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Stanza 1.152.1
यु॒वं वस्त्रा॑णि पीव॒सा व॑साथे यु॒वोरच्छि॑द्रा॒ मन्त॑वो ह॒ सर्गाः॑ | अवा॑तिरत॒मनृ॑तानि॒ विश्व॑ ऋ॒तेन॑ मित्रावरुणा सचेथे ||
yuváṁ vástrāṇi pīvasā́ vasāthe yuvór áchidrā mántavo ha sárgāḥ ávātiratam ánr̥tāni víśva r̥téna mitrāvaruṇā sacethe
You two, Mitra and Varuna, are clothed in rich, life-giving robes, and your counsels are flawless and constant. You conquer all untruth, O Mitra and Varuna, and closely follow the eternal order!
This verse addresses Mitra and Varuna, two powerful deities. It describes them as wearing magnificent, life-sustaining garments and having wise, unbreakable counsels. They are praised for overcoming falsehood and closely following the eternal cosmic order, known as 'rita'. The stanza emphasizes their role in upholding truth and cosmic law.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. युवं वस्त्राणि पीवसा वसाथे yuvám vástrāṇi pīvasā́ vasāthe (11 syllables)
- B. युवोर अच्छिद्राः मंतवो ह सर्गाः yuvóḥ áchidrāḥ mántavaḥ ha sárgāḥ (11 syllables)
- C. अवा अतिरततमनृ अनृतानि विश्व áva atiratam ánr̥tāni víśvā (11 syllables)
- D. ऋतेन मित्रावरुणा सचेथे r̥téna mitrāvaruṇā sacethe (11 syllables)
युवं (yuvám)
you two
वस्त्राणि (vástrāṇi)
garments
पीवसा (pīvasā́)
rich, fat, nourishing
वसाथे (vasāthe)
you two wear
युवोर (yuvóḥ)
your (dual)
अच्छिद्राः (áchidrāḥ)
unbroken, uninterrupted
मंतवो (mántavaḥ)
counsels, thoughts
ह (ha)
indeed, certainly
सर्गाः (sárgāḥ)
courses, paths
अवा (áva)
down
अतिरततमनृ (atiratam)
you two have overcome, surpassed
अनृतानि (ánr̥tāni)
untruths, falsehoods
विश्व (víśvā)
all
ऋतेन (r̥téna)
by the cosmic order, truth
मित्रावरुणा (mitrāvaruṇā)
O Mitra and Varuna
सचेथे (sacethe)
you two associate with, follow
Stanza 1.152.2
ए॒तच्च॒न त्वो॒ वि चि॑केतदेषां स॒त्यो मन्त्रः॑ कविश॒स्त ऋघा॑वान् | त्रि॒रश्रिं॑ हन्ति॒ चतु॑रश्रिरु॒ग्रो दे॑व॒निदो॒ ह प्र॑थ॒मा अ॑जूर्यन् ||
etác caná tvo ví ciketad eṣāṁ satyó mántraḥ kaviśastá ŕ̥ghāvān triráśriṁ hanti cáturaśrir ugró devanído há prathamā́ ajūryan
No one can fully grasp this might of yours. The wise, true utterance of the sage is powerful. The fierce, four-edged one strikes the three-edged, and those who hate the gods are the first to fall and perish.
