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Stanza 1.18.1
सो॒मानं॒ स्वर॑णं कृणु॒हि ब्र॑ह्मणस्पते | क॒क्षीव॑न्तं॒ य औ॑शि॒जः ||
somā́naṁ sváraṇaṁ kr̥ṇuhí brahmaṇas pate kakṣī́vantaṁ yá auśijáḥ
O Brahmanaspati, lord of sacred utterances, make Soma shine! And make the sage Kakshivan Auśija glorious!
This verse is a prayer to Brahmanaspati, the lord of prayer and mantra. The singer is asking Brahmanaspati to make Soma, the sacred pressed juice, and Kakshivan Auśija, a sage, shine brightly and be glorious. It's like asking a divine architect to ensure the brilliance of a special ritual element and a key participant.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. सोमानम् स्वरर्णम् somā́nam sváraṇam (7 syllables)
- B. कृणुहि ब्रह्मणः पते kr̥ṇuhí brahmaṇaḥ pate (8 syllables)
- C. कक्षीवन्तम् यः औशिजः kakṣī́vantam yáḥ auśijáḥ (8 syllables)
सोमानम् (somā́nam)
Soma (the sacred juice)
स्वरर्णम् (sváraṇam)
shining, glorious
कृणुहि (kr̥ṇuhí)
make, cause to be
ब्रह्मणः (brahmaṇaḥ)
of Brahmanaspati (lord of prayer)
पते (pate)
O lord, O master
कक्षीवन्तम् (kakṣī́vantam)
Kakshivan (a sage)
यः (yáḥ)
who, which
औशिजः (auśijáḥ)
descendant of Auśij (a sage)
Stanza 1.18.2
यो रे॒वान्यो अ॑मीव॒हा व॑सु॒वित्पु॑ष्टि॒वर्ध॑नः | स नः॑ सिषक्तु॒ यस्तु॒रः ||
yó revā́n yó amīvahā́ vasuvít puṣṭivárdhanaḥ sá naḥ siṣaktu yás turáḥ
May he who is wealthy, the vanquisher of sickness, the finder of treasures, the increaser of prosperity, the swift one – may he be with us!
This verse continues to praise a divine being, likely Brahmanaspati, describing him as wealthy, a healer of sickness, a bestower of riches, and an increaser of prosperity. The speaker wishes for this powerful, beneficial entity to be present and supportive.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. यः रेवान् यः अमीवहा yáḥ revā́n yáḥ amīvahā́ (8 syllables)
- B. वसुवित् पुष्टि वर्धनः vasuvít puṣṭivárdhanaḥ (8 syllables)
- C. सः नः सिषक्तु यः तुरः sá naḥ siṣaktu yáḥ turáḥ (8 syllables)
यः (yáḥ)
who
रेवान् (revā́n)
wealthy, rich
यः (yáḥ)
who
अमीवहा (amīvahā́)
destroyer of sickness, disease-killer
वसुवित् (vasuvít)
finder of wealth, wealth-giver
पुष्टि वर्धनः (puṣṭivárdhanaḥ)
increaser of prosperity/nourishment
सः (sá)
he
नः (naḥ)
us
सिषक्तु (siṣaktu)
may he be present, may he join
यः (yáḥ)
who
तुरः (turáḥ)
swift, prompt, powerful
Stanza 1.18.3
मा नः॒ शंसो॒ अर॑रुषो धू॒र्तिः प्रण॒ङ्मर्त्य॑स्य | रक्षा॑ णो ब्रह्मणस्पते ||
mā́ naḥ śáṁso áraruṣo dhūrtíḥ práṇaṅ mártyasya rákṣā ṇo brahmaṇas pate
May the enemy's curse not fall upon us, nor the destructive intent of mortals. Protect us, O Brahmanaspati!
This verse is a plea for protection addressed to Brahmanaspati. The speaker asks that they not be harmed by the "curse" or ill-will of an enemy, nor by the violent actions or attacks of mortals. They are seeking divine guardianship against harm from both malicious intent and aggressive actions.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. मा नः शंसः अररुषः mā́ naḥ śáṃsaḥ áraruṣaḥ (8 syllables)
- B. धूर्तिः प्रणङ् मर्त्यस्य dhūrtíḥ práṇak mártyasya (8 syllables)
- C. रक्षा नः ब्रह्मणः पते rákṣa + naḥ brahmaṇaḥ pate (8 syllables)
मा (mā́)
not (prohibitory)
नः (naḥ)
us
शंसः (śáṃsaḥ)
curse, imprecation, evil speech
अररुषः (áraruṣaḥ)
of the enemy, of the aggressor
धूर्तिः (dhūrtíḥ)
trickery, malice, destructive intent
प्रणङ् (práṇak)
perish, be lost
मर्त्यस्य (mártyasya)
of a mortal
रक्षा (rákṣa +)
protect, guard, or preserve.
