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Stanza 1.151.1
मि॒त्रं न यं शिम्या॒ गोषु॑ ग॒व्यवः॑ स्वा॒ध्यो॑ वि॒दथे॑ अ॒प्सु जीज॑नन् | अरे॑जेतां॒ रोद॑सी॒ पाज॑सा गि॒रा प्रति॑ प्रि॒यं य॑ज॒तं ज॒नुषा॒मवः॑ ||
mitráṁ ná yáṁ śímyā góṣu gavyávaḥ svādhyò vidáthe apsú jī́janan árejetāṁ ródasī pā́jasā girā́ práti priyáṁ yajatáṁ janúṣām ávaḥ
Just like Mitra, whom the wise, skilled in battle and eager for wealth, brought forth with great power in sacred rituals and waters, He made the earth and sky tremble with His might and praise.
This verse describes the immense power of a divine being, possibly Mitra, who causes both the heavens and the earth to tremble. This being is loved and revered, a helper to all. Wise individuals, seeking blessings and perhaps spoils of battle, brought this being forth with great effort and reverence, particularly in sacred rituals and waters.
Meter: Jagati
- A. मि॒त्रं न यं शिम्ये गोषु गव्यवः mitrám ná yám śímyā góṣu gavyávaḥ (12 syllables)
- B. स्वाध्यो विदथे अप्स् जीजनन् svādhyàḥ vidáthe apsú jī́janan (12 syllables)
- C. अरेजेतां रोदसी पाजसा गिरा árejetām ródasī pā́jasā girā́ (12 syllables)
- D. प्रति प्रियं यजतं जनुशाम् अवः práti priyám yajatám janúṣām ávaḥ (12 syllables)
मि॒त्रं (mitrám)
friend, companion (often a divine being)
न (ná)
like, as
यं (yám)
whom
शिम्ये (śímyā)
with might, with power
गोषु (góṣu)
among cows, among riches
गव्यवः (gavyávaḥ)
longing for cows, eager for wealth
स्वाध्यो (svādhyàḥ)
skilled, wise, self-taught
विदथे (vidáthe)
in the assembly, in the ritual
अप्स् (apsú)
in the waters
जीजनन् (jī́janan)
they brought forth, they generated
अरेजेतां (árejetām)
trembled
रोदसी (ródasī)
heaven and earth
पाजसा (pā́jasā)
with strength, with power
गिरा (girā́)
with song, with praise
प्रति (práti)
towards
प्रियं (priyám)
beloved, dear
यजतं (yajatám)
worshipful, venerable
जनुशाम् (janúṣām)
of mankind, of generations
अवः (ávaḥ)
protection, help
Stanza 1.151.2
यद्ध॒ त्यद्वां॑ पुरुमी॒ळ्हस्य॑ सो॒मिनः॒ प्र मि॒त्रासो॒ न द॑धि॒रे स्वा॒भुवः॑ | अध॒ क्रतुं॑ विदतं गा॒तुमर्च॑त उ॒त श्रु॑तं वृषणा प॒स्त्या॑वतः ||
yád dha tyád vām purumīḷhásya somínaḥ prá mitrā́so ná dadhiré svābhúvaḥ ádha krátuṁ vidataṁ gātúm árcata utá śrutaṁ vr̥ṣaṇā pastyāā̀vataḥ
Just as these powerful beings, friends of Purumilha the Soma-drinker, have established themselves, you two, by your own power, have given us this inspiration. Now, you who are swift and wise, accept our praise and our path.
This stanza speaks of the powerful deities, Mitra and Varuna, who are praised by individuals, possibly those connected to a ritual offering of Soma. These deities have been invoked and are seen as capable of bestowing mental strength and guidance. The speaker asks for their favor and attention, recognizing their importance and presence.
