑नां (amŕ̥tānām)
of the immortals
मना॑महे (mánāmahe)
we think of, we honor
चारु॑ (cā́ru)
beautiful, lovely
दे॒वस्य (devásya)
of the god
नाम (nā́ma)
name
को (káḥ)
who
नो (naḥ)
us
मह्या (mahyaí)
to the great
अदि॑तये (áditaye)
to Aditi
पुन॑र् (púnar)
again
दात् (dāt)
may give
पि॒तरं (pitáram)
father
च (ca)
and
दृ॒शेयं (dr̥śéyam)
may I see
मा॒तरं (mātáram)
mother
च (ca)
and
Stanza 1.24.2
अ॒ग्नेर्व॒यं प्र॑थ॒मस्या॒मृता॑नां॒ मना॑महे॒ चारु॑ दे॒वस्य॒ नाम॑ | स नो॑ म॒ह्या अदि॑तये॒ पुन॑र्दात्पि॒तरं॑ च दृ॒शेयं॑ मा॒तरं॑ च ||
agnér vayám prathamásyāmŕ̥tānām mánāmahe cā́ru devásya nā́ma sá no mahyā́ áditaye púnar dāt pitáraṁ ca dr̥śéyam mātáraṁ ca
We call to mind the wonderful name of Agni, the first among the immortals. May he return us to mighty Aditi, so that I may see my father and mother again.
The Rishi identifies the deity as Agni, the foremost among the immortals. He expresses the desire to remember Agni's wonderful name and prays that Agni will restore them to Aditi's grace, allowing them to see their parents again. This verse highlights Agni's prominence and the hope for divine intervention in reconnecting with the divine family.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. अ॒ग्नेर्व व॒यं प्रथ॒मस्या॒मृता॑नां अ॒मृता॑नां agnéḥ vayám prathamásya amŕ̥tānām (11 syllables)
- B. मना॑महे चारु दे॒वस्य नाम mánāmahe cā́ru devásya nā́ma (11 syllables)
- C. स नो मह्या अदि॑तये पुन॑र् दात् sá naḥ mahyaí áditaye púnar dāt (11 syllables)
- D. पि॒तरं च दृ॒शेयं मा॒तरं च pitáram ca dr̥śéyam mātáram ca (11 syllables)
अ॒ग्नेर्व (agnéḥ)
of Agni
व॒यं (vayám)
we
प्रथ॒मस्या॒मृता॑नां (prathamásya)
of the first
अ॒मृता॑नां (amŕ̥tānām)
of the immortals
मना॑महे (mánāmahe)
we remember, we praise
चारु (cā́ru)
lovely, beautiful
दे॒वस्य (devásya)
of the god
नाम (nā́ma)
name
स (sá)
he
नो (naḥ)
us
मह्या (mahyaí)
to the great
अदि॑तये (áditaye)
to Aditi
पुन॑र् (púnar)
again
दात् (dāt)
may give
पि॒तरं (pitáram)
father
च (ca)
and
दृ॒शेयं (dr̥śéyam)
may I see
मा॒तरं (mātáram)
mother
च (ca)
and
Stanza 1.24.3
अ॒भि त्वा॑ देव सवित॒रीशा॑नं॒ वार्या॑णाम् | सदा॑वन्भा॒गमी॑महे ||
abhí tvā deva savitar ī́śānaṁ vā́ryāṇām sádāvan bhāgám īmahe
O Savitr, Lord of all desirable things, who constantly helps us, we approach you seeking our share.
The Rishi addresses Savitr, the god of the sun, acknowledging him as the Lord of desires and the one who helps continuously. They express their intention to approach him to receive their share of blessings and resources, highlighting Savitr's role as a bestower of prosperity and support.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. अभि त्वा दे॒व सवि॒तर abhí tvā deva savitar (8 syllables)
- B. ईशा॑नं वार्या॑णाम् ī́śānam vā́ryāṇām (8 syllables)
- C. सदा॑ अ॒वन भा॒गमी॑महे ईमहे sádā avan bhāgám īmahe (8 syllables)
अभि (abhí)
towards
त्वा (tvā)
you
दे॒व (deva)
O god
सवि॒तर (savitar)
O Savitr
ईशा॑नं (ī́śānam)
ruling, possessing power
वार्या॑णाम् (vā́ryāṇām)
of the desirable things
सदा॑ (sádā)
always
अ॒वन (avan)
O helper
भा॒गमी॑महे (bhāgám)
share, portion
ईमहे (īmahe)
we seek, we go towards
Stanza 1.24.4
यश्चि॒द्धि त॑ इ॒त्था भगः॑ शशमा॒नः पु॒रा नि॒दः | अ॒द्वे॒षो हस्त॑योर्द॒धे ||
yáś cid dhí ta itthā́ bhágaḥ śaśamānáḥ purā́ nidáḥ adveṣó hástayor dadhé
Indeed, this wealth, O god, which is highly praised, which was placed, free from hatred, in your hands, that is your blessing.