This stanza reflects on the profound nature of Mitra and Varuna's power and wisdom, suggesting it's beyond ordinary human comprehension. It speaks of a potent 'mantra' (divine utterance or formula) that is true and wisely crafted. The verse uses a metaphor of a powerful, four-edged weapon striking a three-edged one, symbolizing the divine power defeating lesser forces or falsehood. It concludes by stating that those who oppose the gods are the first to perish.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. एतच्च न त्वो चि केतदेषां एषां etát caná tvaḥ ví ciketat eṣām (11 syllables)
- B. सत्यो मन्त्रः कविशस्तः ऋघावान् satyáḥ mántraḥ kaviśastáḥ ŕ̥ghāvān (11 syllables)
- C. त्रिराशिं हन्ति चतुरश्रिरुग्रो उग्रो triráśrim hanti cáturaśriḥ ugráḥ (11 syllables)
- D. देवनिदो ह प्रथमा अजूर्यन् devanídaḥ ha prathamā́ḥ ajūryan (11 syllables)
एतच्च (etát)
this
न (caná)
even, also
त्वो (tvaḥ)
strength, power
चि (ví)
apart, widely
केतदेषां (ciketat)
may understand, may perceive
एषां (eṣām)
of them
सत्यो (satyáḥ)
true
मन्त्रः (mántraḥ)
utterance, formula, hymn
कविशस्तः (kaviśastáḥ)
spoken by the wise poet or seer
ऋघावान् (ŕ̥ghāvān)
powerful, strengthening
त्रिराशिं (triráśrim)
the three-edged one
हन्ति (hanti)
strikes, kills
चतुरश्रिरुग्रो (cáturaśriḥ)
the four-edged one
उग्रो (ugráḥ)
fierce, strong
देवनिदो (devanídaḥ)
those who hate the gods
ह (ha)
indeed
प्रथमा (prathamā́ḥ)
first
अजूर्यन् (ajūryan)
grew old, decayed, perished
Stanza 1.152.3
अ॒पादे॑ति प्रथ॒मा प॒द्वती॑नां॒ कस्तद्वां॑ मित्रावरु॒णा चि॑केत | गर्भो॑ भा॒रं भ॑र॒त्या चि॑दस्य ऋ॒तं पिप॒र्त्यनृ॑तं॒ नि ता॑रीत् ||
apā́d eti prathamā́ padvátīnāṁ kás tád vām mitrāvaruṇā́ ciketa gárbho bhārám bharaty ā́ cid asya r̥tám píparty ánr̥taṁ ní tārīt
The footless one moves first among the footed. Who truly understands this action of yours, O Mitra and Varuna? The unborn essence carries the world's burden, upholds the cosmic order, and overcomes falsehood!
This verse poses a riddle about a divine entity that moves without feet, preceding those with feet. It questions who can truly understand this enigmatic action of Mitra and Varuna. The stanza then reveals that an unborn 'embryo' or essence sustains the world's burden, upholding the cosmic order ('rita') and overcoming falsehood. It highlights a generative, sustaining power that operates beyond physical form.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. अपादेति एति प्रथमा पद्वतींनां apā́t eti prathamā́ padvátīnām (11 syllables)
- B. कस्तद्वां तद्वां वां मित्रावरुणा चि केत káḥ tát vām mitrāvaruṇā ā́ ciketa (11 syllables)
- C. गर्भो भारं भरत्या चि दस्य स्य gárbhaḥ bhārám bharati ā́ cit asya (11 syllables)
- D. ऋतं पिपर्त्यनृ तं नि तारीत् r̥tám píparti ánr̥tam ní tārīt (11 syllables)
अपादेति (apā́t)
footless
एति (eti)
goes, moves
प्रथमा (prathamā́)
first
पद्वतींनां (padvátīnām)
of those who have feet
कस्तद्वां (káḥ)
who
तद्वां (tát)
that
वां (vām)
your (dual)
मित्रावरुणा (mitrāvaruṇā)
O Mitra and Varuna
चि (ā́)
up
केत (ciketa)
understood, perceived
गर्भो (gárbhaḥ)
embryo, seed, unborn essence
भारं (bhārám)
burden
भरत्या (bharati)
bears, carries
चि (ā́)
up
दस्य (cit)
indeed
स्य (asya)
his, its
ऋतं (r̥tám)
the cosmic order, truth
पिपर्त्यनृ (píparti)
fills, upholds
तं (ánr̥tam)
untruth, falsehood
नि (ní)
down
तारीत् (tārīt)
crossed over, overcame
Stanza 1.152.4
प्र॒यन्त॒मित्परि॑ जा॒रं क॒नीनां॒ पश्या॑मसि॒ नोप॑नि॒पद्य॑मानम् | अन॑वपृग्णा॒ वित॑ता॒ वसा॑नं प्रि॒यं मि॒त्रस्य॒ वरु॑णस्य॒ धाम॑ ||
prayántam ít pári jāráṁ kanī́nām páśyāmasi nópanipádyamānam ánavapr̥gṇā vítatā vásānam priyám mitrásya váruṇasya dhā́ma
We see him, the beloved of maidens, always moving forward and never falling. He wears inseparable, vast garments, the delightful glory of Mitra and of Varuṇa.