Meter: Jagati
- A. यत् ह त्यत् वां पुरुमीळ्हस्य सोमिनः yát ha tyát vām purumīḷhásya somínaḥ (12 syllables)
- B. प्र मित्रासो न दधिरे स्वाभुवः prá mitrā́saḥ ná dadhiré svābhúvaḥ (12 syllables)
- C. अध क्रतुं विदतं गातुं अर्चते ádha krátum vidatam gātúm árcate (12 syllables)
- D. उत श्रुतं वृषणा पस्त्यावतः utá śrutam vr̥ṣaṇā pastyā̀vataḥ (12 syllables)
यत् (yát)
that which, what
ह (ha)
indeed, this
त्यत् (tyát)
that
वां (vām)
to you two
पुरुमीळ्हस्य (purumīḷhásya)
of Purumilha (a person or deity)
सोमिनः (somínaḥ)
of the Soma-drinker
प्र (prá)
forth, forward
मित्रासो (mitrā́saḥ)
friends (referring to deities)
न (ná)
like, as
दधिरे (dadhiré)
they established, they placed
स्वाभुवः (svābhúvaḥ)
self-existent, powerful
अध (ádha)
then, now
क्रतुं (krátum)
power, might, intellect
विदतं (vidatam)
you two know, you two perceive
गातुं (gātúm)
path, way, understanding
अर्चते (árcate)
for him who praises, for the worshipper
उत (utá)
and also
श्रुतं (śrutam)
you two have heard, you two have understood
वृषणा (vr̥ṣaṇā)
O strong ones, O vigorous ones
पस्त्यावतः (pastyā̀vataḥ)
possessing homes, masters of the house
Stanza 1.151.3
आ वां॑ भूषन्क्षि॒तयो॒ जन्म॒ रोद॑स्योः प्र॒वाच्यं॑ वृषणा॒ दक्ष॑से म॒हे | यदी॑मृ॒ताय॒ भर॑थो॒ यदर्व॑ते॒ प्र होत्र॑या॒ शिम्या॑ वीथो अध्व॒रम् ||
ā́ vām bhūṣan kṣitáyo jánma ródasyoḥ pravā́cyaṁ vr̥ṣaṇā dákṣase mahé yád īm r̥tā́ya bháratho yád árvate prá hótrayā śímyā vītho adhvarám
The people have glorified your birth from the Earth and Heaven, O powerful ones, for your great might and glory. When you two bring forth and sustain, through your divine inspiration and hymns, accept our ritual offerings.
This verse celebrates the birth of the twin deities, Mitra and Varuna, from the cosmic parents, Heaven and Earth. Their powerful and glorious birth is acknowledged and praised for their great might. The stanza calls upon them, urging them to bestow their divine energy and support for the rituals and hymns being offered, emphasizing their role in upholding cosmic order.
Meter: Jagati
- A. आ वाम् भूषन् क्षितयः जन्म रोदस्योः ā́ vām bhūṣan kṣitáyaḥ jánma ródasyoḥ (12 syllables)
- B. प्रवाच्यं वृषणा दक्षसे महे pravā́cyam vr̥ṣaṇā dákṣase mahé (12 syllables)
- C. यत् ईम् ऋताय भरथः यत् अर्वते yát īm r̥tā́ya bhárathaḥ yát árvate (12 syllables)
- D. प्र होत्रया शिम्या वीथो अध्वरं prá hótrayā śímyā vīthaḥ adhvarám (12 syllables)
आ (ā́)
towards, up to
वाम् (vām)
your (dual)
भूषन् (bhūṣan)
they adorned, they glorified
क्षितयः (kṣitáyaḥ)
peoples, settlers
जन्म (jánma)
birth
रोदस्योः (ródasyoḥ)
of heaven and earth (dual)
प्रवाच्यं (pravā́cyam)
to be proclaimed, praiseworthy
वृषणा (vr̥ṣaṇā)
O strong ones, O vigorous ones
दक्षसे (dákṣase)
for strength, for power
महे (mahé)
for greatness, for abundance
यत् (yát)
and
ईम् (īm)
them
ऋताय (r̥tā́ya)
for the cosmic order, for the truth
भरथः (bhárathaḥ)
you two bring, you two carry
यत् (yát)
and
अर्वते (árvate)
for the singer, for the worshipper
प्र (prá)
forth, forward
होत्रया (hótrayā)
with prayer, with invocation
शिम्या (śímyā)
with might, with power
वीथो (vīthaḥ)
you two enjoy, you two pervade
अध्वरं (adhvarám)
the sacrifice, the ritual
Stanza 1.151.4
प्र सा क्षि॒तिर॑सुर॒ या महि॑ प्रि॒य ऋता॑वानावृ॒तमा घो॑षथो बृ॒हत् | यु॒वं दि॒वो बृ॑ह॒तो दक्ष॑मा॒भुवं॒ गां न धु॒र्युप॑ युञ्जाथे अ॒पः ||
prá sā́ kṣitír asura yā́ máhi priyá ŕ̥tāvānāv r̥tám ā́ ghoṣatho br̥hát yuváṁ divó br̥ható dákṣam ābhúvaṁ gā́ṁ ná dhury úpa yuñjāthe apáḥ
That people, O divine beings, which you cherish, O righteous Mitra and Varuna, you two proclaim aloud great truth. You two harness your mighty, heaven-born power to the task, just as an ox is yoked to the pole.