This verse speaks of wealth, described as 'Bhaga', that is highly valued even before any problems arise. It's something that is placed, free from hatred, in the hands of the divine. This implies a trust in divine provision and protection, where wealth is seen as a sacred gift held safe by the gods.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. यश् चि॒ हि त इ॒त्था भगः yáḥ cit hí te itthā́ bhágaḥ (8 syllables)
- B. शशमा॒नः पु॒रा नि॒दः śaśamānáḥ purā́ nidáḥ (8 syllables)
- C. अ॒द्वे॒षो हस्त॑योः द॒धे adveṣáḥ hástayoḥ dadhé (8 syllables)
यश् (yáḥ)
which
चि॒ (cit)
indeed
हि (hí)
indeed
त (te)
to you
इ॒त्था (itthā́)
in this way
भगः (bhágaḥ)
wealth, fortune, Bhaga
शशमा॒नः (śaśamānáḥ)
praised, lauded
पु॒रा (purā́)
before
नि॒दः (nidáḥ)
from reproach, from blame
अ॒द्वे॒षो (adveṣáḥ)
without hatred, free from enmity
हस्त॑योः (hástayoḥ)
in the hands
द॒धे (dadhé)
he placed, he holds
Stanza 1.24.5
भग॑भक्तस्य ते व॒यमुद॑शेम॒ तवाव॑सा | मू॒र्धानं॑ रा॒य आ॒रभे॑ ||
bhágabhaktasya te vayám úd aśema távā́vasā mūrdhā́naṁ rāyá ārábhe
Through your protection, may we reach the highest point of wealth, which we lay claim to.
This verse expresses a desire to be uplifted and to reach the peak of prosperity, invoking the divine assistance of 'Bhaga' (fortune or the divine) and the grace of the gods. The phrase 'ārabhe' suggests an aspiration or a journey towards this elevated state, emphasizing the role of divine support in achieving abundance.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. भग॑भक्तस्य ते व॒यमुद॑शेम bhágabhaktasya te vayám (8 syllables)
- B. उद शेम तवाव अवसा út aśema táva ávasā (8 syllables)
- C. मू॒र्धानं रा॒य आ॒रभे mūrdhā́nam rāyáḥ ārábhe (8 syllables)
भग॑भक्तस्य (bhágabhaktasya)
of the devotee of Bhaga
ते (te)
your
व॒यमुद॑शेम (vayám)
we
उद (út)
upward, forth
शेम (aśema)
may we reach, may we attain
तवाव (táva)
your
अवसा (ávasā)
by protection, by help
मू॒र्धानं (mūrdhā́nam)
the head, the highest point
रा॒य (rāyáḥ)
of wealth
आ॒रभे (ārábhe)
to lay hold of, to reach for
Stanza 1.24.6
न॒हि ते॑ क्ष॒त्रं न सहो॒ न म॒न्युं वय॑श्च॒नामी प॒तय॑न्त आ॒पुः | नेमा आपो॑ अनिमि॒षं चर॑न्ती॒र्न ये वात॑स्य प्रमि॒नन्त्यभ्व॑म् ||
nahí te kṣatráṁ ná sáho ná manyúṁ váyaś canā́mī́ patáyanta āpúḥ némā́ ā́po animiṣáṁ cárantīr ná yé vā́tasya praminánty ábhvam
Never have the birds flying through the sky reached your power, nor the waters flowing ceaselessly, nor the mountains that calm the wind.
