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Stanza 1.174.1
त्वं राजे॑न्द्र॒ ये च॑ दे॒वा रक्षा॒ नॄन्पा॒ह्य॑सुर॒ त्वम॒स्मान् | त्वं सत्प॑तिर्म॒घवा॑ न॒स्तरु॑त्र॒स्त्वं स॒त्यो वस॑वानः सहो॒दाः ||
tváṁ rā́jendra yé ca devā́ rákṣā nr̥ŕ̥n pāhy àsura tvám asmā́n tváṁ sátpatir maghávā nas tárutras tváṁ satyó vásavānaḥ sahodā́ḥ
You are the King, Indra, of all the gods! Protect our people, O Asura, and keep us safe. You, the Lord of heroes, generous giver, our rescuer, are true, wealthy, and grant victory.
This stanza is a direct address to Indra, acknowledging his supreme kingship over all gods. The speaker praises Indra as the protector of humanity and asks for his safeguarding. Indra is further lauded as the "Lord of Heroes," a generous giver, steadfast, wealthy, and the bestower of victory, highlighting his powerful and benevolent nature.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. त्वं राजे इन्द्र ये च देवा tvám rā́jā indra yé ca devā́ḥ (11 syllables)
- B. रक्षा नॄन् पाही असुर त्वं अस्मान् rákṣa + nr̥̄́n pāhí asura tvám asmā́n (12 syllables)
- C. त्वं सत्पति मघवा न तरुत्र tvám sátpatiḥ maghávā naḥ tárutraḥ (11 syllables)
- D. त्वं सत्य वसवानः सहौदा tvám satyáḥ vásavānaḥ sahodā́ḥ (11 syllables)
त्वं (tvám)
you
राजे (rā́jā)
King
इन्द्र (indra)
Indra (address)
ये (yé)
who
च (ca)
and
देवा (devā́ḥ)
gods
रक्षा (rákṣa +)
protect
नॄन् (nr̥̄́n)
people/men
पाही (pāhí)
protect/save
असुर (asura)
Asura (a divine being, often powerful)
त्वं (tvám)
you
अस्मान् (asmā́n)
us
त्वं (tvám)
you
सत्पति (sátpatiḥ)
Lord of heroes/men
मघवा (maghávā)
generous giver/wealthy
न (naḥ)
our
तरुत्र (tárutraḥ)
rescuer/protector
त्वं (tvám)
you
सत्य (satyáḥ)
true/real
वसवानः (vásavānaḥ)
wealthy/possessing riches
सहौदा (sahodā́ḥ)
granting victory/strength
Stanza 1.174.2
दनो॒ विश॑ इन्द्र मृ॒ध्रवा॑चः स॒प्त यत्पुरः॒ शर्म॒ शार॑दी॒र्दर्त् | ऋ॒णोर॒पो अ॑नव॒द्यार्णा॒ यूने॑ वृ॒त्रं पु॑रु॒कुत्सा॑य रन्धीः ||
dáno víśa indra mr̥dhrávācaḥ saptá yát púraḥ śárma śā́radīr dárt r̥ṇór apó anavadyā́rṇā yū́ne vr̥trám purukútsāya randhīḥ
Indra, you destroyed those who spoke rudely, breaking down seven autumn forts! You released the waters, and for young Purukutsa, you defeated his enemy.