This verse addresses the Asuras (divine beings with great power) and the righteous Mitra and Varuna, praising those whom they favor. It highlights their ability to proclaim the cosmic truth and their immense power derived from the heavens. The stanza compares their action of binding their power to a task with harnessing an ox to a yoke, suggesting their controlled yet potent influence.
Meter: Jagati
- A. प्र सा क्षितिः असुर या महि प्रिया prá sā́ kṣitíḥ asura yā́ máhi priyā́ (12 syllables)
- B. ऋतावानौ ऋतं आ घो$षथः बृहत् ŕ̥tāvānau r̥tám ā́ ghoṣathaḥ br̥hát (12 syllables)
- C. युवं दिवः बृहतः दक्षं आभुवं yuvám diváḥ br̥hatáḥ dákṣam ābhúvam (12 syllables)
- D. गां न धुरि उप युञ्जाथे अपः gā́m ná dhurí úpa yuñjāthe apáḥ (12 syllables)
प्र (prá)
forward, forth
सा (sā́)
that
क्षितिः (kṣitíḥ)
people, settlement
असुर (asura)
O divine beings, O Asuras
या (yā́)
which
महि (máhi)
greatness, abundance
प्रिया (priyā́)
beloved, dear
ऋतावानौ (ŕ̥tāvānau)
O upholders of cosmic order (dual)
ऋतं (r̥tám)
cosmic order, truth
आ (ā́)
up
घो$षथः (ghoṣathaḥ)
you two proclaim, you two declare
बृहत् (br̥hát)
great, vast
युवं (yuvám)
you two
दिवः (diváḥ)
from the sky, from heaven
बृहतः (br̥hatáḥ)
great, vast
दक्षं (dákṣam)
power, ability
आभुवं (ābhúvam)
all-pervading, potent
गां (gā́m)
ox
न (ná)
like, as
धुरि (dhurí)
on the yoke
उप (úpa)
upon, on
युञ्जाथे (yuñjāthe)
you two yoke, you two join
अपः (apáḥ)
works, actions
Stanza 1.151.5
म॒ही अत्र॑ महि॒ना वार॑मृण्वथोऽरे॒णव॒स्तुज॒ आ सद्म॑न्धे॒नवः॑ | स्वर॑न्ति॒ ता उ॑प॒रता॑ति॒ सूर्य॒मा नि॒म्रुच॑ उ॒षस॑स्तक्व॒वीरि॑व ||
mahī́ átra mahinā́ vā́ram r̥ṇvatho 'reṇávas túja ā́ sádman dhenávaḥ sváranti tā́ uparátāti sū́ryam ā́ nimrúca uṣásas takvavī́r iva
With great power, you two bring forth blessings here. Pure and swift, like cows in their stalls, you move towards the sun. Like birds of prey at dusk, you descend from the dawn, bringing favor.
This verse praises Mitra and Varuna for their great power and ability to bestow blessings on earth. It mentions that they operate flawlessly, like pure cows in their stalls, and their presence is felt from morning till evening, reaching towards the sun. They are compared to swift birds, symbolizing their quick and effective action in delivering blessings and favor.