This verse asserts the supreme power of the divine (implied to be Varuna, given the context of the hymn). It states that no flying birds, nor ever-flowing waters, nor even mountains that tame the wind, have ever reached or surpassed this divine dominion, might, or spirit. It emphasizes the unparalleled and invincible nature of the divine power.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. नहि ते क्ष॒त्रं न स॒हो न म॒न्युं nahí te kṣatrám ná sáhaḥ ná manyúm (11 syllables)
- B. वय॑ च॒नामी प॒तय॑न्त प॒तय॑न्त आ॒पुः váyaḥ caná amī́ patáyantaḥ āpúḥ (11 syllables)
- C. न इमा आपो॑ अनिमि॒षं चर॑न्तीः ná imā́ḥ ā́paḥ animiṣám cárantīḥ (11 syllables)
- D. न ये वा॒तस्य प्रमि॒नन्त्यभ्व॑म् अ॒भ्वम् ná yé vā́tasya praminánti ábhvam (11 syllables)
नहि (nahí)
not
ते (te)
your
क्ष॒त्रं (kṣatrám)
dominion, power
न (ná)
nor
स॒हो (sáhaḥ)
strength, might
न (ná)
nor
म॒न्युं (manyúm)
mind, spirit
वय॑ (váyaḥ)
birds
च॒नामी (caná)
even
प॒तय॑न्त (amī́)
those
प॒तय॑न्त (patáyantaḥ)
flying
आ॒पुः (āpúḥ)
reached, attained
न (ná)
nor
इमा (imā́ḥ)
these
आपो॑ (ā́paḥ)
waters
अनिमि॒षं (animiṣám)
unceasingly, without blinking
चर॑न्तीः (cárantīḥ)
flowing, moving
न (ná)
nor
ये (yé)
which
वा॒तस्य (vā́tasya)
of the wind
प्रमि॒नन्त्यभ्व॑म् (praminánti)
overcome, subdue
अ॒भ्वम् (ábhvam)
the immensity, the vastness
Stanza 1.24.7
अ॒बु॒ध्ने राजा॒ वरु॑णो॒ वन॑स्यो॒र्ध्वं स्तूपं॑ ददते पू॒तद॑क्षः | नी॒चीनाः॑ स्थुरु॒परि॑ बु॒ध्न ए॑षाम॒स्मे अ॒न्तर्निहि॑ताः के॒तवः॑ स्युः ||
abudhné rā́jā váruṇo vánasyordhváṁ stū́paṁ dadate pūtádakṣaḥ nīcī́nā sthur upári budhná eṣām asmé antár níhitāḥ ketávaḥ syuḥ
King Varuna upholds the essence of the forest in the boundless space. His pure power holds the trunk high. May these downward-streaming rays, whose roots are high above, be hidden deep within us.
This verse describes Varuna, the king, as the sustainer of the cosmic tree ('vanasya') in a space without a base. He holds the 'stupa' (perhaps meaning trunk or essence) upright. The verse visualizes rays of this cosmic entity streaming downwards, and the Rishi prays for these divine energies to be deeply embedded within them, becoming hidden within their inner being.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. अ॒बु॒ध्ने राजा व॒रु॑णो वन॑स्यो abudhné rā́jā váruṇaḥ vánasya (11 syllables)
- B. ऊ॒र्ध्वं स्तूपं ददते पू॒तद॑क्षः ūrdhvám stū́pam dadate pūtádakṣaḥ (11 syllables)
- C. नी॒चीनाः स्थुरु उपरि बु॒ध्न ए॒षाम nīcī́nāḥ sthuḥ upári budhnáḥ eṣām (11 syllables)
- D. अ॒स्मे अ॒न्तर् निहि॑ताः के॒तवः स्युः asmé antár níhitāḥ ketávaḥ syuḥ (11 syllables)
अ॒बु॒ध्ने (abudhné)
in the bottomless space
राजा (rā́jā)
king
व॒रु॑णो (váruṇaḥ)
Varuna
वन॑स्यो (vánasya)
of the forest, of the wood
ऊ॒र्ध्वं (ūrdhvám)
upward
स्तूपं (stū́pam)
trunk, essence
ददते (dadate)
he upholds, he holds
पू॒तद॑क्षः (pūtádakṣaḥ)
of pure power, of purified strength
नी॒चीनाः (nīcī́nāḥ)
downward-streaming
स्थुरु (sthuḥ)
they stand
उपरि (upári)
above
बु॒ध्न (budhnáḥ)
root, base
ए॒षाम (eṣām)
of them
अ॒स्मे (asmé)
within us
अ॒न्तर् (antár)
within
निहि॑ताः (níhitāḥ)
placed, hidden
के॒तवः (ketávaḥ)
rays, lights
स्युः (syuḥ)
may they be
Stanza 1.24.8
उ॒रुं हि राजा॒ वरु॑णश्च॒कार॒ सूर्या॑य॒ पन्था॒मन्वे॑त॒वा उ॑ | अ॒पदे॒ पादा॒ प्रति॑धातवेऽकरु॒ताप॑व॒क्ता हृ॑दया॒विध॑श्चित् ||
urúṁ hí rā́jā váruṇaś cakā́ra sū́ryāya pánthām ánvetavā́ u apáde pā́dā prátidhātave 'kar utā́pavaktā́ hr̥dayāvídhaś cit
King Varuna made a wide path for the sun to travel. Where there was no path, he made a place for his feet, and he warned away dangers that could trouble the spirit.
