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Stanza 1.120.1
का रा॑ध॒द्धोत्रा॑श्विना वां॒ को वां॒ जोष॑ उ॒भयोः॑ | क॒था वि॑धा॒त्यप्र॑चेताः ||
kā́ rādhad dhótrāśvinā vāṁ kó vāṁ jóṣa ubháyoḥ kathā́ vidhāty ápracetāḥ
Oh Ashvins, how can I perform rites to win your favor? Whose pleasure do you both seek? How can I, lacking deep insight, worship you?
This verse is a direct question to the divine twins, the Ashvins. The speaker is asking for guidance, wondering how to please them and how someone who lacks understanding (like themselves) can properly worship or connect with them. It highlights a genuine desire for spiritual connection despite perceived limitations.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. का राधत् होत्रा अश्विना वां kā́ rādhat hótrā aśvinā vām (8 syllables)
- B. कः वां जोषे उभयोः káḥ vām jóṣe ubháyoḥ (7 syllables)
- C. कथा विधति अप्रचेताः kathā́ vidhāti ápracetāḥ (8 syllables)
का (kā́)
What
राधत् (rādhat)
accomplish, succeed
होत्रा (hótrā)
offering, worship
अश्विना (aśvinā)
O Ashvins (divine twins)
वां (vām)
your
कः (káḥ)
Who
वां (vām)
your
जोषे (jóṣe)
pleasure, liking
उभयोः (ubháyoḥ)
of you both
कथा (kathā́)
How
विधति (vidhāti)
worship, serve
अप्रचेताः (ápracetāḥ)
unintelligent, lacking understanding
Stanza 1.120.2
वि॒द्वांसा॒विद्दुरः॑ पृच्छे॒दवि॑द्वानि॒त्थाप॑रो अचे॒ताः | नू चि॒न्नु मर्ते॒ अक्रौ॑ ||
vidvā́ṁsāv íd dúraḥ pr̥ched ávidvān itthā́paro acetā́ḥ nū́ cin nú márte ákrau
You who know, should instruct the ignorant about your ways. The uninitiated should ask you how to proceed, for truly, no one else is as enlightened. Don't we turn to you, not to any ordinary person?
Continuing the plea from the previous verse, the speaker asks the knowledgeable Ashvins to guide the less informed. They state that the ignorant should ask the Ashvins for the way to worship, because no one else truly knows. This emphasizes the Ashvins' unique wisdom and role as teachers, contrasting them with ordinary mortals.
Meter:
- A. विद्वांसाै इत् दुरः पृच्छेत् अविद्वान् vidvā́ṃsau ít dúraḥ pr̥chet ávidvān (8 syllables)
- B. इत्था अपरः अचेताः itthā́ áparaḥ acetā́ḥ (11 syllables)
- C. नु मर्ते अक्रौ nú + cit nú márte ákrau (7 syllables)
विद्वांसाै (vidvā́ṃsau)
you who know
इत् (ít)
indeed
दुरः (dúraḥ)
door, way, means
पृच्छेत् (pr̥chet)
should ask
अविद्वान् (ávidvān)
ignorant
इत्था (itthā́)
thus, in this way
अपरः (áparaḥ)
another, else
अचेताः (acetā́ḥ)
uncomprehending
(nú +)
(cit)
नु (nú)
now, then
मर्ते (márte)
mortal
अक्रौ (ákrau)
men
Stanza 1.120.3
ता वि॒द्वांसा॑ हवामहे वां॒ ता नो॑ वि॒द्वांसा॒ मन्म॑ वोचेतम॒द्य | प्रार्च॒द्दय॑मानो यु॒वाकुः॑ ||
tā́ vidvā́ṁsā havāmahe vāṁ tā́ no vidvā́ṁsā mánma vocetam adyá prā́rcad dáyamāno yuvā́kuḥ
We call upon you, Ashvins, just as you are – wise ones! You two, who possess wisdom, please speak to us and accept our praise today. May this prayer, offered with devotion, please you.
The speaker affirms their understanding of the Ashvins' nature and calls upon them. They express a desire for the divine twins, who are wise, to hear their prayers and offerings today. The verse highlights the reciprocal relationship: the devotee calls, and the deities are expected to respond with favor and acceptance.