The hymn praises Indra for his might in conquering enemies. He is depicted as having destroyed seven forts, likely representing strongholds of hostile forces, particularly those who spoke insultingly. Indra also released vital waters (rivers/floods) and, in an act of great power, helped the youthful King Purukutsa defeat his adversaries, symbolizing a triumph over obstacles and the freeing of resources.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. दनो विश इन्द्र मृधवाच dánaḥ víśaḥ indra mr̥dhrávācaḥ (11 syllables)
- B. सप्त यत् पुर शर्म शारदी दत् saptá yát púraḥ śárma śā́radīḥ dárt (11 syllables)
- C. णोर अपो अनवद्या अर्णा r̥ṇóḥ apáḥ anavadya árṇāḥ (11 syllables)
- D. यूने वृत्रं पुरुकुत्साय रन्धी yū́ne vr̥trám purukútsāya randhīḥ (11 syllables)
दनो (dánaḥ)
you destroyed/humbled
विश (víśaḥ)
people/tribes
इन्द्र (indra)
Indra (address)
मृधवाच (mr̥dhrávācaḥ)
insulting speakers
सप्त (saptá)
seven
यत् (yát)
which
पुर (púraḥ)
forts
शर्म (śárma)
refuge/shelter
शारदी (śā́radīḥ)
autumnal
दत् (dárt)
he/it broke
णोर (r̥ṇóḥ)
you released/stirred
अपो (apáḥ)
waters
अनवद्या (anavadya)
blameless/faultless
अर्णा (árṇāḥ)
floods/waves
यूने (yū́ne)
for the young
वृत्रं (vr̥trám)
enemy/obstacle (Vritra)
पुरुकुत्साय (purukútsāya)
for King Purukutsa
रन्धी (randhīḥ)
you subdued/made ready
Stanza 1.174.3
अजा॒ वृत॑ इन्द्र॒ शूर॑पत्नी॒र्द्यां च॒ येभिः॑ पुरुहूत नू॒नम् | रक्षो॑ अ॒ग्निम॒शुषं॒ तूर्व॑याणं सिं॒हो न दमे॒ अपां॑सि॒ वस्तोः॑ ||
ájā vŕ̥ta indra śū́rapatnīr dyā́ṁ ca yébhiḥ puruhūta nūnám rákṣo agním aśúṣaṁ tū́rvayāṇaṁ siṁhó ná dáme ápāṁsi vástoḥ
Indra, drive away the hero-wives and their forces! Now, you who are called by many, protect Agni, like a lion, from evil, so that our homes may flourish.
This verse praises Indra's actions in driving away enemies and bringing forth light. He is invoked to drive away "hero-wives," possibly symbolizing the departure of foes' supporters or their forces. Indra is asked to protect from evil, highlighting his role as a guardian. The verse also mentions Agni, the fire god, being protected like a lion, and suggests that Indra's power helps sustain life and bring prosperity.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. अजा वृत्त इन्द्र शूरपत्नी ája + vŕ̥taḥ indra śū́rapatnīḥ (11 syllables)
- B. द्यां च येभिः पुरुहूत नू्नं dyā́m ca yébhiḥ puruhūta nūnám (11 syllables)
- C. रक्ष उ अग्निम अशुषं तूर्वयाणं rákṣa u agním aśúṣam tū́rvayāṇam (11 syllables)
- D. सिंहो न दमे अपांसि वस्तो siṃháḥ ná dáme ápāṃsi vástoḥ (10 syllables)
अजा (ája +)
drive away
वृत्त (vŕ̥taḥ)
surrounded/accompanied
इन्द्र (indra)
Indra (address)
शूरपत्नी (śū́rapatnīḥ)
wives of heroes (possibly armies/forces)
द्यां (dyā́m)
daylight/sky
च (ca)
and
येभिः (yébhiḥ)
with whom
पुरुहूत (puruhūta)
much invoked one
नू्नं (nūnám)
now
रक्ष (rákṣa)
protect
उ (u)
and/also
अग्निम (agním)
Agni (fire god)
अशुषं (aśúṣam)
swift/active
तूर्वयाणं (tū́rvayāṇam)
overcoming/conquering
सिंहो (siṃháḥ)
lion
न (ná)
like
दमे (dáme)
in the house/home
अपांसि (ápāṃsi)
work/deeds/powers
वस्तो (vástoḥ)
dwelling/abode
Stanza 1.174.4
शेष॒न्नु त इ॑न्द्र॒ सस्मि॒न्योनौ॒ प्रश॑स्तये॒ पवी॑रवस्य म॒ह्ना | सृ॒जदर्णां॒स्यव॒ यद्यु॒धा गास्तिष्ठ॒द्धरी॑ धृष॒ता मृ॑ष्ट॒ वाजा॑न् ||
śéṣan nú tá indra sásmin yónau práśastaye pávīravasya mahnā́ sr̥jád árṇāṁsy áva yád yudhā́ gā́s tíṣṭhad dhárī dhr̥ṣatā́ mr̥ṣṭa vā́jān
Lord Indra, may those who follow you rest in praise due to your greatness. You release the waters and, for the cows, you engage in battle. Your bold horses carry you as you seize the spoils.