This verse praises Varuna for creating a vast and clear path for the sun to travel. It emphasizes his power to establish a way even in seemingly impossible places ('apade' - where there is no foothold). Varuna is further depicted as a protector who warns away spiritual afflictions, making the journey safe and clear.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. उ॒रुं हि राजा व॒रु॑णः च॒कार urúm hí rā́jā váruṇaḥ cakā́ra (11 syllables)
- B. सूर्या॑य प॒न्था॒म अ॒न्वे॒त॒वा उ sū́ryāya pánthām ánvetavaí u (11 syllables)
- C. अ॒पदे पादा प्रति॑धातवे अ॒करु apáde pā́dā prátidhātave kar (11 syllables)
- D. उ॒त अ॒पव॑क्ता हृ॒दया॒विध॑ चि॒त् utá apavaktā́ hr̥dayāvídhaḥ cit (11 syllables)
उ॒रुं (urúm)
wide, spacious
हि (hí)
indeed
राजा (rā́jā)
king
व॒रु॑णः (váruṇaḥ)
Varuna
च॒कार (cakā́ra)
he made
सूर्या॑य (sū́ryāya)
for the sun
प॒न्था॒म (pánthām)
pathway
अ॒न्वे॒त॒वा (ánvetavaí)
for going along
उ (u)
and
अ॒पदे (apáde)
where there is no place/foothold
पादा (pā́dā)
footsteps
प्रति॑धातवे (prátidhātave)
for setting, for placing
अ॒करु (kar)
he made
उ॒त (utá)
and
अ॒पव॑क्ता (apavaktā́)
the warder off, the one who warns away
हृ॒दया॒विध॑ (hr̥dayāvídhaḥ)
of that which pierces the heart, afflicting the spirit
चि॒त् (cit)
even
Stanza 1.24.9
श॒तं ते॑ राजन्भि॒षजः॑ स॒हस्र॑मु॒र्वी ग॑भी॒रा सु॑म॒तिष्टे॑ अस्तु | बाध॑स्व दू॒रे निर्ऋ॑तिं परा॒चैः कृ॒तं चि॒देनः॒ प्र मु॑मुग्ध्य॒स्मत् ||
śatáṁ te rājan bhiṣájaḥ sahásram urvī́ gabhīrā́ sumatíṣ ṭe astu bā́dhasva dūré nírr̥tim parācaíḥ kr̥táṁ cid énaḥ prá mumugdhy asmát
O King, may a hundred remedies and a thousand great and deep favors be yours. Drive away disaster far from us, and release us from the sins we have committed.