Meter: Jagati
- A. मही अत्र महिना वारं ऋण्वथः mahī́ átra mahinā́ vā́ram r̥ṇvathaḥ (12 syllables)
- B. अरे॒णव॒ तुजः आ सद्मन् धेनवः areṇávaḥ tújaḥ ā́ sádman dhenávaḥ (12 syllables)
- C. स्वरन्ति ताः उप सूर्य sváranti tā́ḥ uparátāti sū́ryam (12 syllables)
- D. आ निम्लुचः उषसः तक्ववीरि इव ā́ nimrúcaḥ uṣásaḥ takvavī́ḥ iva (12 syllables)
मही (mahī́)
great (dual)
अत्र (átra)
here
महिना (mahinā́)
with greatness, with might
वारं (vā́ram)
boon, gift, favor
ऋण्वथः (r̥ṇvathaḥ)
you two bestow, you two accomplish
अरे॒णव॒ (areṇávaḥ)
pure
तुजः (tújaḥ)
swift, quick
आ (ā́)
from
सद्मन् (sádman)
abode, dwelling, stall
धेनवः (dhenávaḥ)
cows
स्वरन्ति (sváranti)
they move, they go
ताः (tā́ḥ)
they
उप (uparátāti)
in the vicinity, nearby
सूर्य (sū́ryam)
the sun
आ (ā́)
from
निम्लुचः (nimrúcaḥ)
at sunset, at dusk
उषसः (uṣásaḥ)
from the dawn, from the morning
तक्ववीरि (takvavī́ḥ)
swift bird, bird of prey
इव (iva)
like, as
Stanza 1.151.6
आ वा॑मृ॒ताय॑ के॒शिनी॑रनूषत॒ मित्र॒ यत्र॒ वरु॑ण गा॒तुमर्च॑थः | अव॒ त्मना॑ सृ॒जतं॒ पिन्व॑तं॒ धियो॑ यु॒वं विप्र॑स्य॒ मन्म॑नामिरज्यथः ||
ā́ vām r̥tā́ya keśínīr anūṣata mítra yátra váruṇa gātúm árcathaḥ áva tmánā sr̥játam pínvataṁ dhíyo yuváṁ víprasya mánmanām irajyathaḥ
The radiant energies have served your ritual for truth, O Mitra and Varuna, where you two celebrate the path. Release your power willingly, and prosper our thoughts. You two are the lords of the wise singer's hymns.
This verse addresses Mitra and Varuna, acknowledging that even the powerful, flame-like energies (perhaps priests or divine energies) serve their ritual, celebrating their path. The speaker implores them to willingly release their divine blessings and prosper their hymns and thoughts. It affirms that Mitra and Varuna are the supreme rulers of the poet's hymn and praise.
Meter: Jagati
- A. आ वाम् ऋताय केशिनीः अनूषत ā́ vām r̥tā́ya keśínīḥ anūṣata (12 syllables)
- B. मित्र यत्र वरुण गातुं अर्चथः mítra yátra váruṇa gātúm árcathaḥ (12 syllables)
- C. अव त्मना सृजतं पिन्वतम धियो áva tmánā sr̥játam pínvatam dhíyaḥ (12 syllables)
- D. युवं विप्रस्य मन्मनाम् ईराज्यथः yuvám víprasya mánmanām irajyathaḥ (12 syllables)
आ (ā́)
towards, up to
वाम् (vām)
your (dual)
ऋताय (r̥tā́ya)
for the cosmic order, for the truth
केशिनीः (keśínīḥ)
having flowing hair, radiant (feminine plural)
अनूषत (anūṣata)
they served, they moved
मित्र (mítra)
Mitra (divine name)
यत्र (yátra)
where
वरुण (váruṇa)
Varuna (divine name)
गातुं (gātúm)
path, way
अर्चथः (árcathaḥ)
you two praise, you two worship
अव (áva)
down
त्मना (tmánā)
by oneself, willingly
सृजतं (sr̥játam)
you two release, you two send forth
पिन्वतम (pínvatam)
you two make fertile, you two prosper
धियो (dhíyaḥ)
thoughts, songs, praises
युवं (yuvám)
you two
विप्रस्य (víprasya)
of the poet, of the inspired one
मन्मनाम् (mánmanām)
of praises, of hymns
ईराज्यथः (irajyathaḥ)
you two rule, you two govern
Stanza 1.151.7
यो वां॑ य॒ज्ञैः श॑शमा॒नो ह॒ दाश॑ति क॒विर्होता॒ यज॑ति मन्म॒साध॑नः | उपाह॒ तं गच्छ॑थो वी॒थो अ॑ध्व॒रमच्छा॒ गिरः॑ सुम॒तिं ग॑न्तमस्म॒यू ||
yó vāṁ yajñaíḥ śaśamānó ha dā́śati kavír hótā yájati manmasā́dhanaḥ úpā́ha táṁ gáchatho vīthó adhvarám áchā gíraḥ sumatíṁ gantam asmayū́
Whoever, with sacrifices and hymns, devotedly worships you, O Mitra and Varuna, the wise priest who performs the rite – you two approach him and accept his sacrifice. Come to us with favor, towards our hymns.