This verse speaks of Indra's power and glory, particularly his spear, which is praised. The hymn suggests that beings will rest in a state of praise due to his greatness. Indra is invoked to release the waters and to engage in battle for the sake of cows (wealth/sustenance). His horses are described as bold, and he is depicted as seizing spoils of war, emphasizing his role as a triumphant warrior.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. शेष नु ते इन्द्र सस्मिन योनौ śéṣan nú té indra sásmin yónau (11 syllables)
- B. प्रशस्तये पवीरवस्य मह्ना práśastaye pávīravasya mahnā́ (11 syllables)
- C. सृजत् अर्णांसि अव यत् युधा गा sr̥ját árṇāṃsi áva yát yudhā́ gā́ḥ (11 syllables)
- D. तिष्ठत् हरी धृषता मृष्ट वाजान tíṣṭhat hárī dhr̥ṣatā́ mr̥ṣṭa vā́jān (11 syllables)
शेष (śéṣan)
may they rest
नु (nú)
now
ते (té)
they
इन्द्र (indra)
Indra (address)
सस्मिन (sásmin)
in this
योनौ (yónau)
place/station
प्रशस्तये (práśastaye)
for praise
पवीरवस्य (pávīravasya)
of the spear
मह्ना (mahnā́)
by greatness
सृजत् (sr̥ját)
he releases
अर्णांसि (árṇāṃsi)
waters/floods
अव (áva)
down
यत् (yát)
when
युधा (yudhā́)
by battle
गा (gā́ḥ)
cows
तिष्ठत् (tíṣṭhat)
standing/engaging
हरी (hárī)
bay horses
धृषता (dhr̥ṣatā́)
boldly
मृष्ट (mr̥ṣṭa)
he polished/seized
वाजान (vā́jān)
spoils/riches
Stanza 1.174.5
वह॒ कुत्स॑मिन्द्र॒ यस्मि॑ञ्चा॒कन्त्स्यू॑म॒न्यू ऋ॒ज्रा वात॒स्याश्वा॑ | प्र सूर॑श्च॒क्रं वृ॑हताद॒भीके॒ऽभि स्पृधो॑ यासिष॒द्वज्र॑बाहुः ||
váha kútsam indra yásmiñ cākán syūmanyū́ r̥jrā́ vā́tasyā́śvā prá sū́raś cakráṁ vr̥hatād abhī́ke 'bhí spŕ̥dho yāsiṣad vájrabāhuḥ
Indra, carry Kutsa whom you favor. The swift horses of the Wind are ready. May the Sun's chariot wheel shine brightly, and may you, with your thunderbolt arms, go forth to meet the rivals.
This verse is an invocation to Indra to carry or lead Kutsa, a figure whom Indra favors. It also mentions Indra's horses, described as dark-red and perhaps related to the wind. The hymn requests that the Sun (Surya) brings forth its chariot wheel (symbolizing daylight or progress) and that Indra, with his thunderbolt-like arms, confronts and overcomes rivals or competitors.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. वह कुत्स इन्द्र यस्मि चाकन् váha kútsam indra yásmin cākán (11 syllables)
- B. स्यूमन्यू ऋज्रा वातस्या अश्वा syūmanyū́ r̥jrā́ vā́tasya áśvā (11 syllables)
- C. प्र सूर चक्रं वृहताद अभीके prá sū́raḥ cakrám vr̥hatāt abhī́ke (11 syllables)
- D. अभि स्पृध यासिषत् वज्रबाहु abhí spŕ̥dhaḥ yāsiṣat vájrabāhuḥ (11 syllables)
वह (váha)
carry/lead
कुत्स (kútsam)
Kutsa (a person)
इन्द्र (indra)
Indra (address)
यस्मि (yásmin)
in whom
चाकन् (cākán)
he delights/favors
स्यूमन्यू (syūmanyū́)
dark-red ones
ऋज्रा (r̥jrā́)
swift/straight
वातस्या (vā́tasya)
of the wind
अश्वा (áśvā)
horses
प्र (prá)
forward
सूर (sū́raḥ)
sun's
चक्रं (cakrám)
wheel
वृहताद (vr̥hatāt)
may you make great/shine
अभीके (abhī́ke)
in proximity/face to face
अभि (abhí)
towards
स्पृध (spŕ̥dhaḥ)
rivals/competitors
यासिषत् (yāsiṣat)
may he go/approach
वज्रबाहु (vájrabāhuḥ)
thunderbolt-armed
Stanza 1.174.6
ज॒घ॒न्वाँ इ॑न्द्र मि॒त्रेरू॑ञ्चो॒दप्र॑वृद्धो हरिवो॒ अदा॑शून् | प्र ये पश्य॑न्नर्य॒मणं॒ सचा॒योस्त्वया॑ शू॒र्ता वह॑माना॒ अप॑त्यम् ||
jaghanvā́m̐ indra mitrérūñ codápravr̥ddho harivo ádāśūn prá yé páśyann aryamáṇaṁ sácāyós tváyā śūrtā́ váhamānā ápatyam
Indra, you destroyed those who harmed your friends and gave nothing! O bearer of bay horses, you who are unstoppable, those who saw Aryaman were overcome by you as they moved forward.