The Rishi implores Varuna, the great king, to accept their hundred 'balms' (remedies or offerings) and thousand 'favors'. They ask for his wide and deep goodwill. The verse concludes with a plea for Varuna to banish 'Nirriti' (calamity or misfortune) far away and to release them from any committed sins, highlighting Varuna's role as a healer and remover of suffering.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. श॒तं ते रा॒जन् भि॒षजः स॒हस्र॑मु śatám te rājan bhiṣájaḥ sahásram (11 syllables)
- B. उ॒र्वी ग॒भी॒रा सु॒मतिष्टे ते अस्तु urvī́ gabhīrā́ sumatíḥ te astu (11 syllables)
- C. बाध॑स्व दू॒रे नि॒र्ऋतिं प॒रा॒चैः bā́dhasva dūré nírr̥tim parācaís (11 syllables)
- D. कृ॒तं चि॒देनः एनः प्र मुमुग्ध्य॒स्मत् अ॒स्मत् kr̥tám cit énaḥ prá mumugdhi asmát (11 syllables)
श॒तं (śatám)
a hundred
ते (te)
your
रा॒जन् (rājan)
O King
भि॒षजः (bhiṣájaḥ)
healers, remedies
स॒हस्र॑मु (sahásram)
a thousand
उ॒र्वी (urvī́)
wide
ग॒भी॒रा (gabhīrā́)
deep
सु॒मतिष्टे (sumatíḥ)
goodwill, favor
ते (te)
your
अस्तु (astu)
may it be
बाध॑स्व (bā́dhasva)
banish, push away
दू॒रे (dūré)
far away
नि॒र्ऋतिं (nírr̥tim)
calamity, misfortune
प॒रा॒चैः (parācaís)
far off
कृ॒तं (kr̥tám)
done, committed
चि॒देनः (cit)
even
एनः (énaḥ)
sin, offense
प्र (prá)
forth, away
मुमुग्ध्य॒स्मत् (mumugdhi)
release, set free
अ॒स्मत् (asmát)
from us
Stanza 1.24.10
अ॒मी य ऋक्षा॒ निहि॑तास उ॒च्चा नक्तं॒ ददृ॑श्रे॒ कुह॑ चि॒द्दिवे॑युः | अद॑ब्धानि॒ वरु॑णस्य व्र॒तानि॑ वि॒चाक॑शच्च॒न्द्रमा॒ नक्त॑मेति ||
amī́ yá ŕ̥kṣā níhitāsa uccā́ náktaṁ dádr̥śre kúha cid díveyuḥ ádabdhāni váruṇasya vratā́ni vicā́kaśac candrámā náktam eti
Where do those stars, fixed high in the night, go by day? Varuna's unbreakable laws remain. The moon shines brightly through the night.
This verse marvels at the celestial bodies. It questions where the stars, fixed high in the night sky, go during the day. It then affirms that Varuna's cosmic laws ('vratani') are unbreakable and unyielding ('adabdhani'). The verse concludes by observing the moon ('chandramāḥ') shining brightly through the night, reinforcing the idea of divine order and constancy amidst cosmic movement.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. अ॒मी य ऋक्षा निहि॑तास उ॒च्चा amī́ yé ŕ̥kṣāḥ níhitāsaḥ uccā́ (11 syllables)
- B. नक्त॑मेति ददृ॑श्रे कुह चि॒द दि॒वे इ॒युः náktam dádr̥śre kúha cit dívā īyuḥ (11 syllables)
- C. अ॒द॒ब्धानि व॒रु॑णस्य व्र॒तानि ádabdhāni váruṇasya vratā́ni (11 syllables)
- D. वि॒चाक॑शच्च च॒न्द्रमा नक्त॑मेति एति vicā́kaśat candrámāḥ náktam eti (11 syllables)
अ॒मी (amī́)
those
य (yé)
which
ऋक्षा (ŕ̥kṣāḥ)
stars, constellations
निहि॑तास (níhitāsaḥ)
placed, fixed
उ॒च्चा (uccā́)
high up
नक्त॑मेति (náktam)
at night
ददृ॑श्रे (dádr̥śre)
were seen, appeared
कुह (kúha)
where
चि॒द (cit)
even
दि॒वे (dívā)
by day
इ॒युः (īyuḥ)
they went
अ॒द॒ब्धानि (ádabdhāni)
unfailing, unbreakable
व॒रु॑णस्य (váruṇasya)
of Varuna
व्र॒तानि (vratā́ni)
vows, laws, ordinances
वि॒चाक॑शच्च (vicā́kaśat)
shining brightly, clearly visible
च॒न्द्रमा (candrámāḥ)
the moon
नक्त॑मेति (náktam)
at night
एति (eti)
he goes, he moves
Stanza 1.24.11
तत्त्वा॑ यामि॒ ब्रह्म॑णा॒ वन्द॑मान॒स्तदा शा॑स्ते॒ यज॑मानो ह॒विर्भिः॑ | अहे॑ळमानो वरुणे॒ह बो॒ध्युरु॑शंस॒ मा न॒ आयुः॒ प्र मो॑षीः ||
tát tvā yāmi bráhmaṇā vándamānas tád ā́ śāste yájamāno havírbhiḥ áheḷamāno varuṇehá bodhy úruśaṁsa mā́ na ā́yuḥ prá moṣīḥ
I come to you with prayer, O Varuna, and the worshipper with offerings. Be attentive here, O great one, and do not, O wide-ruler, take away our life.