Meter:
- A. ता विद्वांसा हवामहे वां tā́ vidvā́ṃsā havāmahe vām (9 syllables)
- B. ता नः विद्वांसा मन्म वोचेतम् अद्य tā́ naḥ vidvā́ṃsā mánma vocetam adyá (12 syllables)
- C. प्र आर्चत् दयमानः युवाकुः prá ārcat dáyamānaḥ yuvā́kuḥ (9 syllables)
ता (tā́)
you two
विद्वांसा (vidvā́ṃsā)
wise ones
हवामहे (havāmahe)
we call
वां (vām)
you (dual)
ता (tā́)
you two
नः (naḥ)
to us
विद्वांसा (vidvā́ṃsā)
wise ones
मन्म (mánma)
praise, hymn
वोचेतम् (vocetam)
may you two speak
अद्य (adyá)
today
प्र (prá)
forth
आर्चत् (ārcat)
honored, praised
दयमानः (dáyamānaḥ)
worshipping, offering
युवाकुः (yuvā́kuḥ)
desiring you
Stanza 1.120.4
वि पृ॑च्छामि पा॒क्या॒३॒॑ न दे॒वान्वष॑ट्कृतस्याद्भु॒तस्य॑ दस्रा | पा॒तं च॒ सह्य॑सो यु॒वं च॒ रभ्य॑सो नः ||
ví pr̥chāmi pākyāā̀ ná devā́n váṣaṭkr̥tasyādbhutásya dasrā pātáṁ ca sáhyaso yuváṁ ca rábhyaso naḥ
I humbly ask you, mighty Ashvins, about the Gods and this amazing, sacred offering. Please protect us from what is overwhelming and dangerous, from things more powerful than we can face alone.
The speaker continues to seek knowledge, asking the mighty Ashvins, not ordinary gods, about the nature of the sacred, wondrous offering. They then make a desperate plea for protection, asking the Ashvins to save them from dangers that are more powerful and overwhelming than they can handle themselves. This shows a deep reliance on the Ashvins for both spiritual insight and physical safety.
Meter:
- A. वि पृच्छामि पाक्या न देवान् ví pr̥chāmi pākyā̀ ná devā́n (10 syllables)
- B. वषट्कृतस्य अद्भुतस्य द sırada váṣaṭkr̥tasya adbhutásya dasrā (11 syllables)
- C. पात च सह्यसः युवं च रभ्यसः नः pātám ca sáhyasaḥ yuvám ca rábhyasaḥ naḥ (13 syllables)
वि (ví)
apart, separately
पृच्छामि (pr̥chāmi)
I ask
पाक्या (pākyā̀)
pure, clean
न (ná)
not
देवान् (devā́n)
gods
वषट्कृतस्य (váṣaṭkr̥tasya)
consecrated by the Vashat chant
अद्भुतस्य (adbhutásya)
wondrous, amazing
द sırada (dasrā)
O brilliant ones (Ashvins)
पात (pātám)
protect
च (ca)
and
सह्यसः (sáhyasaḥ)
stronger, overwhelming
युवं (yuvám)
you two
च (ca)
and
रभ्यसः (rábhyasaḥ)
harder to grasp, fiercer
नः (naḥ)
us
Stanza 1.120.5
प्र या घोषे॒ भृग॑वाणे॒ न शोभे॒ यया॑ वा॒चा यज॑ति पज्रि॒यो वा॑म् | प्रैष॒युर्न वि॒द्वान् ||
prá yā́ ghóṣe bhŕ̥gavāṇe ná śóbhe yáyā vācā́ yájati pajriyó vām praíṣayúr ná vidvā́n
This hymn of praise, shining like those of the Bhrigus, is offered to you. With this very speech, the son of Pajra worships you both, like a wise counselor serving his lords.
This verse describes the speaker's praise as a beautiful, shining hymn, comparable to those sung by ancient sages like Bhrigu. The speaker explains that they offer this praise (using this specific speech) to the Ashvins, like a wise advisor serving their masters. It emphasizes the quality and intention behind the worship offered.