This verse celebrates Indra as a powerful slayer of enemies, particularly those who are ungenerous or harmful to his friends. He is called "Harivaḥ" (the bearer of bay horses) and is described as being driven by inner strength. The hymn notes that those who observed Aryaman (a solar deity or companion) were subsequently defeated or cast aside by Indra, indicating his supreme authority and the consequence of opposing him or his allies.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. जघनवां इन्द्र मित्रेरून् jaghanvā́n indra mitrérūn (11 syllables)
- B. चोदप्रवृद्ध हरिव अदाशून् codápravr̥ddhaḥ harivaḥ ádāśūn (11 syllables)
- C. प्र ये पश्यन्न अर्यमणं सचा आयो prá yé páśyan aryamáṇam sácā āyóḥ (11 syllables)
- D. त्वया शूर्ता वஹमाना अपत्यं tváyā śūrtā́ḥ váhamānāḥ ápatyam (11 syllables)
जघनवां (jaghanvā́n)
having struck down
इन्द्र (indra)
Indra (address)
मित्रेरून् (mitrérūn)
those who harmed friends
चोदप्रवृद्ध (codápravr̥ddhaḥ)
unstoppably impelled
हरिव (harivaḥ)
O bearer of bay horses
अदाशून् (ádāśūn)
ungenerous ones
प्र (prá)
forward
ये (yé)
who
पश्यन्न (páśyan)
seeing
अर्यमणं (aryamáṇam)
Aryaman (a deity/companion)
सचा (sácā)
along with
आयो (āyóḥ)
of the living/life
त्वया (tváyā)
by you
शूर्ता (śūrtā́ḥ)
strengthened/prepared
वஹमाना (váhamānāḥ)
moving/carrying
अपत्यं (ápatyam)
offspring/posterity
Stanza 1.174.7
रप॑त्क॒विरि॑न्द्रा॒र्कसा॑तौ॒ क्षां दा॒सायो॑प॒बर्ह॑णीं कः | कर॑त्ति॒स्रो म॒घवा॒ दानु॑चित्रा॒ नि दु॑र्यो॒णे कुय॑वाचं मृ॒धि श्रे॑त् ||
rápat kavír indrārkásātau kṣā́ṁ dāsā́yopabárhaṇīṁ kaḥ kárat tisró maghávā dā́nucitrā ní duryoṇé kúyavācam mr̥dhí śret
The poet sang, Indra, about your deed: you made the earth a covering for the Dasa. You, generous giver, created three shining things and brought the wicked Kuyavacha down in battle.