The Rishi approaches Varuna with prayers and offerings ('brahmaṇa', 'havirbhiḥ'), seeking his attention and favor. He prays that Varuna, the 'wide-ruler' ('uruśamsa'), will listen and not be displeased ('aheḷamānaḥ'), and most importantly, will not steal their life force. This is a plea for divine grace, understanding, and the preservation of life.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. तदा त्वा यामि ब्रह्म॑णा वन्द॑मान tát tvā yāmi bráhmaṇā vándamānaḥ (11 syllables)
- B. तदा शा स्ते यज॑मानो ह॒विर्भिः tát ā́ śāste yájamānaḥ havírbhiḥ (11 syllables)
- C. अहे॑ळमानो वरुणे ह बो॒ध्य áheḷamānaḥ varuṇa ihá bodhi (11 syllables)
- D. उरु॑शंस मा न आयुः प्र मो॒षीः úruśaṃsa mā́ naḥ ā́yuḥ prá moṣīḥ (11 syllables)
तदा (tát)
that
त्वा (tvā)
you
यामि (yāmi)
I go, I come
ब्रह्म॑णा (bráhmaṇā)
with prayer, with sacred words
वन्द॑मान (vándamānaḥ)
adoring, worshipping
तदा (tát)
that
शा (ā́)
towards
स्ते (śāste)
he desires, he seeks
यज॑मानो (yájamānaḥ)
the sacrificer, the worshipper
ह॒विर्भिः (havírbhiḥ)
with offerings
अहे॑ळमानो (áheḷamānaḥ)
not being angry, not disregarding
वरुणे (varuṇa)
O Varuna
ह (ihá)
here
बो॒ध्य (bodhi)
be attentive, perceive
उरु॑शंस (úruśaṃsa)
O widely praised one
मा (mā́)
not
न (naḥ)
our
आयुः (ā́yuḥ)
life
प्र (prá)
away
मो॒षीः (moṣīḥ)
may you steal
Stanza 1.24.12
तदिन्नक्तं॒ तद्दिवा॒ मह्य॑माहु॒स्तद॒यं केतो॑ हृ॒द आ वि च॑ष्टे | शुनः॒शेपो॒ यमह्व॑द्गृभी॒तः सो अ॒स्मान्राजा॒ वरु॑णो मुमोक्तु ||
tád ín náktaṁ tád dívā máhyam āhus tád ayáṁ kéto hr̥dá ā́ ví caṣṭe śúnaḥśépo yám áhvad gr̥bhītáḥ só asmā́n rā́jā váruṇo mumoktu
This is said day and night, and my heart understands it. The one whom Śunaḥśepa called when trapped, may that King Varuna release us.
The Rishi states that this message is conveyed both day and night, and even his own mind understands it. He then invokes the story of Śunaḥśepa, who, when trapped, called upon the divine Aditya (likely Varuna). The verse concludes with a prayer that Varuna, the king, will release them from their troubles, mirroring Śunaḥśepa's liberation.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. तद इन्नक्तं नक्तं तद दिवा मह्य आहु tát ít náktam tát dívā máhyam āhuḥ (11 syllables)
- B. तद अयं केतो हृ॒द आ वि चष्टे tát ayám kétaḥ hr̥dáḥ ā́ ví caṣṭe (11 syllables)
- C. शुनः॒शेपो यह्व॑द् अह्वद् गृभी॒तः śúnaḥśépaḥ yám áhvat gr̥bhītáḥ (11 syllables)
- D. सो अ॒स्मान्राजा राजा व॒रु॑णः मुमोक्तु sáḥ asmā́n rā́jā váruṇaḥ mumoktu (11 syllables)
तद (tát)
that
इन्नक्तं (ít)
indeed
नक्तं (náktam)
at night
तद (tát)
that
दिवा (dívā)
by day
मह्य (máhyam)
to me
आहु (āhuḥ)
they say
तद (tát)
that
