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Stanza 1.153.1
यजा॑महे वां म॒हः स॒जोषा॑ ह॒व्येभि॑र्मित्रावरुणा॒ नमो॑भिः | घृ॒तैर्घृ॑तस्नू॒ अध॒ यद्वा॑म॒स्मे अ॑ध्व॒र्यवो॒ न धी॒तिभि॒र्भर॑न्ति ||
yájāmahe vām maháḥ sajóṣā havyébhir mitrāvaruṇā námobhiḥ ghr̥taír ghr̥tasnū ádha yád vām asmé adhvaryávo ná dhītíbhir bháranti
We worship you, Mitra and Varuna, mighty and in accord, with our reverence and offerings. May the priests, with ghee and hymns, support you, oh mighty ones, with these rites.
The hymn begins with a heartfelt invitation to Mitra and Varuna. The speaker, representing the community, expresses their desire to worship and honor these deities with all their offerings and prayers. They acknowledge the gods' greatness and the priests' diligent efforts to serve them, highlighting a sense of shared purpose and devotion.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. यजा॑महे वाम महः सजोषा॑ yájāmahe vām maháḥ sajóṣāḥ (10 syllables)
- B. हव्येभि॑ः मित్రాवरुणा नमो॑भिः havyébhiḥ mitrāvaruṇā námobhiḥ (11 syllables)
- C. घृ॒तैः घृ॒तस्नू अध यद् वाम अस्मे ghr̥taíḥ ghr̥tasnū ádha yát vām asmé (11 syllables)
- D. अध्वर्यवो न धी॒तिभि॒र् भरन्ति adhvaryávaḥ ná dhītíbhiḥ bháranti (11 syllables)
यजा॑महे (yájāmahe)
we worship
वाम (vām)
you (dual)
महः (maháḥ)
greatness, mighty
सजोषा॑ (sajóṣāḥ)
in accord, united in enjoyment
हव्येभि॑ः (havyébhiḥ)
with oblations, offerings
मित్రాवरुणा (mitrāvaruṇā)
O Mitra and Varuna
नमो॑भिः (námobhiḥ)
with reverence, salutations
घृ॒तैः (ghr̥taíḥ)
with ghee, clarified butter
घृ॒तस्नू (ghr̥tasnū)
sprinkled with ghee
अध (ádha)
and, then
यद् (yát)
which, when
वाम (vām)
you (dual)
अस्मे (asmé)
among us
अध्वर्यवो (adhvaryávaḥ)
priests, ritual officiants
न (ná)
not, or
धी॒तिभि॒र् (dhītíbhiḥ)
with thoughts, hymns, devotions
भरन्ति (bháranti)
they support, carry
Stanza 1.153.2
प्रस्तु॑तिर्वां॒ धाम॒ न प्रयु॑क्ति॒रया॑मि मित्रावरुणा सुवृ॒क्तिः | अ॒नक्ति॒ यद्वां॑ वि॒दथे॑षु॒ होता॑ सु॒म्नं वां॑ सू॒रिर्वृ॑षणा॒विय॑क्षन् ||
prástutir vāṁ dhā́ma ná práyuktir áyāmi mitrāvaruṇā suvr̥ktíḥ anákti yád vāṁ vidátheṣu hótā sumnáṁ vāṁ sūrír vr̥ṣaṇāv íyakṣan
Your praise is like a powerful impulse, and a well-crafted hymn is offered to you, O Mitra and Varuna. As the priest adorns and the prince, eager to worship, seeks your favor with blessings in the assemblies.
This stanza describes the power and impact of devotion. The gods Mitra and Varuna are invoked, and their 'praise' is likened to a powerful, driving force. A well-crafted hymn is presented to them, and the stanza concludes by showing how the chief priest and a devoted prince are actively engaged in worship, seeking blessings and favor from the divine pair.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. प्रस्तु॑तिर् वाम धाम न प्रयु॑क्तिर् prástutiḥ vām dhā́ma ná práyuktiḥ (11 syllables)
- B. अया॑मि मित्रावरुणा सुवृ॒क्तिः áyāmi mitrāvaruṇā suvr̥ktíḥ (11 syllables)
- C. अ॒नक्ति यद् वाम वि॒दथे॑षु होता anákti yát vām vidátheṣu hótā (11 syllables)
- D. सु॒म्नं वाम सू॒रिर्वृ षणा॑व इ॒यक्ष॑न् sumnám vām sūríḥ vr̥ṣaṇau íyakṣan (11 syllables)
प्रस्तु॑तिर् (prástutiḥ)
praise, glorification
वाम (vām)
your (dual)
धाम (dhā́ma)
power, strength, abode
न (ná)
like, as
प्रयु॑क्तिर् (práyuktiḥ)
impulse, force
अया॑मि (áyāmi)
is impelled, moved
मित्रावरुणा (mitrāvaruṇā)
O Mitra and Varuna
सुवृ॒क्तिः (suvr̥ktíḥ)
well-formed hymn, good praise
अ॒नक्ति (anákti)
anoints, adorns
यद् (yát)
which, when
वाम (vām)
your (dual)
वि॒दथे॑षु (vidátheṣu)
in assemblies, gatherings
होता (hótā)
priest, one who offers
सु॒म्नं (sumnám)
favor, blessing, happiness
वाम (vām)
your (dual)
सू॒रिर्वृ (sūríḥ)
prince, patron, liberal giver
षणा॑व (vr̥ṣaṇau)
O mighty ones
इ॒यक्ष॑न् (íyakṣan)
desiring to worship, eager to serve
Stanza 1.153.3
पी॒पाय॑ धे॒नुरदि॑तिर्ऋ॒ताय॒ जना॑य मित्रावरुणा हवि॒र्दे | हि॒नोति॒ यद्वां॑ वि॒दथे॑ सप॒र्यन्त्स रा॒तह॑व्यो॒ मानु॑षो॒ न होता॑ ||
pīpā́ya dhenúr áditir r̥tā́ya jánāya mitrāvaruṇā havirdé hinóti yád vāṁ vidáthe saparyán sá rātáhavyo mā́nuṣo ná hótā
O Mitra and Varuna, Aditi, like a nurturing cow, abundantly provides for cosmic order and for people. When someone worships you in gatherings, they offer oblations, like a devoted priest offering gifts.