नः (naḥ)
us
ब्रह्मणः (brahmaṇaḥ)
of Brahmanaspati
पते (pate)
O lord
Stanza 1.18.4
स घा॑ वी॒रो न रि॑ष्यति॒ यमिन्द्रो॒ ब्रह्म॑ण॒स्पतिः॑ | सोमो॑ हि॒नोति॒ मर्त्य॑म् ||
sá ghā vīró ná riṣyati yám índro bráhmaṇas pátiḥ sómo hinóti mártyam
Indeed, the hero whom Indra, Brahmanaspati, and Soma inspire will not perish.
This verse assures that a person who is favored by Indra, Brahmanaspati, and Soma will not suffer harm. It emphasizes divine protection and support for those who are inspired and guided by these deities, suggesting they are made resilient against any adversity.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. सः घा वीरः न रिष्यति sá gha + vīráḥ ná riṣyati (8 syllables)
- B. यम् इन्द्रः ब्रह्मणः पतिः yám índraḥ bráhmaṇaḥ pátiḥ (8 syllables)
- C. सोमः हिноति मर्त्यम् sómaḥ hinóti mártyam (8 syllables)
सः (sá)
he
घा (gha +)
indeed, truly (an emphatic particle).
वीरः (vīráḥ)
hero, warrior, strong person
न (ná)
not
रिष्यति (riṣyati)
will perish, will be harmed
यम् (yám)
whom
इन्द्रः (índraḥ)
Indra (king of gods, god of thunder)
ब्रह्मणः (bráhmaṇaḥ)
of Brahmanaspati
पतिः (pátiḥ)
lord, master
सोमः (sómaḥ)
Soma (deity and sacred drink)
हिноति (hinóti)
inspires, urges on, invigorates
मर्त्यम् (mártyam)
mortal
Stanza 1.18.5
त्वं तं ब्र॑ह्मणस्पते॒ सोम॒ इन्द्र॑श्च॒ मर्त्य॑म् | दक्षि॑णा पा॒त्वंह॑सः ||
tváṁ tám brahmaṇas pate sóma índraś ca mártyam dákṣiṇā pātv áṁhasaḥ
You, O Brahmanaspati, along with Soma, Indra, and Dakshina, protect that mortal from distress.
This verse is a direct appeal to Brahmanaspati, Indra, Soma, and Dakshina (a goddess associated with liberality and right action) to protect a particular mortal from misfortune or distress. It's a collective invocation for safeguarding someone from dangers and troubles.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. त्वम् तम् ब्रह्मणः पते tvám tám brahmaṇaḥ pate (8 syllables)
- B. सोमः इन्द्रः च मर्त्यम् sómaḥ índraḥ ca mártyam (8 syllables)
- C. दक्षिणा पातु अंहसः dákṣiṇā pātu áṃhasaḥ (8 syllables)
त्वम् (tvám)
you
तम् (tám)
that
ब्रह्मणः (brahmaṇaḥ)
of Brahmanaspati
पते (pate)
O lord
सोमः (sómaḥ)
Soma (deity)
इन्द्रः (índraḥ)
Indra (deity)
च (ca)
and
मर्त्यम् (mártyam)
mortal
दक्षिणा (dákṣiṇā)
Dakshina (a goddess of liberality/right action)
पातु (pātu)
may protect
अंहसः (áṃhasaḥ)
from distress, from misfortune, from sin
Stanza 1.18.6
सद॑स॒स्पति॒मद्भु॑तं प्रि॒यमिन्द्र॑स्य॒ काम्य॑म् | स॒निं मे॒धाम॑यासिषम् ||
sádasas pátim ádbhutam priyám índrasya kā́myam saním medhā́m ayāsiṣam
I have approached the wondrous Lord of the Assembly, the beloved and desired one of Indra, to attain wisdom.
The speaker expresses a deep connection and aspiration towards the "Lord of the Assembly" (likely Brahmanaspati), who is described as wonderful, beloved by Indra, and desirable. The goal is to draw near to this divine being to receive wisdom and understanding.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. सदसः पतिम् अद्भुतम् sádasaḥ pátim ádbhutam (8 syllables)
- B. प्रियम् इन्द्रस्य काम्यम् priyám índrasya kā́myam (8 syllables)
- C. सनिम् मेधाम् अयासिषम् saním medhā́m ayāsiṣam (8 syllables)
सदसः (sádasaḥ)
of the assembly, of the session
पतिम् (pátim)
lord, master
अद्भुतम् (ádbhutam)
wondrous, amazing
प्रियम् (priyám)
beloved
इन्द्रस्य (índrasya)
of Indra
काम्यम् (kā́myam)
desirable, lovely
सनिम् (saním)
wealth, riches, gift
मेधाम् (medhā́m)
wisdom, intelligence, understanding
अयासिषम् (ayāsiṣam)
I have approached, I have reached
Stanza 1.18.7
यस्मा॑दृ॒ते न सिध्य॑ति य॒ज्ञो वि॑प॒श्चित॑श्च॒न | स धी॒नां योग॑मिन्वति ||
yásmād r̥té ná sídhyati yajñó vipaścítaś caná sá dhīnā́ṁ yógam invati
Without whom no sacrifice, not even of the wisest, succeeds, he invigorates the flow of thoughts.