अयं (ayám)
this
केतो (kétaḥ)
thought, understanding
हृ॒द (hr̥dáḥ)
from the heart
आ (ā́)
towards
वि (ví)
apart, widely
चष्टे (caṣṭe)
he perceives, he sees
शुनः॒शेपो (śúnaḥśépaḥ)
Śunaḥśepa (a sage)
यह्व॑द् (yám)
whom
अह्वद् (áhvat)
he called
गृभी॒तः (gr̥bhītáḥ)
having been captured, bound
सो (sáḥ)
he
अ॒स्मान्राजा (asmā́n)
us
राजा (rā́jā)
king
व॒रु॑णः (váruṇaḥ)
Varuna
मुमोक्तु (mumoktu)
may he release
Stanza 1.24.13
शुनः॒शेपो॒ ह्यह्व॑द्गृभी॒तस्त्रि॒ष्वा॑दि॒त्यं द्रु॑प॒देषु॑ ब॒द्धः | अवै॑नं॒ राजा॒ वरु॑णः ससृज्याद्वि॒द्वाँ अद॑ब्धो॒ वि मु॑मोक्तु॒ पाशा॑न् ||
śúnaḥśépo hy áhvad gr̥bhītás triṣv āā̀dityáṁ drupadéṣu baddháḥ ávainaṁ rā́jā váruṇaḥ sasr̥jyād vidvā́m̐ ádabdho ví mumoktu pā́śān
Indeed, when bound to three pillars, Śunaḥśepa called out. May King Varuna, the wise and unfailing one, release him by loosening the bonds.
This verse continues the narrative of Śunaḥśepa's plight. It describes him being bound to three 'drupadani' (perhaps pillars or wooden supports) and calling out to the Aditya (Varuna). The Rishi then prays that Varuna, the wise and infallible king, will release Śunaḥśepa by loosening his bonds, highlighting Varuna's power to liberate even when circumstances seem dire.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. शुनः॒शेपो हि अह्व॑द् गृभी॒तः śúnaḥśépaḥ hí áhvat gr̥bhītáḥ (11 syllables)
- B. त्रि॒ष्वा आदि॒त्यं द्रु॒प॒देषु ब॒द्धः triṣú ādityám drupadéṣu baddháḥ (11 syllables)
- C. अवै नं राजा व॒रु॑णः ससृज्याद्वि áva enam rā́jā váruṇaḥ sasr̥jyāt (11 syllables)
- D. वि॒द्वाँ अ॒द॒ब्धो वि मुमु॑क्तु पाशा॑न् vidvā́n ádabdhaḥ ví mumoktu pā́śān (11 syllables)
शुनः॒शेपो (śúnaḥśépaḥ)
Śunaḥśepa
हि (hí)
indeed
अह्व॑द् (áhvat)
he called
गृभी॒तः (gr̥bhītáḥ)
having been captured, bound
त्रि॒ष्वा (triṣú)
in three
आदि॒त्यं (ādityám)
to the Aditya (Sun God, often Varuna)
द्रु॒प॒देषु (drupadéṣu)
on the wooden supports/pillars
ब॒द्धः (baddháḥ)
bound
अवै (áva)
down
नं (enam)
him
राजा (rā́jā)
king
व॒रु॑णः (váruṇaḥ)
Varuna
ससृज्याद्वि (sasr̥jyāt)
may he release
वि॒द्वाँ (vidvā́n)
wise, knowing
अ॒द॒ब्धो (ádabdhaḥ)
unfailing, infallible
वि (ví)
apart
मुमु॑क्तु (mumoktu)
may he release
पाशा॑न् (pā́śān)
bonds, nooses
Stanza 1.24.14
अव॑ ते॒ हेळो॑ वरुण॒ नमो॑भि॒रव॑ य॒ज्ञेभि॑रीमहे ह॒विर्भिः॑ | क्षय॑न्न॒स्मभ्य॑मसुर प्रचेता॒ राज॒न्नेनां॑सि शिश्रथः कृ॒तानि॑ ||
áva te héḷo varuṇa námobhir áva yajñébhir īmahe havírbhiḥ kṣáyann asmábhyam asura pracetā rā́jann énāṁsi śiśrathaḥ kr̥tā́ni
O Varuna, with reverence, sacrifices, and offerings, we appease your anger. O wise Asura King, preside over us and loosen the bonds of the sins we have committed.