This verse uses a powerful metaphor: Aditi, the mother goddess, is described as a 'milch-cow' that 'flows' with nourishment for the cosmic order (Rta) and for humanity. This abundance is offered to Mitra and Varuna, implying they sustain this flow. The stanza then praises a human devotee who actively worships them in assemblies, acting like a priest with his offerings, thereby connecting human actions with divine sustenance.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. पी॒पाय॑ धे॒नुरदि॑तिर् ऋ॒ताय जनाय pīpā́ya dhenúḥ áditiḥ r̥tā́ya (11 syllables)
- B. मित्रावरुणा हवि॒र् दे॒ jánāya mitrāvaruṇā havirdé (11 syllables)
- C. हि॒नोति यद् वाम वि॒दथे॑ स॒पर्यन्त्स hinóti yát vām vidáthe saparyán (11 syllables)
- D. रा॒ तहव्यो मानु॑षो न होता sá rātáhavyaḥ mā́nuṣaḥ ná hótā (11 syllables)
पी॒पाय॑ (pīpā́ya)
flowed abundantly, nourished
धे॒नुरदि॑तिर् (dhenúḥ)
milch-cow, nurturing mother
ऋ॒ताय (áditiḥ)
Aditi (mother of gods, boundless)
जनाय (r̥tā́ya)
for the cosmic order, truth, righteousness
मित्रावरुणा (jánāya)
for people, mankind
हवि॒र् (mitrāvaruṇā)
O Mitra and Varuna
दे॒ (havirdé)
offering oblations
हि॒नोति (hinóti)
makes flow, urges on
यद् (yát)
when, as
वाम (vām)
you (dual)
वि॒दथे॑ (vidáthe)
in the assembly, at the gathering
स॒पर्यन्त्स (saparyán)
worshipping, honoring
रा॒ (sá)
he
तहव्यो (rātáhavyaḥ)
one who has offered oblations
मानु॑षो (mā́nuṣaḥ)
human
न (ná)
like, as
होता (hótā)
priest, offerer
Stanza 1.153.4
उ॒त वां॑ वि॒क्षु मद्या॒स्वन्धो॒ गाव॒ आप॑श्च पीपयन्त दे॒वीः | उ॒तो नो॑ अ॒स्य पू॒र्व्यः पति॒र्दन्वी॒तं पा॒तं पय॑स उ॒स्रिया॑याः ||
utá vāṁ vikṣú mádyāsv ándho gā́va ā́paś ca pīpayanta devī́ḥ utó no asyá pūrvyáḥ pátir dán vītám pātám páyasa usríyāyāḥ
May the cows and heavenly waters also fill you with sweet nourishment in our communities. May the ancient Lord of our people grant us this. Enjoy and drink the milk from the divine cow.
This verse shifts focus to the blessings received from Mitra and Varuna within the community. It suggests that divine nourishment and abundance, symbolized by milk and flowing waters, are present among the people who honor the gods. The stanza then makes a direct plea: may the ancient protector of the community grant them access to this divine sustenance, urging them to partake in the milk and nourishment provided by the divine 'cow'.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. उतो वां वि॒क्षु म॒द्या॒स्व अ॒न्धो utá vām vikṣú mádyāsu ándhaḥ (11 syllables)
- B. गा॒व आप॑ श्च पीपयन्त दे॒वीः gā́vaḥ ā́paḥ ca pīpayanta devī́ḥ (11 syllables)
- C. उतो नो अ॒स्य पू॒ र्व्यः पति॒र् दन् utá u naḥ asyá pūrvyáḥ pátiḥ dán (11 syllables)
- D. वी॒तं पा॒तं पय॑स उ॒स्रिया॑याः vītám pātám páyasaḥ usríyāyāḥ (11 syllables)
उतो (utá)
and
वां (vām)
you (dual)
वि॒क्षु (vikṣú)
in the communities, settlements
म॒द्या॒स्व (mádyāsu)
in the joyous, delightful
अ॒न्धो (ándhaḥ)
nourishment, strengthening drink
गा॒व (gā́vaḥ)
cows
आप॑ (ā́paḥ)
waters
श्च (ca)
and
पीपयन्त (pīpayanta)
may they make flow, nourish
दे॒वीः (devī́ḥ)
divine (feminine)
उतो (utá)
and
नो (u)
and
अ॒स्य (naḥ)
for us
पू॒ (asyá)
of this
र्व्यः (pūrvyáḥ)
ancient, first
पति॒र् (pátiḥ)
lord, protector, master
दन् (dán)
of the house
वी॒तं (vītám)
enjoy, partake (imperative dual)
पा॒तं (pātám)
drink (imperative dual)
पय॑स (páyasaḥ)
of the milk
उ॒स्रिया॑याः (usríyāyāḥ)
of the divine cow