The worshippers observe a magnificent entity, described as the beloved of young women, constantly advancing and never faltering. This entity is seen wearing inseparable, widespread garments. The stanza concludes by identifying this as the delightful glory or presence of both Mitra and Varuna.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. प्रयन्तं इत् परि जारं कनीनां prayántam ít pári jārám kanī́nām (11 syllables)
- B. पश्यामसि नोप पनिपद्यमानम् páśyāmasi ná upanipádyamānam (11 syllables)
- C. अनवपृग्णा वितता वसानं ánavapr̥gṇā vítatā vásānam (11 syllables)
- D. प्रिय मित्रस्य वरुणस्य धाम priyám mitrásya váruṇasya dhā́ma (11 syllables)
प्रयन्तं (prayántam)
moving forward, advancing
इत् (ít)
indeed
परि (pári)
around
जारं (jārám)
beloved, lover
कनीनां (kanī́nām)
of young maidens
पश्यामसि (páśyāmasi)
we see
नोप (ná)
not
पनिपद्यमानम् (upanipádyamānam)
falling down
अनवपृग्णा (ánavapr̥gṇā)
inseparable, not separated
वितता (vítatā)
spread out, vast
वसानं (vásānam)
wearing, clothing
प्रिय (priyám)
beloved, dear
मित्रस्य (mitrásya)
of Mitra
वरुणस्य (váruṇasya)
of Varuṇa
धाम (dhā́ma)
glory, brilliance, abode
Stanza 1.152.5
अ॒न॒श्वो जा॒तो अ॑नभी॒शुरर्वा॒ कनि॑क्रदत्पतयदू॒र्ध्वसा॑नुः | अ॒चित्तं॒ ब्रह्म॑ जुजुषु॒र्युवा॑नः॒ प्र मि॒त्रे धाम॒ वरु॑णे गृ॒णन्तः॑ ||
anaśvó jātó anabhīśúr árvā kánikradat patayad ūrdhvásānuḥ acíttam bráhma jujuṣur yúvānaḥ prá mitré dhā́ma váruṇe gr̥ṇántaḥ
The steed, born without a rider, unbridled, neighing, flies with uplifted back. The youthful devotees offer their pure devotion, praising the glory in Mitra and in Varuṇa.
This verse describes a powerful, untamed 'horse' or divine force that is 'born' without a master and without reins. It moves swiftly with an uplifted back and makes a loud sound. The youthful devotees willingly offer their devotion ('brahman') to this divine power, praising its glory within the realms of Mitra and Varuṇa.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. अश्वो जातो अनभीशुरर्वा अर्वा anaśváḥ jātáḥ anabhīśúḥ árvā (11 syllables)
- B. कनिक्रदत् पतयदू र्ध्वसानुः kánikradat patayat ūrdhvásānuḥ (11 syllables)
- C. अचित्तं ब्रह्म जुजुषुर्युवा युवानः acíttam bráhma jujuṣuḥ yúvānaḥ (11 syllables)
- D. प्र मित्रे धाम वरुणे गृणन्तः prá mitré dhā́ma váruṇe gr̥ṇántaḥ (11 syllables)
अश्वो (anaśváḥ)
un-horsed, not having a rider
जातो (jātáḥ)
born
अनभीशुरर्वा (anabhīśúḥ)
unbridled, without reins
अर्वा (árvā)
horse, steed
कनिक्रदत् (kánikradat)
neighing, crying loudly
पतयदू (patayat)
flies, moves swiftly
र्ध्वसानुः (ūrdhvásānuḥ)
with uplifted back
अचित्तं (acíttam)
unthinking, beyond thought
ब्रह्म (bráhma)
devotion, prayer, divine knowledge
जुजुषुर्युवा (jujuṣuḥ)
they loved, enjoyed, accepted
युवानः (yúvānaḥ)
youthful, young
प्र (prá)
forth, forward
मित्रे (mitré)
in Mitra
धाम (dhā́ma)
glory, brilliance
वरुणे (váruṇe)
in Varuṇa
गृणन्तः (gr̥ṇántaḥ)
praising, singing
Stanza 1.152.6
आ धे॒नवो॑ मामते॒यमव॑न्तीर्ब्रह्म॒प्रियं॑ पीपय॒न्त्सस्मि॒न्नूध॑न् | पि॒त्वो भि॑क्षेत व॒युना॑नि वि॒द्वाना॒साविवा॑स॒न्नदि॑तिमुरुष्येत् ||
ā́ dhenávo māmateyám ávantīr brahmapríyam pīpayan sásminn ū́dhan pitvó bhikṣeta vayúnāni vidvā́n āsā́vívāsann áditim uruṣyet
May the nurturing cows favor the descendant of Mâmateya and make the beloved devotion fruitful. May the wise one, seeking sustenance, invoke Aditi and be protected!