In this verse, the Rishi continues to address Varuna, seeking to appease his anger ('heḷaḥ') through humility ('namobhiḥ'), offerings ('yajñébhiḥ'), and oblations ('havirbhiḥ'). They acknowledge Varuna as the wise ('pracetaḥ') Asura king who presides over them. The plea is for Varuna to loosen the bonds of sins they have committed, reinforcing the theme of divine mercy and forgiveness.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. अव ते हे॒ळो व॒रुण नमो॑भि áva te héḷaḥ varuṇa námobhiḥ (11 syllables)
- B. अव य॒ज्ञेभि रीमहे ह॒विर्भिः áva yajñébhiḥ īmahe havírbhiḥ (11 syllables)
- C. क्षय॑न्न अ॒स्मभ्य॑म अ॒सु॒र प्रचे॒ता kṣáyan asmábhyam asura pracetaḥ (11 syllables)
- D. रा॒जन्नेनां॑सि एनं शिश्रथः कृ॒तानि rā́jan énāṃsi śiśrathaḥ kr̥tā́ni (11 syllables)
अव (áva)
away, down
ते (te)
your
हे॒ळो (héḷaḥ)
anger, displeasure
व॒रुण (varuṇa)
O Varuna
नमो॑भि (námobhiḥ)
with salutations, with reverence
अव (áva)
away, down
य॒ज्ञेभि (yajñébhiḥ)
with sacrifices
रीमहे (īmahe)
we seek, we go towards
ह॒विर्भिः (havírbhiḥ)
with oblations, with offerings
क्षय॑न्न (kṣáyan)
ruling, dwelling
अ॒स्मभ्य॑म (asmábhyam)
for us
अ॒सु॒र (asura)
O Asura (divine being)
प्रचे॒ता (pracetaḥ)
O wise one, O far-seeing one
रा॒जन्नेनां॑सि (rā́jan)
O King
एनं (énāṃsi)
sins, evils
शिश्रथः (śiśrathaḥ)
may you loosen, may you untie
कृ॒तानि (kr̥tā́ni)
committed, done
Stanza 1.24.15
उदु॑त्त॒मं व॑रुण॒ पाश॑म॒स्मदवा॑ध॒मं वि म॑ध्य॒मं श्र॑थाय | अथा॑ व॒यमा॑दित्य व्र॒ते तवाना॑गसो॒ अदि॑तये स्याम ||
úd-uttamáṁ varuṇa pā́śam asmád ávādhamáṁ ví madhyamáṁ śrathāya áthā vayám āditya vraté távā́nāgaso áditaye syāma
O Varuna, loosen the highest, the lowest, and the middle bonds from us. Then, O Aditya, may we, free from sin, be yours and belong to Aditi.
The Rishi makes a final, powerful plea to Varuna, asking him to loosen the bonds - the highest, lowest, and middle ones - that restrain them. He then expresses the desire to live in Varuna's divine law ('vraté') as sinless beings, belonging to Aditi. This is a comprehensive request for liberation from all constraints and a return to a state of purity and divine fellowship.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. उदु॑त्त त्तमं व॒रुण पाश॑म अ॒स्म út uttamám varuṇa pā́śam asmát (11 syllables)
- B. अवा ध॒मं वि म॒ध्य॒मं श्र॒थाय áva adhamám ví madhyamám śrathāya (11 syllables)
- C. मं व॒यमा आ॒दि॒त्य व्र॒ते तवा átha + vayám āditya vraté táva (12 syllables)
- D. ना॒गसो अदि॑तये स्याम ánāgasaḥ áditaye syāma (11 syllables)
उदु॑त्त (út)
upward
त्तमं (uttamám)
highest
व॒रुण (varuṇa)
O Varuna
पाश॑म (pā́śam)
bond, noose
अ॒स्म (asmát)
from us
अवा (áva)
downward
ध॒मं (adhamám)
lowest
वि (ví)
apart
म॒ध्य॒मं (madhyamám)
middle
श्र॒थाय (śrathāya)
loosen, untie
मं (átha +)
then
व॒यमा (vayám)
we
आ॒दि॒त्य (āditya)
O Aditya (Sun God, Varuna)
व्र॒ते (vraté)
in the law, in the vow
तवा (táva)
your
ना॒गसो (ánāgasaḥ)
sinless, guiltless
अदि॑तये (áditaye)
to Aditi
स्याम (syāma)
may we be