This verse describes Indra's role in shaping the earth and overcoming adversaries. The poet sings of Indra's actions, noting how he made the earth a covering for the Dasa (an enemy or symbolic opponent). Indra, the generous giver, is credited with creating or bringing forth three shining entities, possibly related to water or light. He is also depicted as capturing Kuyavacha, an enemy, and bringing him to a place of destruction, signifying Indra's power to subdue and eliminate evil.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. रप कवि इन्द्र अर्कसातौ rápat kavíḥ indra arkásātau (11 syllables)
- B. क्षां दासाय उपबर्हणीं कर kṣā́m dāsā́ya upabárhaṇīm kar (11 syllables)
- C. करत् तिस्रो मघवा दानुचित्रा kárat tisráḥ maghávā dā́nucitrāḥ (11 syllables)
- D. नि दुर्योणे कुयवाचं मृधि श्रेत् ní duryoṇé kúyavācam mr̥dhí śret (11 syllables)
रप (rápat)
sang/chanted
कवि (kavíḥ)
poet/seer
इन्द्र (indra)
Indra (address)
अर्कसातौ (arkásātau)
in inspiration/song
क्षां (kṣā́m)
earth
दासाय (dāsā́ya)
for the Dasa (enemy)
उपबर्हणीं (upabárhaṇīm)
covering/support
कर (kar)
you made/did
करत् (kárat)
he made
तिस्रो (tisráḥ)
three
मघवा (maghávā)
generous giver
दानुचित्रा (dā́nucitrāḥ)
shining with moisture/waters
नि (ní)
down
दुर्योणे (duryoṇé)
in the home/place
कुयवाचं (kúyavācam)
Kuyavacha (enemy)
मृधि (mr̥dhí)
in battle/conflict
श्रेत् (śret)
he brought/placed
Stanza 1.174.8
सना॒ ता त॑ इन्द्र॒ नव्या॒ आगुः॒ सहो॒ नभोऽवि॑रणाय पू॒र्वीः | भि॒नत्पुरो॒ न भिदो॒ अदे॑वीर्न॒नमो॒ वध॒रदे॑वस्य पी॒योः ||
sánā tā́ ta indra návyā ā́guḥ sáho nábhó 'viraṇāya pūrvī́ḥ bhinát púro ná bhído ádevīr nanámo vádhar ádevasya pīyóḥ
Indra, these deeds of yours, both old and new, are sung. You conquered many ancient tribes. Like forts, you broke down the non-divine ones and subdued the wicked, godless enemy.
This verse praises Indra's enduring and ever-new deeds, which are sung by poets. It highlights his power to conquer and bind many ancient tribes, emphasizing his consistent strength. Indra is depicted as breaking down "non-divine" (adevi) forts and subduing hostile forces, including the "godless scorner," thereby protecting the divine order and vanquishing those who oppose it.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. सना ता इन्द्र नव्या आ आगुः sánā tā́ te indra návyāḥ ā́ aguḥ (11 syllables)
- B. सह नभ अविरणाय पूर्वीं sáhaḥ nábhaḥ áviraṇāya pūrvī́ḥ (11 syllables)
- C. भिणत् पुर न भिदो अदेवी bhinát púraḥ ná bhídaḥ ádevīḥ (11 syllables)
- D. ननम वधर अदेवस्य पीयो nanámaḥ vádhar ádevasya pīyóḥ (11 syllables)
सना (sánā)
old
ता (tā́)
those
(te)
इन्द्र (indra)
Indra (address)
नव्या (návyāḥ)
new
आ (ā́)
up/here
आगुः (aguḥ)
they sang
सह (sáhaḥ)
strength/power
नभ (nábhaḥ)
clouds/sky (poetic for power)
अविरणाय (áviraṇāya)
for the unobstructed/free
पूर्वीं (pūrvī́ḥ)
many/ancient
भिणत् (bhinát)
you break
पुर (púraḥ)
forts
न (ná)
like
भिदो (bhídaḥ)
breaking points/forts
अदेवी (ádevīḥ)
non-divine/impious
ननम (nanámaḥ)
you bow down
वधर (vádhar)
weapon
अदेवस्य (ádevasya)
of the godless
पीयो (pīyóḥ)
of the scorner/hater
Stanza 1.174.9
त्वं धुनि॑रिन्द्र॒ धुनि॑मतीर्ऋ॒णोर॒पः सी॒रा न स्रव॑न्तीः | प्र यत्स॑मु॒द्रमति॑ शूर॒ पर्षि॑ पा॒रया॑ तु॒र्वशं॒ यदुं॑ स्व॒स्ति ||
tváṁ dhúnir indra dhúnimatīr r̥ṇór apáḥ sīrā́ ná srávantīḥ prá yát samudrám áti śūra párṣi pāráyā turváśaṁ yáduṁ svastí
Indra, you are a stormer! You released the turbulent waters, making them flow like rivers. When you carried us over the sea, O hero, you safely guided Turvasha and Yadu.