Meter:
- A. प्र या घोषे भृगवाणे न शोभे prá yā́ ghóṣe bhŕ̥gavāṇe ná śóbhe (11 syllables)
- B. यया वाचा यजति पज्रियः वां yáyā vācā́ yájati pajriyáḥ vām (11 syllables)
- C. प्र ऐषयुः न विद्वान् prá iṣayúḥ ná vidvā́n (6 syllables)
प्र (prá)
forth
या (yā́)
which
घोषे (ghóṣe)
in sound, in praise
भृगवाणे (bhŕ̥gavāṇe)
like the Bhrigus (ancient sages)
न (ná)
like
शोभे (śóbhe)
shining, beautiful
यया (yáyā)
by which
वाचा (vācā́)
speech, words
यजति (yájati)
sacrifices, worships
पज्रियः (pajriyáḥ)
Pajra's son (a devotee)
वां (vām)
you two
प्र (prá)
forth
ऐषयुः (iṣayúḥ)
serving, ministering
न (ná)
like
विद्वान् (vidvā́n)
wise
Stanza 1.120.6
श्रु॒तं गा॑य॒त्रं तक॑वानस्या॒हं चि॒द्धि रि॒रेभा॑श्विना वाम् | आक्षी शु॑भस्पती॒ दन् ||
śrutáṁ gāyatráṁ tákavānasyāháṁ cid dhí rirébhāśvinā vām ā́kṣī́ śubhas patī dán
Hear, O Ashvins, this Gayatra hymn of Takvanasya! I myself have attained something significant from you. Turn your radiant eyes towards us, O Lords of Splendor!
The speaker urges the Ashvins to listen to their praise, specifically mentioning a 'Gayatra' hymn and the person 'Takvanasya'. The speaker then declares that they have personally experienced or achieved something great from the Ashvins ('rirébha'). They address the Ashvins as lords of splendor and ask them to turn their divine gaze upon them.
Meter:
- A. श्रुतं गायत्रं तकवानस्य śrutám gāyatrám tákavānasya (10 syllables)
- B. अहं चि हि रिरिभे अश्विना वां ahám cit hí rirébha aśvinā vām (10 syllables)
- C. आ अक्षी शुभ पती दन ā́ akṣī́ śubhaḥ patī dán (8 syllables)
श्रुतं (śrutám)
hear
गायत्रं (gāyatrám)
the Gayatra hymn
तकवानस्य (tákavānasya)
of Takvanasya (a person)
अहं (ahám)
I
चि (cit)
indeed
हि (hí)
certainly
रिरिभे (rirébha)
I have gained, achieved
अश्विना (aśvinā)
O Ashvins
वां (vām)
your
आ (ā́)
towards
अक्षी (akṣī́)
eyes
शुभ (śubhaḥ)
splendor, brilliance
पती (patī)
O lords
दन (dán)
home, dwelling
Stanza 1.120.7
यु॒वं ह्यास्तं॑ म॒हो रन्यु॒वं वा॒ यन्नि॒रत॑तंसतम् | ता नो॑ वसू सुगो॒पा स्या॑तं पा॒तं नो॒ वृका॑दघा॒योः ||
yuváṁ hy ā́stam mahó rán yuváṁ vā yán nirátataṁsatam tā́ no vasū sugopā́ syātam pātáṁ no vŕ̥kād aghāyóḥ
You two have always been here to bestow great riches! You two have delivered wealth that was gathered. Therefore, O possessors of wealth, may you be our good protectors and save us from wicked wolves!
The speaker reminds the Ashvins that they have always been present ('āstam') to bestow great wealth ('maháḥ rán'). They also mention that the Ashvins possess and deliver wealth that has been gathered ('nirátataṃsatam'). The plea is for the Ashvins, referred to as 'Vasus' (possessors of wealth), to act as good protectors ('sugopā́') and save them from dangerous wolves ('vr̥kāt aghāyóḥ').