This verse describes the ideal worshipper who diligently performs sacrifices and offers hymns with focused intent. Such a person, acting as a sage and priest, honors Mitra and Varuna. The stanza calls upon the twin deities to approach and accept this sincere worship, emphasizing their willingness to come to those who offer heartfelt praise and seek their favor.
Meter: Jagati
- A. यः वाम् यज्ञैः शशमानः ह दाशति yáḥ vām yajñaíḥ śaśamānáḥ ha dā́śati (12 syllables)
- B. कविः होता यजति मन्मसाधनः kavíḥ hótā yájati manmasā́dhanaḥ (12 syllables)
- C. उप अह तं गच्छथः वीथो अध्वरं úpa áha tám gáchathaḥ vītháḥ adhvarám (12 syllables)
- D. अच्छा गिरः सुमतिं गन्तम अस्मयू ácha + gíraḥ sumatím gantam asmayū́ (12 syllables)
यः (yáḥ)
who
वाम् (vām)
you two
यज्ञैः (yajñaíḥ)
with sacrifices
शशमानः (śaśamānáḥ)
worshipping, pacifying
ह (ha)
indeed
दाशति (dā́śati)
gives offerings, worships
कविः (kavíḥ)
poet, seer, wise one
होता (hótā)
priest, one who offers oblations
यजति (yájati)
he sacrifices, he worships
मन्मसाधनः (manmasā́dhanaḥ)
one who fulfills hymns, composer of hymns
उप (úpa)
towards
अह (áha)
indeed
तं (tám)
him
गच्छथः (gáchathaḥ)
you two go, you two approach
वीथो (vītháḥ)
you two enjoy, you two taste
अध्वरं (adhvarám)
the sacrifice, the ritual
अच्छा (ácha +)
towards
गिरः (gíraḥ)
hymns, songs
सुमतिं (sumatím)
good-will, favor
गन्तम (gantam)
come!
अस्मयू (asmayū́)
desirous of us, friendly towards us
Stanza 1.151.8
यु॒वां य॒ज्ञैः प्र॑थ॒मा गोभि॑रञ्जत॒ ऋता॑वाना॒ मन॑सो॒ न प्रयु॑क्तिषु | भर॑न्ति वां॒ मन्म॑ना सं॒यता॒ गिरोऽदृ॑प्यता॒ मन॑सा रे॒वदा॑शाथे ||
yuvā́ṁ yajñaíḥ prathamā́ góbhir añjata ŕ̥tāvānā mánaso ná práyuktiṣu bháranti vām mánmanā saṁyátā gíró 'dr̥pyatā mánasā revád āśāthe
You two, O righteous ones, were first adorned with sacrifices and milk. Your hymns are brought to you with concentrated thought, O Mitra and Varuna, with minds focused and composed. You approach us with richness and favor.
This verse praises Mitra and Varuna, the upholders of cosmic order. It states that they are first adorned with sacrifices and offerings (like milk), showing that their worship is initiated with sacred rituals and thoughtful devotion. Their hymns are brought to them with concentrated minds and focused intentions, indicating the deep reverence of the worshippers. The deities are described as approaching with great richness and favor.