This verse highlights Indra's power over turbulent forces, comparing him to a "dhuni" (stormer or shaker). He is invoked to release flowing waters, like rivers, and to help navigate across the sea (samudram), symbolizing overcoming great obstacles. The verse concludes with a plea for Indra to safely guide and protect Turvasha and Yadu, two prominent figures or tribes, across perils, ensuring their well-being.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. त्वं धुनि इन्द्र धुनिमती tvám dhúniḥ indra dhúnimatīḥ (11 syllables)
- B. णोर अ सीरा न स्रवन्ती r̥ṇóḥ apáḥ sīrā́ḥ ná srávantīḥ (11 syllables)
- C. प्र य समुद्रं अति शूर पर्षि prá yát samudrám áti śūra párṣi (11 syllables)
- D. पारया तूर्वशं यदुं स्वस्ति pāráya + turváśam yádum svastí (11 syllables)
त्वं (tvám)
you
धुनि (dhúniḥ)
stormer/shaker
इन्द्र (indra)
Indra (address)
धुनिमती (dhúnimatīḥ)
turbulent/stormy
णोर (r̥ṇóḥ)
you released/caused to flow
अ (apáḥ)
waters
सीरा (sīrā́ḥ)
rivers/streams
न (ná)
like
स्रवन्ती (srávantīḥ)
flowing
प्र (prá)
forward
य (yát)
when
समुद्रं (samudrám)
sea/ocean
अति (áti)
across/beyond
शूर (śūra)
O hero
पर्षि (párṣi)
you cross/pass over
पारया (pāráya +)
carry safely
तूर्वशं (turváśam)
Turvasha (a person/tribe)
यदुं (yádum)
Yadu (a person/tribe)
स्वस्ति (svastí)
safely/well-being
Stanza 1.174.10
त्वम॒स्माक॑मिन्द्र वि॒श्वध॑ स्या अवृ॒कत॑मो न॒रां नृ॑पा॒ता | स नो॒ विश्वा॑सां स्पृ॒धां स॑हो॒दा वि॒द्यामे॒षं वृ॒जनं॑ जी॒रदा॑नुम् ||
tvám asmā́kam indra viśvádha syā avr̥kátamo narā́ṁ nr̥pātā́ sá no víśvāsāṁ spr̥dhā́ṁ sahodā́ vidyā́meṣáṁ vr̥jánaṁ jīrádānum
Indra, may you be ours always, the best protector of men! May we gain strength from all rivals with your help. May we find abundant food and nourishment.
This final verse is a heartfelt prayer to Indra, expressing a desire for his constant presence and support in all life situations. The speaker asks Indra to be their protector, the most excellent among men. They wish to find strength and prosperity in all their endeavors, overcoming rivals, and hope to achieve abundance and sustenance, highlighting Indra's role as a provider and a supreme guardian.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. त्वं अस्माक इन्द्र विश्वध स्या tvám asmā́kam indra viśvádha syāḥ (11 syllables)
- B. अवृकतमो नरां नृपाता avr̥kátamaḥ narā́m nr̥pātā́ (11 syllables)
- C. स न विश्वासां स्पृधां सहौदा sá naḥ víśvāsām spr̥dhā́m sahodā́ḥ (11 syllables)
- D. विद्यामे इषं वृजनं जीरादानुं vidyā́ma iṣám vr̥jánam jīrádānum (11 syllables)
त्वं (tvám)
you
अस्माक (asmā́kam)
ours
इन्द्र (indra)
Indra (address)
विश्वध (viśvádha)
in all places/always
स्या (syāḥ)
may you be
अवृकतमो (avr̥kátamaḥ)
most excellent/unfailing
नरां (narā́m)
of men
नृपाता (nr̥pātā́)
protector of men
स (sá)
he
न (naḥ)
to us
विश्वासां (víśvāsām)
of all
स्पृधां (spr̥dhā́m)
rivals/competitors
सहौदा (sahodā́ḥ)
granting victory/strength
विद्यामे (vidyā́ma)
may we know/find
इषं (iṣám)
food/sustenance
वृजनं (vr̥jánam)
strength/vigor
जीरादानुं (jīrádānum)
giving strength/nourishment