Meter:
- A. युवं हि आस्तं महः रन yuvám hí ā́stam maháḥ rán (8 syllables)
- B. युवं वा यत् निरततंसतम् yuvám vā yát nirátataṃsatam (10 syllables)
- C. ता नः वसू सुगोपा स्यातं tā́ naḥ vasū sugopā́ syātam (10 syllables)
- D. पात नः वृकात् अघायोः pātám naḥ vŕ̥kāt aghāyóḥ (8 syllables)
युवं (yuvám)
you two
हि (hí)
indeed
आस्तं (ā́stam)
you two were present
महः (maháḥ)
great
रन (rán)
treasure, wealth
युवं (yuvám)
you two
वा (vā)
and
यत् (yát)
what
निरततंसतम् (nirátataṃsatam)
you two distributed, bestowed
ता (tā́)
you two
नः (naḥ)
us
वसू (vasū)
O possessors of wealth
सुगोपा (sugopā́)
good protectors
स्यातं (syātam)
may you be
पात (pātám)
protect
नः (naḥ)
us
वृकात् (vŕ̥kāt)
from the wolf
अघायोः (aghāyóḥ)
wicked, harmful
Stanza 1.120.8
मा कस्मै॑ धातम॒भ्य॑मि॒त्रिणे॑ नो॒ माकुत्रा॑ नो गृ॒हेभ्यो॑ धे॒नवो॑ गुः | स्त॒ना॒भुजो॒ अशि॑श्वीः ||
mā́ kásmai dhātam abhy àmitríṇe no mā́kútrā no gr̥hébhyo dhenávo guḥ stanābhújo áśiśvīḥ
O Ashvins, do not deliver us to any enemy! Do not let our nourishing cows stray away from our homes, especially without their calves!
This verse is a plea to the Ashvins, asking them not to hand the speaker over to any enemy or enemy-like person ('amitríṇe'). They also ask that their cows, which provide nourishment ('stanābhújaḥ'), not wander away from their homes, especially without their calves ('áśiśvīḥ'). This is a prayer for safety from external threats and for the well-being of their livelihood (cows).
Meter:
- A. मा कस्मै धात अभि अमित्रिणे नः mā́ kásmai dhātam abhí amitríṇe naḥ (11 syllables)
- B. मा नः गृहेभ्यो धेनवः गुः mā́ akútra + naḥ gr̥hébhyaḥ dhenávaḥ guḥ (11 syllables)
- C. स्तनाभुजः अश्विीः stanābhújaḥ áśiśvīḥ (7 syllables)
मा (mā́)
not
कस्मै (kásmai)
to any
धात (dhātam)
deliver, give
अभि (abhí)
towards
अमित्रिणे (amitríṇe)
to a non-friend, enemy
नः (naḥ)
from our
मा (mā́)
not
(akútra +)
नः (naḥ)
from our
गृहेभ्यो (gr̥hébhyaḥ)
from homes
धेनवः (dhenávaḥ)
cows
गुः (guḥ)
go, wander
स्तनाभुजः (stanābhújaḥ)
having full udders
अश्विीः (áśiśvīḥ)
without calves
Stanza 1.120.9
दु॒ही॒यन्मि॒त्रधि॑तये यु॒वाकु॑ रा॒ये च॑ नो मिमी॒तं वाज॑वत्यै | इ॒षे च॑ नो मिमीतं धेनु॒मत्यै॑ ||
duhīyán mitrádhitaye yuvā́ku rāyé ca no mimītáṁ vā́javatyai iṣé ca no mimītaṁ dhenumátyai
May those who praise you, O Ashvins, gain your friendship! Provide us with wealth and strength, and provide us with milk-giving cows!
The speaker expresses a desire to be closely associated with the Ashvins, calling them friends ('mitrádhitaye'). They then ask the Ashvins to bestow upon them prosperity ('rāyé') with sustenance that provides strength ('vā́javatyai') and also to provide nourishment ('iṣé') through cows that are rich in milk ('dhenumátyai'). This is a prayer for both material wealth and vital nourishment.
Meter:
- A. दुहीयन् मित्रधितये युवाकु duhīyán mitrádhitaye yuvā́ku (11 syllables)
- B. राये च नः मिमीतं वाजवत्यै rāyé ca naḥ mimītám vā́javatyai (11 syllables)
- C. इषे च नः मिमीतं धेनुमत्यै iṣé ca naḥ mimītam dhenumátyai (11 syllables)
दुहीयन् (duhīyán)
may they obtain
मित्रधितये (mitrádhitaye)
for friendship
युवाकु (yuvā́ku)
eagerly
राये (rāyé)
for wealth
च (ca)
and
नः (naḥ)
us
मिमीतं (mimītám)
provide, measure out
वाजवत्यै (vā́javatyai)
with strength-giving food
इषे (iṣé)
for nourishment
च (ca)
and
नः (naḥ)
us
मिमीतं (mimītam)
provide, measure out
धेनुमत्यै (dhenumátyai)
with milk-giving cows
Stanza 1.120.10
अ॒श्विनो॑रसनं॒ रथ॑मन॒श्वं वा॒जिनी॑वतोः | तेना॒हं भूरि॑ चाकन ||
aśvínor asanaṁ rátham anaśváṁ vājínīvatoḥ ténāhám bhū́ri cākana
I have obtained the chariot of the Ashvins, the powerful ones, which runs without horses. With this, I am greatly content.