This verse highlights the essential role of a particular divine entity (likely Brahmanaspati) in the success of rituals. It states that without him, even the sacrifices of wise people do not succeed. Furthermore, he is credited with inspiring and guiding intelligent thought and action.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. यस्मात् ऋते न सिध्यति yásmāt r̥té ná sídhyati (8 syllables)
- B. यज्ञः विपश्चितः चन yajñáḥ vipaścítaḥ caná (8 syllables)
- C. स धीनां योगम् इन्वति sá dhīnā́m yógam invati (8 syllables)
यस्मात् (yásmāt)
from whom, without whom
ऋते (r̥té)
without, apart from
न (ná)
not
सिध्यति (sídhyati)
succeeds, prospers
यज्ञः (yajñáḥ)
sacrifice, ritual
विपश्चितः (vipaścítaḥ)
of the wise, of the intelligent
चन (caná)
even
स (sá)
he
धीनां (dhīnā́m)
of thoughts, of ideas, of wisdom
योगम् (yógam)
union, connection, succession, flow
इन्वति (invati)
moves, impels, stirs
Stanza 1.18.8
आदृ॑ध्नोति ह॒विष्कृ॑तिं॒ प्राञ्चं॑ कृणोत्यध्व॒रम् | होत्रा॑ दे॒वेषु॑ गच्छति ||
ā́d r̥dhnoti havíṣkr̥tim prā́ñcaṁ kr̥ṇoty adhvarám hótrā devéṣu gachati
He makes the offering prosperous, he directs the sacrifice forward, and the priestly function reaches the gods.
This verse describes the positive impact of a divine presence (again, likely Brahmanaspati or a similar deity) on ritualistic activities. This presence ensures that offerings are successful, makes the sacrifice proceed smoothly and effectively, and ensures that the priestly invocations reach the gods.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. आत् ऋद्नोति हविष्कृतिम् ā́t r̥dhnoti havíṣkr̥tim (8 syllables)
- B. प्राञ्चम् कृणोति अध्वरम् prā́ñcam kr̥ṇoti adhvarám (8 syllables)
- C. होत्रा देवेषु गच्छति hótrā devéṣu gachati (8 syllables)
आत् (ā́t)
indeed, truly
ऋद्नोति (r̥dhnoti)
causes to prosper, makes successful
हविष्कृतिम् (havíṣkr̥tim)
the making of offerings, the offering
प्राञ्चम् (prā́ñcam)
forward, onward, straight
कृणोति (kr̥ṇoti)
makes, causes
अध्वरम् (adhvarám)
sacrifice, ritual, religious rite
होत्रा (hótrā)
priestly function, invocation
देवेषु (devéṣu)
among the gods
गच्छति (gachati)
goes, reaches
Stanza 1.18.9
नरा॒शंसं॑ सु॒धृष्ट॑म॒मप॑श्यं स॒प्रथ॑स्तमम् | दि॒वो न सद्म॑मखसम् ||
nárāśáṁsaṁ sudhŕ̥ṣṭamam ápaśyaṁ sapráthastamam divó ná sádmamakhasam
I have seen Narashamsa, the most resolute, the most widely famed, like the house-priest of heaven.
The speaker describes encountering Narashamsa, a divine being characterized as extremely firm, resolute, and widely renowned. This being is likened to a household priest for heaven, implying a role of conducting sacred rites and maintaining order within the divine realm.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. नराशंसं सुधृष्टमम् nárāśáṃsam sudhŕ̥ṣṭamam (8 syllables)
- B. अपश्यं सप्रथस्तमम् ápaśyam sapráthastamam (8 syllables)
- C. दिवः न सद्ममखसम् diváḥ ná sádmamakhasam (8 syllables)
नराशंसं (nárāśáṃsam)
Narashamsa (a divine being, 'praise of men')
सुधृष्टमम् (sudhŕ̥ṣṭamam)
most resolute, most firm, most steadfast
अपश्यं (ápaśyam)
I saw, I beheld
सप्रथस्तमम् (sapráthastamam)
most widely spreading, most famous
दिवः (diváḥ)
of heaven, of the sky
न (ná)
like, as
सद्ममखसम् (sádmamakhasam)
house-priest, domestic priest