Meter: Jagati
- A. युवाम् यज्ञैः प्रथमा गोभिः अञ्जते yuvā́m yajñaíḥ prathamā́ góbhiḥ añjate (12 syllables)
- B. ऋतावाना मनसः न प्रयुक्तिषु ŕ̥tāvānā mánasaḥ ná práyuktiṣu (12 syllables)
- C. भरन्ति वाम् मनमना संयता गिरेः bháranti vām mánmanā saṃyátā gíraḥ (12 syllables)
- D. अदृप्यता मनसा रेवत् आशाथे ádr̥pyatā mánasā revát āśāthe (12 syllables)
युवाम् (yuvā́m)
you two
यज्ञैः (yajñaíḥ)
with sacrifices
प्रथमा (prathamā́)
first
गोभिः (góbhiḥ)
with milk, with cows
अञ्जते (añjate)
they adorn, they beautify
ऋतावाना (ŕ̥tāvānā)
O upholders of cosmic order (dual)
मनसः (mánasaḥ)
of the mind
न (ná)
like, as
प्रयुक्तिषु (práyuktiṣu)
in the promptings, in the inspirations
भरन्ति (bháranti)
they bring
वाम् (vām)
to you two
मनमना (mánmanā)
with thought, with mind
संयता (saṃyátā)
collected, concentrated
गिरेः (gíraḥ)
hymns, songs
अदृप्यता (ádr̥pyatā)
with nourishing substance, with richness
मनसा (mánasā)
with the mind, with intention
रेवत् (revát)
rich, abundant
आशाथे (āśāthe)
you two obtain, you two possess
Stanza 1.151.9
रे॒वद्वयो॑ दधाथे रे॒वदा॑शाथे॒ नरा॑ मा॒याभि॑रि॒तऊ॑ति॒ माहि॑नम् | न वां॒ द्यावोऽह॑भि॒र्नोत सिन्ध॑वो॒ न दे॑व॒त्वं प॒णयो॒ नान॑शुर्म॒घम् ||
revád váyo dadhāthe revád āśāthe nárā māyā́bhir itáūti mā́hinam ná vāṁ dyā́vó 'habhir nótá síndhavo ná devatvám paṇáyo nā́naśur maghám
You two possess rich strength and attain great glory through your powers. Neither days and nights, nor rivers, nor the Panis have attained your divine nature and wealth.
This verse proclaims the divine power and richness of Mitra and Varuna. They possess abundant strength and attain their great might through their extraordinary abilities. Even the celestial bodies like days, nights, and rivers, as well as beings like the Panis (often associated with wealth and sometimes greed), cannot match or attain the divine status and wealth of these two gods. It emphasizes their supreme and unique position.
Meter: Jagati
- A. रेवत् वयो दधाथे रेवत् आशाथे revát váyaḥ dadhāthe revát āśāthe (12 syllables)
- B. नरा मायाभिः इतऊति माहिनं nárā māyā́bhiḥ itáūti mā́hinam (12 syllables)
- C. न वाम् द्यावः अहभिः न उत सिन्धवः ná vām dyā́vaḥ áhabhiḥ ná utá síndhavaḥ (12 syllables)
- D. न देवत्वं पणयः न आनाशुर मघं ná devatvám paṇáyaḥ ná ānaśuḥ maghám (12 syllables)
रेवत् (revát)
rich, abundant
वयो (váyaḥ)
strength, vigor
दधाथे (dadhāthe)
you two hold, you two possess
रेवत् (revát)
rich, abundant
आशाथे (āśāthe)
you two obtain, you two reach
नरा (nárā)
O heroes, O men (calling the deities)
मायाभिः (māyā́bhiḥ)
by powers, by illusions, by skills
इतऊति (itáūti)
reaching, extending
माहिनं (mā́hinam)
greatness, glory
न (ná)
nor
वाम् (vām)
your (dual)
द्यावः (dyā́vaḥ)
days
अहभिः (áhabhiḥ)
with days
न (ná)
nor
उत (utá)
and also
सिन्धवः (síndhavaḥ)
rivers
न (ná)
nor
देवत्वं (devatvám)
divinity, godhead
पणयः (paṇáyaḥ)
Panis (a class of beings, often associated with wealth)
न (ná)
nor
आनाशुर (ānaśuḥ)
they attained, they reached
मघं (maghám)
wealth, gift