The speaker expresses satisfaction, having received ('asanam') the Ashvins' chariot, which is described as powerful ('vājínīvatoḥ') and not dependent on horses ('anaśvám'). They are content with this gift, having received it through the Ashvins' grace. This signifies a successful spiritual or material acquisition granted by the divine twins.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. अश्विनोः असनं रथं aśvínoḥ asanam rátham (8 syllables)
- B. अनश्वं वाजिनीवतोः anaśvám vājínīvatoḥ (8 syllables)
- C. तेन अहं भूरि चाकन téna ahám bhū́ri cākana (8 syllables)
अश्विनोः (aśvínoḥ)
of the Ashvins
असनं (asanam)
I obtained
रथं (rátham)
chariot
अनश्वं (anaśvám)
horseless
वाजिनीवतोः (vājínīvatoḥ)
of the powerful ones
तेन (téna)
by that
अहं (ahám)
I
भूरि (bhū́ri)
greatly, abundantly
चाकन (cākana)
I am pleased, satisfied
Stanza 1.120.11
अ॒यं स॑मह मा तनू॒ह्याते॒ जनाँ॒ अनु॑ | सो॒म॒पेयं॑ सु॒खो रथः॑ ||
ayáṁ samaha mā tanūhyā́te jánām̐ ánu somapéyaṁ sukhó ráthaḥ
May this chariot carry me further! May it pass from person to person, associated with the Soma drink. This happy chariot belongs to you.
The speaker expresses a desire for the chariot they received to continue carrying them ('ūhyāte') and to pass from person to person ('jánān anu'), implying its ongoing benefit and transmission. They specifically mention its connection to the 'Soma draught', indicating its role in sacred rituals or ecstatic experiences. The chariot is described as a source of happiness ('sukháḥ').
Meter: Gayatri
- A. अयं समह मा तनु ayám samaha mā tanu (8 syllables)
- B. ऊह्याते जनान् अनु ūhyā́te jánān ánu (7 syllables)
- C. सोमपेयं सुखः रथः somapéyam sukháḥ ráthaḥ (8 syllables)
अयं (ayám)
this
समह (samaha)
together
मा (mā)
me
तनु (tanu)
O body/person
ऊह्याते (ūhyā́te)
may it carry
जनान् (jánān)
people
अनु (ánu)
following, after
सोमपेयं (somapéyam)
the drinking of Soma
सुखः (sukháḥ)
happy, pleasant
रथः (ráthaḥ)
chariot
Stanza 1.120.12
अध॒ स्वप्न॑स्य॒ निर्वि॒देऽभु॑ञ्जतश्च रे॒वतः॑ | उ॒भा ता बस्रि॑ नश्यतः ||
ádha svápnasya nír vidé 'bhuñjataś ca revátaḥ ubhā́ tā́ básri naśyataḥ
This chariot surpasses slumber and the rich man who doesn't enjoy his wealth. Both those things vanish. You two, Ashvins, are vigilant and effective.
The verse contrasts the beneficial chariot with fleeting things like slumber ('svápnasya') and the enjoyment of wealth by those who don't use it ('ábhuñjataḥ... revátaḥ'). It states that both slumber and the ungenerous wealthy person disappear or are insignificant ('naśyataḥ') compared to the enduring value of the Ashvins' gift. The speaker asserts that both the chariot and its owner are superior.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. अध स्वप्नस्य निस् विदे ádha svápnasya nís vide (8 syllables)
- B. अभुञ्जत च रेवतः ábhuñjataḥ ca revátaḥ (8 syllables)
- C. उभा ता बस््रि नश्यतः ubhā́ tā́ básri naśyataḥ (8 syllables)
अध (ádha)
then, also
स्वप्नस्य (svápnasya)
of slumber
निस् (nís)
beyond, without
विदे (vide)
knowing, perceiving
अभुञ्जत (ábhuñjataḥ)
one who does not enjoy/use
च (ca)
and
रेवतः (revátaḥ)
of the wealthy
उभा (ubhā́)
both
ता (tā́)
those
बस््रि (básri)
vigilant, effective
नश्यतः (naśyataḥ)
they vanish, perish