This verse is a prayer for prosperity and assistance. The speaker wishes for the 'milch-kine' (symbolizing abundance and nourishment) to favor a certain person (Mâmateya) and to make the devotion to the divine (brahman) fruitful. The speaker also expresses a desire to receive sustenance ('food') and help from the divine, specifically invoking Aditi, the mother of the gods, suggesting a plea for cosmic support and nourishment.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. आ धेनव मामतंयमवन्तीर् अवन्तीर् ā́ dhenávaḥ māmateyám ávantīḥ (11 syllables)
- B. ब्रह्मप्रिय पीपयन्तस्मि स्मिन्नूध ऊधन् brahmapríyam pīpayan sásmin ū́dhan (11 syllables)
- C. पित्वो भिक्षेत वयुनानि विद्वान pitváḥ bhikṣeta vayúnāni vidvā́n (11 syllables)
- D. आसा विवसन्नदि अदितिं उरुष्येत् āsā́ āvívāsan áditim uruṣyet (11 syllables)
आ (ā́)
towards
धेनव (dhenávaḥ)
milch-kine, cows
मामतंयमवन्तीर् (māmateyám)
descendant of Mâmateya
अवन्तीर् (ávantīḥ)
favoring, helping
ब्रह्मप्रिय (brahmapríyam)
beloved devotion, prayer
पीपयन्तस्मि (pīpayan)
make to drink, nourish
स्मिन्नूध (sásmin)
in this
ऊधन् (ū́dhan)
udder, source of nourishment
पित्वो (pitváḥ)
sustenance, food
भिक्षेत (bhikṣeta)
may beg, seek
वयुनानि (vayúnāni)
activities, ways, sustenance
विद्वान (vidvā́n)
knowing, wise
आसा (āsā́)
with the mouth, by speaking
विवसन्नदि (āvívāsan)
desiring, wishing for
अदितिं (áditim)
Aditi (mother goddess)
उरुष्येत् (uruṣyet)
may protect, may help
Stanza 1.152.7
आ वां॑ मित्रावरुणा ह॒व्यजु॑ष्टिं॒ नम॑सा देवा॒वव॑सा ववृत्याम् | अ॒स्माकं॒ ब्रह्म॒ पृत॑नासु सह्या अ॒स्माकं॑ वृ॒ष्टिर्दि॒व्या सु॑पा॒रा ||
ā́ vām mitrāvaruṇā havyájuṣṭiṁ námasā devāv ávasā vavr̥tyām asmā́kam bráhma pŕ̥tanāsu sahyā asmā́kaṁ vr̥ṣṭír divyā́ supārā́
O Mitra and Varuna, Gods, with reverence and help, may I win your favor! May our prayer be victorious in battles; may our divine rain be easily prosperous!
This is a direct prayer to Mitra and Varuna, asking them to accept the worshipper's offering of reverence ('namas') and help ('avas'). The speaker desires their prayers ('brahma') to be victorious in battles ('prtanasu') and prays for abundant heavenly rain ('vrsti') that leads to prosperity and well-being ('supara'). It's a plea for divine favor in both spiritual practice and worldly success.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. आ वां मित्रावरुणा हव्यजुष्टिं ā́ vām mitrāvaruṇā havyájuṣṭim (11 syllables)
- B. नमसा देवाव अवसा ववृत्याम् námasā devau ávasā vavr̥tyām (11 syllables)
- C. अस्माकं ब्रह्म पृतनासु सह्या asmā́kam bráhma pŕ̥tanāsu sahyāḥ (11 syllables)
- D. अस्माकं वृष्टि दिव्या सुपारा asmā́kam vr̥ṣṭíḥ divyā́ supārā́ (11 syllables)
आ (ā́)
towards
वां (vām)
your (dual)
मित्रावरुणा (mitrāvaruṇā)
O Mitra and Varuna
हव्यजुष्टिं (havyájuṣṭim)
enjoyment of the oblation, favor
नमसा (námasā)
with reverence, with worship
देवाव (devau)
O Gods (dual)
अवसा (ávasā)
with help, with aid
ववृत्याम् (vavr̥tyām)
may I choose, may I seek
अस्माकं (asmā́kam)
our
ब्रह्म (bráhma)
prayer, devotion
पृतनासु (pŕ̥tanāsu)
in battles
सह्या (sahyāḥ)
may overcome, may be victorious
अस्माकं (asmā́kam)
our
वृष्टि (vr̥ṣṭíḥ)
rain
दिव्या (divyā́)
heavenly, divine
सुपारा (supārā́)
easily crossed, prosperous